臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今已經是數位資訊在網路上大量流通的時代，且無時無刻都有大量的數位資訊被產生，目前許多訊息都是透過網路的方式公開傳播之下，公開資訊的是容易取得與複製。因此如何確保網路上公開資訊是否有複製、內容修改或再製傳播的授權，由此所應運出資訊隱藏(Information hiding)的技術。
有別於電腦螢幕上顯示的灰階影像(Grayscale image)和彩色影像(Color image)，二元影像(Binary image)廣泛應用於紙本上文字與圖片的呈現，所以本論文主要是提出針對二元影像的資訊隱藏方法，而我們所提出來的資訊隱藏方法是能夠同時應用於一般二元影像(General binary image)與半色調二元影像(Halftone binary image)。在第一個方法主要是利用計算區塊內的奇偶數，與配合我們所提出來的最佳位置計算方法，而後改變計算出的最佳位置，來控制區塊內所需要的奇偶數達到資料嵌入。第二個提出的方法主要是增加嵌入的負載量(Payload)，我們將可以嵌入資料的區塊從嵌入1個位元增加到2個位元，這裡使用計算區塊值(Block-value)，和配合第一個方法所提出的最佳位置計算方法來進行資料嵌入。
本論文我們透過計算區塊裡最佳的改變位置，並且在增加負載量後對於區塊有著最少的改變，來使得藏入資訊後的二元影像得到良好的影像品質和較高的負載量。

The prosperous development of digital information has been considered a predominant role with its enormous data producing all the time. Through the public broadcasting online, it has become easy to obtain and reproduce information nowadays. To ensure the authorization of copying, editing, or re-broadcasting regarding online public information, the technology of information hiding has been developed.

Different from grayscale image and color image shown on the computer’s screen, binary image has been widely applied on presenting not only texts but also pictures on paper. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose information hiding methods concerning binary images. The information hiding methods stated in this study can be applied both on common general binary image as well as on halftone binary image.

In our first method, with calculated odd and even numbers in certain areas and the best calculation method for locations, we can change the locations later to control necessary odd and even numbers for information storage. Our second method is to increase the inserted payload by increasing the inserted information from one bit to two bits. Through calculating block-value and applying the best location calculation addressed in the first method, information can be inserted into the system. This paper aims at calculating the best location in the areas and increasing the payload to present a better quality of binary images.

摘　要 I
Abstract II
目　錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
第一章　緒　論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章 文獻探討 3
2.1 資訊隱藏 3
2.2 二元影像 4
2.3 DHST、DHPT、DHSPT方法 5
第三章　區塊奇偶法的資訊隱藏技術 9
3.1 研究方法 9
3.2 嵌入 9
3.3 取出 18
3.4 實驗結果 19
第四章　區塊權重法的資訊隱藏技術 25
4.1 研究方法 25
4.2 嵌入 25
4.3 嵌入例外處理 31
4.4 取出 39
4.5 實驗結果 39
第五章　結論與未來工作 44
5.1 結論 44
5.2 未來工作 45
參考文獻 46
表 3-1 實驗影像的負載量與誤差率 20
表 4-1 實驗影像的負載量 40
表 4-2 實驗影像的誤差率 40
圖 2-1 資訊隱藏技術分類圖 3
圖 2-2 一般二元影像 5
圖 2-3 半色調二元影像 5
圖 3-1 嵌入流程圖 10
圖 3-2 嵌入後鋸齒狀情形 11
圖 3-3 平滑區塊 12
圖 3-4 OB 3×3，RB 5×5 13
圖 3-5 權重計算的掃描方向 14
圖 3-6 四種掃描方向的位置編號 15
圖 3-7 舉例水平方向權重計算 16
圖 3-8 完整的權重測量計算 17
圖 3-9 (a)嵌入後為全黑區塊 (b)嵌入後為平滑區塊 17
圖 3-10 舉例避免成為全黑區塊的嵌入處理過程 18
圖 3-11 取出流程圖 19
圖 3-12 512×512 的原始影像 21
圖 3-13 Fu的DHSPT與本章方法的實驗結果 22
圖 4-1 嵌入流程圖 26
圖 4-2 OB 27
圖 4-3 BWM的矩陣值 27
圖 4-4 一般狀況下最佳改變位置 30
圖 4-5 舉例一般狀況嵌入處理流程 30
圖 4-6 一般嵌入處理後變成全白區塊的特殊嵌入處理 32
圖 4-7 舉例一般嵌入處理後變成全白區塊的特殊嵌入處理過程 33
圖 4-8 一般嵌入處理後變成全黑區塊的特殊嵌入處理 35
圖 4-9 舉例一般嵌入處理後變成全黑區塊的特殊嵌入處理過程 36
圖 4-10 舉例一般嵌入處理後變成平滑區塊的特殊嵌入處理過程 37
圖 4-11 舉例BWM-1中沒有最佳的位置來減少一個黑色像素處理過程 38
圖 4-12 取出流程圖 39
圖 4-13 Fu的DHSPT與本章方法之實驗影像 41

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