臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目的：本研究的目的在分析不同項目運動選手之人體測量特徵、身體組成及體型。方法：本研究之男性受試者（共103位）如下：自由車選手11位、中長跑選手15位、短跑選手20位、游泳選手20位、排球選手20位、非運動員17位（對照組）。本研究人體測量包括身高、體重、身體肢段長度、身體骨骼寬度、皮脂厚度及身體各部位圍度。藉由皮脂厚度之測量結果計算身體組成，及Heath-Carter體型分類法計算受試者之體型值。結果：不同項目運動選手，在身高、體重、身體肢段長度、身體骨骼寬度、皮脂厚度、身體各部位圍度及身體組成達顯著差異（p < .05）。不同項目運動選手的體型值為短跑2.4-4.6-2.9、中長跑2.4-4.1-3.2、自由車3.5-5.3-2.3、游泳2.7-4.9-2.6、排球3.0-4.3-2.9、非運動員4.7-5.0-2.1。結論：（1）中長跑選手身高和體重小於短跑選手；相較於其他運動項目，排球選手身高最高且手臂最長；（2）非運動員的圍度總和最大，中長跑選手最小；（3）非運動員的皮脂厚度總和及體脂肪百分比較運動員大，此外，不同運動項目中，自由車選手為最大，中長跑選手最小；（4）體型分析結果為短跑和中長跑選手屬於外中胚型，自由車、游泳、排球選手和非運動員選手屬於內中胚型。

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of athletes in several categories of sports. Method: Male subjects (n=103) included in the study were as follows: 11 cyclists, 15 middle-long distance runners, 20 sprinters, 20 swimmers, 20 volleyball players and 17 nonathletes as controls. Anthropometric measurements included in this study were height, body weight, limb segment length, bone breadth, skinfold thickness and girth. Body composition was evaluated by skinfold measurements. Somatotypes of the subjects were determined on the basis of the Heath-Carter method. Results: Significant differences (p < .05) in height, body weight, limb length, bone breadth, skinfold thickness, girth and body composition were found among the sports analyzed. Overall somatotype values determined for the athletes in different sports were 2.4-4.6-2.9 for the sprinters, 2.4-4.1-3.2 for the middle-long distance runners, 3.5-5.3-2.3 for the cyclists, 2.7-4.9-2.6 for the swimmers, 3.0-4.3-2.9 for the volleyball players and 4.7-5.0-2.1 for the nonathletes. Conclusion: (1) The body height and weight of the middle-long distance runners are less than the sprinters. The volleyball players have the greatest values in height and arm length than that measured in the other sports. (2) Non-athletes have the greatest sum of girth, while the middle-long distance runners have the smallest. (3) Non-athletes have the greatest sum of skinfold measurements and percent body fat than that of the athletes in all the sports studied. In addition, among the different sports, the cyclists have the highest sum of skinfold measurements and percent body fat, whereas the middle-long distance runners have the lowest. (4) In somatotype analysis, the sprinters and the middle-long distance runners can be classified as ectomorphic mesomorph, whereas the cyclists, swimmers, volleyball players and nonathletes are classified as endomorphic mesomorph.

目錄
學位論文考試審定書………………………………………………ii
授權書………………………………………………………………iii
中文摘要……………………………………………………………iv
英文摘要……………………………………………………………vi
誌謝…………………………………………………………………viii
目錄…………………………………………………………………ix
表目錄………………………………………………………………xi
圖目錄………………………………………………………………xii

第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景…………………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………3
第三節 研究假設…………………………………………………3
第四節 研究限制…………………………………………………3
第五節 名詞解釋…………………………………………………4

第二章 文獻探討
第一節 人體測量…………………………………………………5
第二節 身體組成…………………………………………………20
第三節 體型………………………………………………………26

第三章 研究方法與步驟

第一節 研究對象…………………………………………………37
第二節 測驗地點與時間…………………………………………37
第三節 研究流程…………………………………………………38
第四節 測驗方法與步驟…………………………………………39
第五節 資料處理及统計分析……………………………………59

第四章 結果
第一節 人體測量…………………………………………………60
第二節 身體組成…………………………………………………80
第三節 體型………………………………………………………84

第五章 討論
第一節 人體測量…………………………………………………89
第二節 身體組成…………………………………………………94
第三節 體型………………………………………………………95

第六章 結論與建議
第一節 結論………………………………………………………96
第二節 建議………………………………………………………97

參考文獻……………………………………………………………98
附件一：受試者同意書……………………………………………103
附件二：記錄表……………………………………………………104
附件三：信度分析之數據…………………………………………106
附件四：原始資料表………………………………………………108

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