臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討高中資賦優異學生與普通學生工作記憶之不同。研究
者以自編工作記憶測驗蒐集參與者(N = 278)在語文及空間工作記憶之表
現，並以描述統計與單因子變異數分析回答待答問題。研究結果發現：數
理資優生的語文及空間工作記憶皆優於普通學生，音樂及語文資優生的語
文工作記憶也優於普通學生。依據研究結果，研究者也提出了相關建議供
教育人員及後續研究者參考。

The purpose of this study was to explore the working memory differences between gifted/talented students and regular students in senior high schools. The participants were 278 students. A working memory test was used to evaluate students' performance of verbal and spatial working memory. The descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA was applied. Results showed that the verbal and spatial working memory of math-science talented students were superior to those of regular students. Furthermore, the verbal working memory of music talented and language talented students was better than those of regular students. Based on the findings, suggestions were made for educators and potential researchers.

摘要....................................................i
Abstract...............................................ii
目錄....................................................iii
表次....................................................v
圖次....................................................vi
附錄次..................................................vii
第一章 緒論
第一節 問題背景與研究動機.................................1
第二節 研究目的與待答問題.................................4
第三節 名詞釋義..........................................5
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 工作記憶模式之理論基礎..............................9
第二節 工作記憶在教育之意涵................................14
第三節 資賦優異者工作記憶之相關研究.........................23
第三章 研究方法
第一節 研究設計...........................................29
第二節 研究對象...........................................29
第三節 研究工具...........................................31
第四節 研究程序...........................................38
第五節 資料處理與分析......................................39
第四章 結果與討論
第一節 高中資賦優異學生與普通學生工作記憶之表現................41
第二節 高中資賦優異學生與普通學生工作記憶之差異情形............43
第三節 綜合討論............................................45
第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論...............................................49
第二節 建議...............................................50
第三節 研究限制............................................53
參考文獻..................................................55
附錄.....................................................65

表1 正式施測取樣人數分配...................................31
表2 自編工作記憶測驗架構...................................32
表3 不同回答方式在自編工作記憶測驗之t 考驗摘要表..............35
表4 工作記憶測驗因素分析摘要表..............................36
表5 工作記憶測驗內部一致性係數..............................38
表6 研究期程..............................................39
表7 不同類別學生在語文分測驗之平均數與標準差..................42
表8 不同類別學生在空間分測驗之平均數與標準差..................43
表9 不同類別學生在語文分測驗之單因子變異數分析摘要表...........44
表10 不同類別學生在空間分測驗之單因子變異數分析摘要表..........45

圖1 工作記憶模式雛型.......................................10
圖2 多成分工作記憶模式.....................................11
圖3 工作記憶發展曲線I......................................21
圖4 工作記憶發展曲線II.....................................22
圖5 語文分測驗練習題範例...................................33
圖6 空間分測驗練習題範例...................................34

附錄A 工作記憶測驗答案本...................................65
附錄B 工作記憶測驗之語文分測驗題目...........................75
附錄C 工作記憶測驗之空間分測驗題目...........................77
附錄D 專家審閱測驗意見......................................81

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