臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本試驗以臺南區農業改良場嘉義分場所提供之120個水稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 品系為材料，除調查各品系之基本農藝性狀與產量構成要素性狀外，也以水耕栽培系統，於3-4葉齡幼苗期進行各品系地上部與根部性狀調查，包括根長、根數、根鮮重、地上部鮮重、根乾重、地上部乾重、根部鮮重/地上部鮮重、根部乾重/地上部乾重、根部鮮重/全株鮮重及根部乾重/全株乾重等特性。此外，分別於水稻幼苗期及分蘗盛期建立乾旱逆境之篩選系統: 1. 幼苗期水耕栽培系統以20% PEG (Polyethylene glycol)進行模擬乾旱逆境處理，土體栽培系統則以斷水方式；兩系統皆以逆境下，葉片凋萎指數到達7的天數，作為篩選指標，前者稱為DIR7（Days to IRRI index 7），後者稱為SDIR7（Days to IRRI index with soil culture system）。2. 分蘗盛期斷水處理，以對照品種（臺南11號）與各品系植株枯死之土體水勢值，作為篩選指標，稱為SWP（water potential of soil）。
本試驗進一步以DIR7、SDIR7及SWP 作為乾旱逆境之指標，與120個水稻品系之幼苗期與成熟期農藝性狀進行相關性分析，結果顯示DIR7 與幼苗期之根數、根平均鮮重、地上部平均乾重、根鮮重/地上部鮮重、根鮮重/全株鮮重、與成熟期之穗數及總重呈現顯著正相關；SDIR7 則與成熟期株高性狀呈顯著負相關；而SWP 與幼苗期之根長、根平均鮮重、根平均乾重及地上部平均乾重呈現顯著正相關。此外，統計分析結果也顯示DIR7、SDIR7及SWP三個不同耐旱指標間並無顯著相關性，也就是說水稻利用不同篩選系統、不同生育階段對乾旱耐受性之機制可能不同，進行耐旱選拔時，應該要明確說明其篩選系統或篩選指標。
本試驗以DIR7 耐旱指數進行不同水稻品系之耐旱性篩選，此指數與幼苗期性狀呈現顯著相關性，尤其是根部型態，顯示水耕液栽培系統可適用於幼苗期耐旱性之初步篩選，此系統可應用於耐旱相關分子標誌輔助選種之篩選。

內容.....................................................................................................頁次
中文摘要..................................................................................................Ι
英文摘要...............................................................................................III
謝致..........................................................................................................V
目錄.........................................................................................................VI
表目錄....................................................................................................VII
圖目錄.....................................................................................................IX
一、 前言....................................................................................................1
二、 前人研究............................................................................................3
三、 材料與方法......................................................................................14
四、 結果..................................................................................................19
五、 討論..................................................................................................31
六、 參考文獻..........................................................................................36
七、 附錄..................................................................................................76

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