臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究所探討及建立之知識庫，主要應用於核三廠爐心燃料佈局設計及安全分析作業，使用規則表示法進行陳述，以針對爐心燃料佈局設計各種情況提供不同之處理方式，另嘗試模擬違反設計限值之實例，依建議方法進行調整，以驗證本知識庫之正確性。

在模擬實作中，使用國外引進之XIMAGE-PWR/SIMAN圖形化人機介面，顯示爐心燃料佈局之畫面，並配合SIMULATE-3爐心穩態分析程式，用來計算爐心燃料佈局設計準則相關之爐心參數值，即時顯示各數值之計算結果、爐心分佈狀態及超過設計限值之標示，有效協助爐心燃料佈局進行調整。

This research investigated and built up a knowledge base which was used primarily in the nuclear core loading pattern design and safety analyses for the Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan. In this study, a rule-base knowledge representation method was employed to provide appraoches for dealing with various situations in the core loading pattern design and a practical example of a condition that the design criteria were violated was simulated. In the simulation, the core loading pattern was adjusted according to the suggestions based upon the knowledge base, in order to verify the accuracy of the knowledge base.

In the practical simulation, a graphical user-interface program, XIMAGE-PWR/SIMAN, imported from USA, was used to display the core loading pattern in graphics. The program, used together with a core steady-state simulation code, SIMULATE-3, and also imported from USA, provided the results of calculation of core parameters related to the core loading pattern design and therefore, facilitated the core loading pattern design efficiently.

iv
目 錄
摘 要........................................................................................................................ i
Abstract.........................................................................................................................ii
誌 謝......................................................................................................................iii
目 錄...................................................................................................................... iv
圖 目 錄...................................................................................................................... vi
表 目 錄....................................................................................................................viii
第一章 緒論.................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 前言................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 台灣電力公司核能電廠概述......................................................................... 2
1.3 文獻回顧......................................................................................................... 8
1.4 研究過程及目標............................................................................................. 9
第二章 爐心燃料佈局設計........................................................................................ 10
2.1 執行時機....................................................................................................... 10
2.2 核燃料組成................................................................................................... 11
2.3 爐心位置對稱原則....................................................................................... 14
2.4 爐心位置旋轉與移動................................................................................... 16
2.5 設計準則....................................................................................................... 21
2.5.1 熱通道因子......................................................................................... 21
2.5.2 緩和劑溫度係數................................................................................. 22
2.5.3 硼酸濃度............................................................................................. 23
2.5.4 退出燃料燃耗限值............................................................................. 23
2.5.5 週期長度............................................................................................. 23
2.6 設計程序....................................................................................................... 23
2.7 使用工具....................................................................................................... 25
第三章 爐心燃料佈局安全分析................................................................................ 26
3.1 PWRAUTO 自動化計算系統...................................................................... 27
3.1.1 PWRAUTO 模式................................................................................ 27
3.1.2 PWR 圖形化操作介面....................................................................... 28
3.2 RPDC 自動化計算系統............................................................................... 28
3.2.1 RPDCAUTO 模式.............................................................................. 28
v
3.2.2 RPDC 圖形化操作介面..................................................................... 28
3.3 RSEC 自動化計算系統................................................................................ 29
3.3.1 RSECAUTO 模式............................................................................... 29
3.4 CDRR 自動化計算系統............................................................................... 31
3.4.1 CDRRAUTO 模式.............................................................................. 31
3.4.2 RSEC/CDRR 圖形化操作介面......................................................... 32
第四章 爐心燃料佈局設計知識庫............................................................................ 34
4.1 知識庫簡介................................................................................................... 34
4.2 知識來源及知識表示法............................................................................... 35
4.3 知識擷取....................................................................................................... 37
4.4 知識庫建立................................................................................................... 40
第五章 實驗結果與討論............................................................................................ 45
5.1 知識庫實作驗證........................................................................................... 45
5.1.1 知識庫驗證(一).................................................................................. 47
5.1.2 知識庫驗證(二).................................................................................. 49
5.1.3 知識庫驗證(三).................................................................................. 51
5.1.4 知識庫驗證(四).................................................................................. 53
5.1.5 知識庫驗證(五).................................................................................. 55
5.1.6 知識庫驗證(六).................................................................................. 57
5.1.7 知識庫驗證(七).................................................................................. 59
5.1.8 知識庫驗證(八).................................................................................. 63
5.1.9 知識庫驗證(九).................................................................................. 65
5.1.10 知識庫驗證(十).................................................................................. 67
5.1.11 知識庫驗證(十一).............................................................................. 69
5.2 實驗結果探討............................................................................................... 71
第六章 結論與未來工作............................................................................................ 73
參考文獻..................................................................................................................... 75
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圖 目 錄
圖 1、核一廠BWR4 反應器系統示意圖[1]···························································· 2
圖 2、核二廠BWR6 反應器系統示意圖[1]···························································· 3
圖 3、核三廠PWR 反應器系統示意圖··································································· 3
圖 4、龍門電廠ABWR 反應器系統示意圖[2]······················································· 4
圖 5、沸水式反應器系統示意圖[3]········································································· 4
圖 6、壓水式反應器系統示意圖[3]········································································· 5
圖 7、核子燃料及其元件構成圖[4]········································································· 6
圖 8、陶瓷結構之燃料丸[5] ···················································································· 6
圖 9、鋯合金護套之燃料棒[5] ················································································ 7
圖 10、沸水式與壓水式之核子燃料束[4]······························································· 7
圖 11、燃料組成及使用示意圖[5]··········································································· 8
圖 12、爐心燃料佈局設計及安全分析執行時機················································· 10
圖 13、爐心燃料佈局設計及安全分析執行流程················································· 11
圖 14、核燃料組件細部規格[27] ·········································································· 11
圖 15、核三廠爐心燃料束位置及IFBA 可燃耗毒物棒分布示意圖··················· 13
圖 16、燃料排列對稱原則····················································································· 14
圖 17、爐心燃料位置區域劃分············································································· 15
圖 18、依對稱原則排定之爐心配置····································································· 16
圖 19、八分之一對稱區燃料束旋轉微調示意圖················································· 18
圖 20、八分之一對稱線燃料束旋轉微調示意圖················································· 19
圖 21、四分之一對稱線燃料束旋轉微調示意圖················································· 20
圖 22、爐心燃料佈局設計流程圖········································································· 24
圖 23、爐心燃料佈局安全分析之系統關連························································· 27
圖 24、PWRAUTO 自動化程式介面操作畫面····················································· 28
圖 25、RPDCAUTO 初始數據設定······································································· 29
圖 26、RSEC 計算項目之相依性·········································································· 31
圖 27、CDRRAUTO 執行流程·············································································· 32
圖 28、RSEC 自動化程式介面-結果繪圖分析····················································· 33
圖 29、CDRR 自動化程式介面產生審查報告畫面·············································· 33
圖 30、專家系統概念圖[30] ·················································································· 34
圖 31、爐心燃料佈局設計知識庫位階································································· 36
圖 32、XIMAGE-PWR/SIMAN 程式畫面···························································· 46
圖 33、符合知識庫規則1 之條件情況································································· 47
圖 34、符合知識庫規則1 之調整動作································································· 48
圖 35、知識庫規則1 調整並改善之結果····························································· 48
vii
圖 36、符合知識庫規則2 之條件情況································································· 49
圖 37、符合知識庫規則2 之調整動作································································· 50
圖 38、知識庫規則2 調整並改善之結果····························································· 50
圖 39、符合知識庫規則3 之條件情況································································· 51
圖 40、符合知識庫規則3 之調整動作································································· 52
圖 41、知識庫規則3 調整並改善之結果····························································· 52
圖 42、符合知識庫規則4 之條件情況································································· 53
圖 43、符合知識庫規則4 之調整動作································································· 54
圖 44、知識庫規則4 調整並改善之結果····························································· 54
圖 45、符合知識庫規則5 之條件情況································································· 55
圖 46、符合知識庫規則5 之調整動作································································· 56
圖 47、知識庫規則5 調整並改善之結果····························································· 56
圖 48、符合知識庫規則6 之條件情況································································· 57
圖 49、符合知識庫規則6 之調整動作································································· 58
圖 50、知識庫規則6 調整並改善之結果····························································· 58
圖 51、符合知識庫規則7 之條件情況································································· 60
圖 52、符合知識庫規則7 之調整動作(一)··························································· 60
圖 53、知識庫規則7 調整並改善之結果(一)······················································· 61
圖 54、符合知識庫規則7 之調整動作(二)··························································· 61
圖 55、知識庫規則7 調整並改善之結果(二)······················································· 62
圖 56、符合知識庫規則8 之條件情況································································· 63
圖 57、符合知識庫規則8 之調整動作································································· 64
圖 58、知識庫規則8 調整並改善之結果····························································· 64
圖 59、符合知識庫規則9 之條件情況································································· 65
圖 60、符合知識庫規則9 之調整動作································································· 66
圖 61、知識庫規則9 調整並改善之結果····························································· 66
圖 62、知識庫規則10 之實驗比較(一)································································· 67
圖 63、知識庫規則10 之實驗比較(二)································································· 68
viii
表 目 錄
表 1、燃料束之鈾濃縮度及可燃耗毒物棒數量之組合········································ 13
表 2、RSEC 計算項目程序書對照表···································································· 30
表 3、知識法則屬性表··························································································· 44
表 4、核三廠週期N 之爐心燃料佈局設計限值··················································· 45
表 5、核三廠週期N 之新燃料束組成材料·························································· 46
表 6、電廠運轉安全範圍······················································································· 70

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