Nowadays, deciding how to select an strategy is an important issue for most of the companies worldwide. No matter what the size of the company is or the place where it is located, will always be needed. The right decision in the selection of strategy can grant a company many benefits such as more efficient work, lower cost, better satisfaction of the costumer, and so on. This study introduces the evaluation and selection of strategies through a fuzzy TOPSIS method. The purpose of this method is to give companies in an accurate tool to select the right strategy in order to avoid transaction mistakes that result in a bad reputation of the offered products, the company and the loss of money through unnecessary expenses. This suggested method combines qualitative and quantitative criteria and considers the importance of each criterion in the evaluation process. The ranking approach of maximizing area and minimizing area is proposed to complete the method. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the procedure of the proposed fuzzy TOPSIS method.

Nowadays, deciding how to select an strategy is an important issue for most of the companies worldwide. No matter what the size of the company is or the place where it is located, will always be needed. The right decision in the selection of strategy can grant a company many benefits such as more efficient work, lower cost, better satisfaction of the costumer, and so on. This study introduces the evaluation and selection of strategies through a fuzzy TOPSIS method. The purpose of this method is to give companies in an accurate tool to select the right strategy in order to avoid transaction mistakes that result in a bad reputation of the offered products, the company and the loss of money through unnecessary expenses. This suggested method combines qualitative and quantitative criteria and considers the importance of each criterion in the evaluation process. The ranking approach of maximizing area and minimizing area is proposed to complete the method. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the procedure of the proposed fuzzy TOPSIS method.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................ I
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. II
TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................... III
LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................VI
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................. VIII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1
1.1 Background and Motivation ......................................................................... 1
1.2 Research Objectives..................................................................................... 3
1.3 Research Framework ................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................. 5
2.1 Strategy ....................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 E-commerce ........................................................................................ 5
2.1.2 Strategy............................................................................................... 7
2.2 Brief Introduction about Vietnam and the Vietnam .................................... 10
2.2.1 Country Background ......................................................................... 10
2.2.2 The Vietnamese Economy .................................................................. 12
2.2.3 Vietnam E-commerce ........................................................................ 12
2.3 Fuzzy TOPSIS Arithmetic ......................................................................... 13
2.4 Fuzzy Number Ranking ............................................................................. 15
2.5 Criteria Selection ....................................................................................... 17
CHAPTER 3 FUZZY SET THEORY ................................................................... 19
3.1 Fuzzy Set ................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Fuzzy Number ........................................................................................... 20
3.3 α-cut and Interval Arithmetic ..................................................................... 21
3.4 Linguistic Values and Fuzzy Numbers ....................................................... 22
CHAPTER 4 MODEL ESTABLISHMENT.......................................................... 24
4.1 Normalization the Quantitative Criteria ..................................................... 24
4.2 Weighted Rating Matrix ............................................................................ 26
4.3 Defuzzification .......................................................................................... 28
4.4 Final Ranking Values ................................................................................ 32
4.5 Calculate , and ,     A A S S ..................................................................... 34
4.6 Obtain the Closeness Coefficient ............................................................... 35
4.7 Linguistic Values ....................................................................................... 36
CHAPTER 5 NUMERICAL EXAMPLE .............................................................. 38
5.1 Determination the Alternatives and Criteria ............................................... 38
5.2 Ratings of Alternatives versus Criteria ....................................................... 39
5.2.1 Ratings of Alternatives versus Quantitative Criteria .......................... 39
5.2.2 Normalization of the Ratings ............................................................. 40
5.2.3 Ratings of Alternatives versus Qualitative Criteria ............................ 40
5.3 Importance Weights ................................................................................... 43
5.4 Membership Function Development .......................................................... 43
5.5 Final Ranking Values ................................................................................ 44
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ........................................ 47
6.1 Research Conclusions ................................................................................ 47
6.2 Limitations ................................................................................................ 48
6.3 Suggestions for Further Research ............................................................... 48
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 50
APPENDIX A .................................................................................................... 55
Appendix B ........................................................................................................ 64
Appendix B Other idea to modify Chen method ................................................. 65
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1. The Selected Qualitative and Quantitative Criteria ............................. 17
Table 3-1. Linguistic Value and Fuzzy Numbers for Rating Qualitative Criteria .. 22
Table 3-2. Linguistic Values and Fuzzy Numbers for Degree of Importance ......... 23
Table 4-1. Linguistic Values and Fuzzy Numbers for Rating Qualitative Criteria . 36
Table 4-2. Linguistic Values and Fuzzy Numbers for Degree of Importance ......... 37
Table 5-1. Listed in the Vietnamese ISP company with their strategy ................... 39
Table 5-2. Ratings of Alternatives versus Quantitative Criteria ............................ 40
Table 5-3. Normalized Values of Alternatives versus Criteria Ratings.................. 40
Table 5-4. Ratings of Alternatives versus Qualitative Criteria-Linguistic Values .. 41
Table 5-5. Ratings of Alternatives versus Qualitative Criteria-Fuzzy Numbers ..... 42
Table 5-6. Importance Weights of Criteria-Linguistic Values ............................... 43
Table 5-7. Importance Weights of Criteria-Fuzzy Numbers .................................. 43
Table 5-8.
iL x ...................................................................................................... 44
Table 5-9.
iR x ...................................................................................................... 44
Table 5-10. ( ) L i S A ............................................................................................ 45
Table 5-11. ( ) R i S A ............................................................................................ 45
Table 5-12.
1
( ) [ ( ) ( )]
2 T i L i R i S A S A S A   ........................................................... 45
Table 5-13. and   A A ...................................................................................... 46
Table 5-14. , and  
i d d C .................................................................................. 46
Table 5-15. Ranking Result ................................................................................ 46
Table 7-1. Ratings of Alternatives versus Qualitative Criteria and Quantitative
criteria Fuzzy Numbers ............................................................................................ 55
Table 7-2. Importance weights of criteria - fuzzy numbers ( expessed ) ................ 57
Table 7-3. Importance weights of criteria - fuzzy numbers ( expessed ) ................ 57
Table 7-4. Ratings of Alternatives versus Qualitative Criteria and Quantitative
criteria Fuzzy Numbers ............................................................................................ 58
Table 7-5. Ratings of Alternatives versus Qualitative Criteria and Quantitative
criteria Fuzzy Numbers ............................................................................................ 59
Table 7-6. 1i J ....................................................................................................... 61
Table 7-7. 2i J ...................................................................................................... 61
Table 7-8. i Q ....................................................................................................... 61
Table 7-9. i Z ....................................................................................................... 62
Table 7-10. i Y .................................................................................................... 62
Table 7-11. 1i I ................................................................................................... 62
Table 7-12. 2i I ................................................................................................... 63
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1. Research Framework............................................................................. 4
Figure 2-1. The Location of Vietnam in the World Map ........................................ 12
Figure 3-1. General Fuzzy Number ....................................................................... 20
Figure 4-1. Decision Matrix of Fuzzy MCDM before Normalization ..................... 24
Figure 4-2. Decision Matrix of Fuzzy MCDM after Normalization ....................... 25
Figure 4-3. Maximizing Set and Minimizing Set ................................................... 28
Figure 4-4. Maximizing Area and Minimizing Area .............................................. 32
Figure 4-5. Linguistic Values and Fuzzy Numbers for Rating Qualitative Criteria . 36
Figure 4-6. Linguistic Values and Fuzzy Numbers for Rating Qualitative Criteria . 37

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