臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究係利用奈米漿料研製剪切增稠液體(Shear thickening fluid, STF)，這是一種新型的防彈材料，該材料有別於一般傳統防彈材料，具輕巧及撓曲性佳且又有抗彈的特殊功能，在傳統的防彈材料要同時兼具這樣的特殊功能幾乎是不太可能，而研製這樣的新型防彈材料，不僅可以改善目前國軍所使用厚重的防彈衣，對於醫療的防護材料及民生工業的減震材料上，也將會有一般傳統材料所無法達到的物理特性。
本研究以奈米、次微米二氧化矽(SiO2)粒子、多壁奈米碳管(MW-CNT)、聚乙二醇及乙二醇等為原料，選擇聚乙二醇或乙二醇溶劑作為分散介質，經攪拌使二氧化矽粒子或奈米碳管在溶劑中進行分散，並以流變儀測量黏度曲線，另研究表面改質二氧化矽或多壁奈米碳管接枝氫氧官能基(-OH)對黏度之影響。實驗中以流變儀在高剪切速率條件下獲得之黏度曲線，為本研究材料選擇之重要依據，配合不同織物以氣槍及90公厘普通彈彈道測試分析，其測試分析為應用於液體裝甲之關鍵參數。
利用奈米漿料之剪切增稠特性，本研究也研製耐衝擊減震複合材料，雖然STF有極佳的剪切增稠效能，但奈米漿料無法定型之缺點在減震材料應用上形成了很大的問題，而目前耐衝擊的減震材料市售英國d3o產品，以類似橡膠墊片形式販售，但不提供尚未定型的膠體材料，因此在產品設計上有頗多限制。而本研究將製備完成之STF加入不同比例之室溫硬化型矽橡膠(Room temperature vulcanized, RTV)，以熱壓模方式製備耐衝擊減震複合材料，當瞬間衝擊產生時，可達到吸收衝擊力之效果，以確保其物理結構完整，功能亦可正常遂行，對於民生工業、老人照護及個人防護裝備等均可運用。

Shear thickening fluid (STF) has found its applications in protective materials recently. Generally, the STF consists of colloidal silica particles, their average size being about 450nm, being dispersed in a liquid solvent. However, the particle size of the particles has tremendous influence on the rheological behavior of the suspension. Therefore, in this study, shear thickening behaviors of nano silica , submicron silica and carbon nanotubes dispersions in ethylene glycerol (EG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) have been studied with rheometer. The dispersion stabilities, thermal characteristics and rheological behaviors of silica suspensions were studied to elucidate the effects of particle size and solid content. This paper also presents an experimental research regarding the ballistic performance of STF-containing Kevlar fabrics and UHDPE. STF shows its potential in many possible civilian applications, such as protective equipment, motorcycle clothing and damping material.
The study, shear thickening behaviour and dispersions in room temperature vulcanized (RTV) and Shear thickening fluid have been studied with foam. The dispersion stabilities, thermal characteristics and rheological behaviors of silica suspensions were studied to elucidate the effects of particle size and solid content. This paper also presents an experimental research regarding the impact test performance of STF-RTV composite materials. STF-RTV composite materials shows its potential in many possible civilian applications, such as protective equipment, motorcycle clothing and damping material.

誌謝
摘要
ABSTRACT
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
1. 緒論
1.1 前言
1.2 研究動機與目的
2. 文獻回顧
2.1 奈米漿料剪切增稠形成原理
2.1.1 流變性質
2.1.2 黏度量測概念
2.1.3 分子間作用力
2.1.4 分散技術
2.2 軟式防彈衣防彈機制
2.2.1 防彈纖維之材料結構
2.2.2 防彈纖維材料破壞原理
2.3 衝擊測試原理
2.3.1 彈道測試
2.3.2 落重式衝擊測試
2.4 熱塑性減震材料
2.5 蜂巢結構減震原理
3. 實驗
3.1 實驗步驟與流程
3.1.1 製備剪切增稠奈米漿料
3.1.2 二氧化矽表面接枝氫氧官能基(-OH)製備剪切增稠奈米漿料
3.1.3 以多壁奈米碳管製備剪切增稠奈米漿料
3.1.4 多壁奈米碳管表面接枝氫氧官能基(-OH)製備剪切增稠液體
3.1.5 剪切增稠奈米漿料與不同織物形成防彈織物複合材料
3.1.6 剪切增稠奈米漿料混摻室溫硬化型矽橡膠製備減震複合材料
3.1.7 蜂巢紙添加剪切增稠奈米漿料形成防護複合材料
3.2 實驗藥品
3.3 實驗儀器
3.4 其他特性檢測儀器
4. 結果與討論
4.1 剪切增稠奈米漿料黏度之影響
4.1.1 聚乙二醇不同分子量對剪切增稠液體黏度之影響
4.1.2 二氧化矽粒徑不同對剪切增稠液體黏度之影響
4.1.3 分析二氧化矽表面改質接枝氫氧官能基(-OH)對黏度之影響
4.1.4 分析多壁奈米碳管對剪切增稠液體黏度之影響
4.1.5 多壁奈米碳管表面改質接枝氫氧官能基(-OH)對黏度之影響
4.1.6 小結
4.2剪切增稠奈米漿料之穩定性
4.2.1 分析二氧化矽改質前後之熱穩定性
4.2.2 觀察剪切增稠液體粒子分散狀態
4.2.3 利用穩定度分析儀觀察剪切增稠液體之顆粒穩定性
4.2.4 小結
4.3 彈道測試
4.3.1 利用Kevlar剪切增稠複合材料以不同模式進行彈道測試
4.3.2 利用HDPE剪切增稠複合材料以不同模式進行彈道測試
4.3.4 小結
4.4 衝擊測試
4.4.1剪切增稠液體不同固含量之STF-RTV減震複合材料衝擊測試
4.4.2 不同比例之STF-RTV減震複合材料衝擊測試
4.4.3 小結
4.5 落鎚測試
4.5.1 Kevlar穿刺測試
4.5.2 Kevlar包覆剪切增稠防護材料穿刺測試
4.5.3 小結
5. 結論
參考文獻

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