隨著資源短缺、全球暖化與環境汙染等環保問題出現，國際間相繼制訂相關法規，促使業者重視已使用過產品的回收與再製造。本研究針對製造商該選擇何種通路執行回收活動，使整體逆向供應鏈利潤可達最大化的問題進行研究，製造商擁有兩種回收通路，分別：(1)由製造商本身直接向消費者進行回收；(2)製造商透過零售商回收，並給予補償金。本研究設定製造商擁有間接(傳統)通路銷售與直接(網路)通路銷售，在雙重通路中陎臨通路衝突之問題，而此設定是否會影響回收通路的選擇；此外，回收與再製造活動是否有效減緩通路衝突對供應鏈成員的影響。製造商必頇決定直接通路價格與批發價，零售商決定間接通路價格，執行回收的一方需決定投入多少回收成本，以此建構利潤模型。研究結果顯示，製造商為回收通路最佳之選擇，由於製造商可以直接掌握製造成本的變動，以做最適當之調配，達到整體供應鏈利潤最大化；再者，投入回收活動可以有效減緩通路衝突，使通路成員利潤增加，提升整體營運效能。而直接通路接受率與再製造成本也會顯著影響價格與利潤。

In this paper, we address the problem of choosing the appropriate reverse channel structure for the collection of used products from customers. The man-ufacturer have two ways to collect the used products. Firstly, retailer collect the used products from customers to manufacturer, and manufacturer give retailer compensation every unit. Secondly, manufacturer collect used products from customers directly. The manufacture has direct channel and indirect channel to sale the product, but they will face the channel conflict. We find that manu-facturer is the best choice to collect used product, because manufacturer can control the collect cost when the remanufacturer cost is higher, so manufacturer can use less collection cost and more effective on collection. In addition, the collection active can reduce the effect of channel conflict, increase the channel member‟s profit and improve overall operation efficiency

目錄

中文摘要 II
英文摘要 III
表目錄 IV
圖目錄 V
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究架構 4
第二章 文獻回顧 6
第一節 逆物流的探討 6
第二節 多通路的探討 10
第三節 消費者通路選擇的探討 16
第三章 模型分析 19
第一節 模型情境描述 19
第二節 假設與符號說明 20
第三節 模型分析 21
第四章 數值分析 32
第一節 數值分析 32
第二節 敏感度分析 34
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 44
第一節 結論 44
第二節 未來研究方向 45
參考文獻 47

圖目錄
圖1- 1全球線上網路市場規模 2
圖1- 2研究架構 5
圖2- 1逆物流流程的活動 8
圖2- 2通路長度結構 12
圖2- 3混合通路 13
圖3- 1通路模型圖 19
圖3- 2保留價格分配 22
圖4- 1直接通路接受率與批發價影響關係圖 34
圖4- 2直接通路接受率與回收率影響關係圖 35
圖4- 3直接通路接受率與零售價影響關係圖 36
圖4- 4直接通路接受率與需求量影響關係圖 37
圖4- 5直接通路接受率與利潤影響關係圖 38
圖4- 6再製造成本與批發價影響關係圖 39
圖4- 7再製造成本與零售價影響關係圖 40
圖4- 8再製造成本與回收率影響關係圖 41
圖4- 9再製造成本與需求量影響關係圖 42
圖4- 10再製造成本與利潤影響關係圖 43

表目錄
表3- 1 符號定義與說明 21
表3- 2 NR模型最佳解 30
表3- 3 M模型最佳解 30
表3- 4 R模型最佳解 31
表4- 1 參數設定 32
表4- 2 各模型數值分析 32
表4- 3 各模型數值分析(續) 33

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三、 網路資源
American Marketing Association； AMA
http://www.marketingpower.com/content24159.php