臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文探討利用直驅式線性發電機，將動能直接轉換成電能，比起使用其他介質轉換能量，直驅式線性發電機效率較高。本論文中磁通密度隨時間變化的方程式，被敘述為正弦波，而感應線段長度會隨時間作變化，我們以此為基礎，建立出新式線性發電機的模擬。
本論文中會使用到有限元素分析，藉由磁通分布，纏繞線圈位置，此方法可以幫助我們決定繞線方向線圈厚度。提出新式線性發電機，改善發電效率與克服交變磁場時，鐵芯與磁鐵間的吸引力，我們以時變場中的運動導體理論，解釋該類型的線性發電機作為模擬的範例。

This study investigates direct-drive linear generators which convert the kinetic energy directly into electrical energy more efficiently than other type wave-activated generators using mediums. The time-varying magnetic flux density equations in this study are assumed to a negative sine wave and lengths of windings are time-dependent. On this basis, we establish a new linear generator simulation.
The winding position is optimized by the magnetic flux distribution using the finite element analysis and then helps us determine the direction and thickness of coil winding.
This study proposes new linear generators to improve power generation efficiency and overcome the magnetic force between magnet and iron core. We explain and simulate the proposed linear generator by moving conductor in time-varying magnetic field theory.

致 謝 i
摘 要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究目的與動機 1
1.2研究背景 1
1.2.1水壓式發電裝置 2
1.2.2氣壓式發電裝置 2
1.2.3直驅式線性發電機 2
1.3文獻回顧 3
1.4論文研究方向 5
1.5本論文架構 5
第二章 靜磁場模型 7
2.1法拉第電磁感應定律 7
2.1.1靜電場模型與靜磁場模型 7
2.1.2 史托克斯定理(Stokes’s Theorem) 8
2.2時變磁場的靜止迴路 11
2.3靜磁場中的運動導體 12
2.4時變磁場的運動迴路 14
2.5時變情況下的馬克斯威爾方程式 17
第三章 發電機模型 19
3.1時變磁場線性發電機 19
3.1.1時變磁場分布 20
3.1.2感應電動勢模擬 23
3.2多變量發電機模型 27
3.3 垂直移動位移速度 29
3.4感應線圈變化量 30
3.5磁通密度 32
3.6相對係數 35
3.7線圈纏繞方式 37
3.8磁柱長度設計 38
第四章 靜磁問題與磁場求解 40
4.1靜磁場的偏微分方程式 40
4.2無散度假說 44
4.3有限元素分析法 47
4.3.1 ANSYS簡介 48
4.3.2靜態磁場分析步驟 48
4.4 ANSYS磁路分析結果 51
第五章 壓踏式線性發電機 58
5.1原型機能量轉換效率 58
5.2壓踏式線性發電機結構 59
5.2.1壓踏式線性發電機力分析 60
5.2.2壓踏式發電機發電量實際測量 62
第六章 飛輪儲能系統 65
6.1飛輪系統簡介 65
6.2飛輪系統運作原理 66
6.3飛輪儲能系統實測結果 67
第七章 結論與未來展望 68
參考文獻 69

[1]Lorand Szabo and Claudiu Oprea, “Novel Permanent Magnet Tubular Linear Generator for Wave Energy Converter”. Electric Machines & Drives Conference, 2007. IEMDC ''07. IEEE International
[2]Oskar Danielsson and Karin Thorburn, ”Permanent Magnet Fixation Concepts for Linear Generator”. Electricity and Lightning Research Department of Engineering Sciences Uppsala University.
[3]Irina A. Ivanova, Olov ?狿ren, Hans Bernhoff, and Mats Leijon, “Simulation of Wave energy Converter with Octagonal linear Generator”, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 30(3):151–161, July 2005.
[4]Eriksson M. and J. Isberg, M. Leijon, “Hydrodynamic modeling of Direct Drive Wave Energy Converter”, International Journal of Engineering Science, 43(17–18):1377–1387, November 2005.
[5]Mats Leijon, Hans BernhoffI, Olov ?狿ren, Jan Isberg, Jan Sundberg, Marcus Berg,Karl Erik Karlsson, and Arne Wolfbrandt, ”Multiphysics Simulation of Wave Energy to Electric Energy Conversion by Permanent Magnet Linear Generator”, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 219–224, Mar. 2005.
[6]Lei Zuo, Brian Scully, Jurgen Shestani and Yu Zhou, ”Design and characterization of an electromagnetic energy harvester for vehicle suspensions”, Smart Mater. Structure, 2010. 19: pp. 1-10.
[7]Karin Thorburn, Mats Leijon, “Farm Size Comparison With Analysis Model of Linear Generator Wave Energy Converter”, Accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, May 2006.
[8]Ma Mueller and NJ Baker, “A Low Speed Reciprocating Permanent Magnet Generator for Direct Drive Wave Energy Converter”. Conference publication, power electronics Machines and Drivers, 16-18 April.
[9]J.K.H. Shek, D.E. Macpherson, M.A. Mueller and J. Xiang, ”Reaction Force Control of Linear Electric Generator for Direct Drive Wave energy Conversion”, IET Renewable Power
Generation, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 17-24, 2007.
[10]Eid, A.M., Ki Young Suh, Kwang-Ju Choi, Ho-Dong Han, Hyun-Woo Lee, Nakaoka, M., “A Unique Starting Scheme of Linear-Engine Tubular PM Linear Generator System Using Position Feedback Controlled PWM Inverter Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2006. PESC ''06. 37th IEEE
[11]M. Leijon, H. Bernhoff, O. ?狿ren, J. Isberg, J. Sundberg, M. Berg, K.-E. Karlsson, and A.Wolfbrandt, “Multi-Physics Simulation of Wave Energy to Electric Energy Conversion by Permanent Magnet Linear Generator,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 219–224, Mar. 2005.
[12]Mueller, M.A. et al., "Dynamic Modelling of a Linear Vernier Hybrid Permanent Magnet Machine Coupled to a Wave Energy Emulator Test Rig," Conference Record of the International Conference on Electrical Machines （ICEM ''2004）, Cracow （Poland）, on CD： 495.pdf, 2004.
[13]T. W. Thorpe, “An Overview of Wave Energy Technologies,” Produced for the Office of Science and Technology, AEA Tech. Rep. AEAT-3615, 1998.
[14]Carl T.A. Johnk, “Engineering Electromagnetic Fields and Waves”, New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1975. 667 p. 2002.
[15]李國定， 龔克， “電磁場理論基礎”，清華大?唹X版社，2000 .
[16]張倩，胡仁喜，康士延，電磁學有限元分析從入門到精通，機械工業出版，2010.