臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗係探討利用大氣電漿輔助觸媒經過自熱反應的方式重組原料並進行產生氫氣之研究。利用脈衝電漿產生滑動電弧電漿，電漿氣體為空氣、水和乙醇的混合，並操作在一大氣壓的條件下產生電漿。期望以電漿氣體高能量的特性，幫助前處理重組燃料，以提高利用觸媒產生氫氣的效率。本實驗首先分開探討觸媒產氫與滑動電弧產氫。在觸媒產氫的實驗之中，透過交通大學應用化學研究所李積琛老師及其學生協助觸媒(5 wt% Rh/CeO2)的製備，並著手探討實驗參數對效率之影響。藉由調整實驗參數達到效果最佳化，其中在低空氣流量1.0 SLM、0.7 碳氧原子比、反應氣體溫度160 ℃之條件下，最佳化的氫氣選擇比115.03%，一氧化碳選擇比66.02%，轉換率100%而效率為63%，另外，在滑動電弧電漿產氫研究中，藉由調整空氣流量、碳氧原子比和輸入功率，來達到產氫效率最佳化。滑動電弧產氫的最佳效率及其參數如下：在較高空氣流量1.5 SLM、0.7碳氧原子比、反應氣體溫度160 ℃和223瓦功率輸入之下可達到氫氣選擇比42.50%¼Œ一氧化碳選擇比68.79%，轉換率39%而效率為8%。
最後結合電漿輔助觸媒(5 wt% Rh/CeO2)產氫，在高流量下電漿可確實提升產氫效果(在空氣流量1.5 SLM、0.7 碳氧原子比、反應氣體溫度160 ℃之條件下，之下，觸媒產氫的效果降低許多: 氫氣選擇比78.65%，一氧化碳選擇比61.27%，轉換率97%而效率為48%)，電漿輔助觸媒在1.5 SLM 空氣流量、0.7 碳氧原子比、反應氣體溫度160 ℃、223瓦的功率輸出之下可達到111.20%氫氣選擇比、65.52%一氧化碳選擇比、100%轉換率，效率為58%。由以上實驗研究可知，大氣滑動電弧電漿輔助觸媒產氫相當有潛力。

In this study, the gliding arc non-thermal plasma would assist catalyst reforming ethanol into hydrogen through auto-thermal reaction. The plasma discharge gas containing high energy state ions and metastable species which may break the fuel into smaller gas molecular to assist catalyst reforming. At first, catalyst reforming and gliding arc plasma have been separately studied. On one hand, 5 wt% Rh/CeO2 catalyst reforming has optimized 115.03 % hydrogen selectivity, 66.02 % carbon monoxide selectivity, 100 % conversion rate and 63 % efficiency under 1.0 SLM air flow rate, C/O ratio 0.7 and gas temperature 160 ℃. On the other hand, the optimized plasma-alone reforming results were 42.50 % hydrogen selectivity, 68.79 % carbon monoxide selectivity, 39 % conversion rate and 8 % reforming efficiency under 1.5 SLM air flow rate, C/O ratio 0.7, gas temperature 160 ℃ and plasma absorption power 223 W.
Finally, the PAC reforming experiments were conducted at 1.5 SLM air flow rate (Under 1.5 SLM air flow rate, C/O ratio 0.7 and gas temperature 160 ℃, the catalyst reforming was 78.65 % hydrogen selectivity, 61.27 % carbon monoxide selectivity, 97 % conversion rate and 48 % efficiency), C/O 0.7, plasma absorption power 223 W and gas temperature 160 ℃ and reforming results were 111.20 % hydrogen selectivity, 65.52 % carbon monoxide selectivity, 100 % conversion rate and 58 % efficiency. In summary, the gliding arc plasma assisted catalyst (5 wt% Rh/CeO¬2) reforming is regarding as a promising technology.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
誌謝 V
TABLE OF CONTENTS VI
LIST OF TABLES VIII
LIST OF FIGURES IX
NOMENCLATURE XI
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION 1
1.1.1 Advantages of Hydrogen Energy 1
1.1.2 Disadvantages of Traditional Reforming Technologies 2
1.1.3 Plasma Assisted Reforming Technologies 4
1.1.4 Classification of Plasma Sources 5
1.1.5 Comparison between Methane and Ethanol as the Reforming Fuel 7
1.1.6 Literature Surveys of Gliding Arc 9
1.1.6.1 Plasma Power Input Types 9
1.1.6.2 Geometry and Electrode Design Consideration 9
1.1.6.3 Experimental Measurements 10
1.1.6.4 Conversion Rate and Efficiency 11
1.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE THESIS 13
CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES 15
2.1 EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY AND INSTRUMENTS 15
2.1.1 Plasma Reactor 15
2.1.2 AC Power Supply 15
2.1.3 Fuel Feeding System 16
2.1.4 Heating System 16
2.1.5 Catalyst Preparation 17
2.1.6 Experimental Instrumentations 18
2.2 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND TEST CONDITIONS 19
2.2.1 Experimental Methods 19
2.2.2 Test Conditions 20
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 21
3.1 CATALYST REFORMING 21
3.2 PLASMA REFORMING 22
3.2.1 Visual Observation of Gliding Arc 22
3.2.2 Electrical Characterization of Gliding Arc 24
3.2.3 Plasma Reforming Efficiency 25
3.2.3.1 Effect of Gas Flow Rate 26
3.2.3.2 Effect of Carbon to Oxygen Ratio 27
3.2.3.3 Effect of Residence Time 28
3.2.3.4 Effect of Input Plasma Power 29
3.3 PLASMA ASSISTED CATALYST (PAC) REFORMING 30
3.3.1 Comparison between Plasma, Catalyst and PAC Reforming 30
CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 32
4.1 SUMMARY 32
4.2 RECOMMENDATION OF FUTURE WORK 33
REFERENCES 34

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