本論文中將提出一個應用於汽車防撞雷達前視系統的高指向性共振腔天線，操作頻段為24.025GHz~24.225GHz，主要架構由微帶型天線、部分反射平面(Partially Reflecting Surface-PRS) 以及金屬邊牆所組合而成，利用天線輻射在共振腔內進行多重反射最終達到穩定模態進而產生高增益的輻射場，在整體高度上相對於一般常用的透鏡天線(Lens Antenna)可以有大幅度的縮減。
為了彌補共振腔天線大面積的缺點，我們將會討論饋入位置偏移中心對電場分佈的影響，進而將雷達的收發雙天線置放於相同的共振腔以達到面積縮減的目的，最終比較各種去耦合電路的特性，將天線結合全波長共振器來產生抵消路徑，達到二埠之間寬頻的高隔離度特性。

In this thesis, we introduce a design of high directivity cavity antenna applied to 24GHz forward-looking collision avoidance radar system, 24.025GHz to 24.225GHz is the operating frequency. The major model is structured by patch antennas, the partially reflecting surface (PRS) and metal sidewalls. The multi-reflection of antenna radiation in the cavity is applied to reach higher gain and narrow beam, and miniaturize total height compared with the height of Lens Antennas.
Making up for the huge area of cavity antennas, we will analyze the electric field distribution affected by shifting the feeding position and then install the Rx and Tx antennas in the same cavity to reach the area miniaturization. Lastly we compare the characteristics of some different decoupling circuits. By combining the antenna and the one wave length resonator to generate another path, which cancels the antenna coupling, finally we can achieve a high isolation antenna for wide-band.

中文摘要---------------------------------------------------i
英文摘要--------------------------------------------------ii
誌謝-----------------------------------------------------iii
目錄------------------------------------------------------iv
圖目錄----------------------------------------------------vi
表目錄----------------------------------------------------ix
第一章 導論------------------------------------------------1
1.1 雷達原理-----------------------------------------------1
1.2背景與動機----------------------------------------------3
1.3文獻探討與研究利基--------------------------------------4
第二章 共振腔天線原理探討---------------------------------12
2.1多重反射模型-------------------------------------------12
2.2共振條件-----------------------------------------------14
第三章 單天線設計-----------------------------------------16
3.1饋入天線介紹-------------------------------------------16
3.2部分反射面設計-----------------------------------------20
3.3天線模擬-----------------------------------------------23
第四章 雙天線去耦合電路設計-------------------------------30
4.1雙天線距離對耦合量及場型的影響-------------------------30
4.2去耦合電路的設計與比較---------------------------------37
4.3量測結果分析-------------------------------------------44
第五章 結論-----------------------------------------------49
5.1結論---------------------------------------------------49
5.2未來工作-----------------------------------------------49
參考文獻--------------------------------------------------52
附錄-------------------------------------------------------a

[1] G. Von Trentini, "Partially reflecting sheet arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 4, pp. 666-671, Ocb. 1956.
[2] D. R. Jackson and N. G. Alex6poulos, "Gain enhancement methods for printed circuit antennas" IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 33, N.9, Sept. 1985.
[3] D. R Jackson, A. A. Oliner, and A. Ip, "Leaky-wave propagation and radiation for a narrow-beam multiple-layer dielectric structure," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 41, pp. 344-348, Mar. 1993.
[4] T. Zhao, D. R. Jackson, J. T. Williams, H.-Y. D. Yang, and A. A. Oliner, "2-D periodic leaky-wave antennas-part I: metal patch design," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, N. 11, pp. 3505 - 3514, Nov. 2005.
[5] T. Zhao, D. R. Jackson, J. T. Williams, "2-D periodic leakywave antennas-part II: slot design," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, N. 11, pp. 3515 - 3524, Nov. 2005.
[6] A. P. Feresidis, G. Goussetis, S. Wang, , Y.C. Vardaxoglou, "Artificial magnetic conductor surfaces and their application to low-profile high-gain planar antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, Issue 1, Part 1, pp. 209 -215, Jan. 2005.
[7] Y. J. Lee, J. Yeo, R. Mittra, W. S. Park, "Application of electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) superstrates with controllable defects for a class of patch antennas as spatial angular filters," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, N. 1, pp. 224-235, Jan. 2005.
[8] A. R. Weily, L. Horvath, K. P. Esselle, B. C. Sanders, T. S. Bird, "A Planar Resonator Antenna Based on a Woodpile EBG Material" IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 216-223, Jan. 2005
53
[9] G. Lovat, P. Burghignoli, F. Capolino, D. R. Jackson, D. R. Wilton, "Analysis of directive radiation from a line source in a metamaterial slab with low permittivity" IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 54, N.3, pp. 1017-1030, March 2006.
[10] R. Gardelli, M. Albani, and F. Capolino, "Array thinning by using antennas in a Fabry-Perot cavity for gain enhancement," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 54, N. 7, July 2006.
[ ] L. Moust f n B. J ko, “EBG StructureWithWide Defect Band for Broadband
C vity Ant nn Appli tions,” IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 7, pp.693-696, 2008.
[12] E. Arnaud, R. Chantalat, M. Koubeissi, C. Menudier, T. Monediere, M. Thevenot, B. J ko, ” N w ro ss of Cir ularly Polarized EBG Antenna by using
m n r Lin s”, IET Conf r n s,pp. -6,2007.
[13] F. Y ng n Y. . mii, “Mi rostrip nt nn s int gr t with l trom gn ti
band-g p EBG stru tur s: low mutu l oupling sign for rr y ppli tions,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2936-2946, Oct. 2003.
[ ] C. Y. Chiu, C. H. Ch ng, . D. Mur h, n C. . ow ll, “ u tion of mutu l
coupling between closely-p k nt nn l m nt,” IEEE Tran. Antenna Propag.,
vol.55, no. 6, pp.1732-1738, June 2007.
[15] A. Diallo, C. Luxey, P. L. Thuc, R. Staraj, G. Kossiavas , M. Franzen, and P.-S.
Kil l, “Enh n two-antenna structures for universal mobile telecommunications
syst m iv rsity t rmin ls,” IET Microwave. Antenna Propag.,pp.93-101,Feb. 2008.
[16] S.-C. Chen, Y.-S Wang, and S.-J. Chung, “A oupling t hniqu for in r sing
th port isol tion b tw n two strongly oupl nt nn s,” IEEE Tran. Antenna
Propag., vol. 56, no. 12, Dec. 2008.
[ 7] W.L. tutzm n n G. A Thi l , “Ant nn Th ory An D sign,” nded., John Wiley, New York, 1998.
54
[ 8]D vi M. oz r “Mi row v Engin ring,” nded., John Wiley, New York, 2003.
[19] High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). Ansoft Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, 2001.
[20] W. Kolosowski, E. Sedek, M. Borejko, and A. Jeziorski, “Monopuls IFF antennas,” in Microw. Radar and Wireless Communications, 2008. MIKON 2008. 17th International Conf., May 2008, pp. 1-4.
[21] 許少華，24-GHz連續調頻單脈衝技術之雷達前端電路設計與整合，碩士論文，國立交通大學，2009。