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The purposes of this study were to explore the relationship between principal instructional leadership and teachers'' organizational citizenship behavior of the elementary schools in Pingtung County. Firstly, to understand the status of the perception of elementary school teachers about Principal Instructional Leadership and Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Secondly, to explore the difference among different school factor and personal background factors in the Principal Instructional Leadership and the Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior;Thirdly, to analyze the correlations between Principal Instructional Leadership and Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Finally, to explore the explanatory power of the Principal Instructional Leadership on Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior. This study used a questionnaire survey method. The self-designed questionnaire “The Elementary Principal Instructional Leadership & Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnairewas used for collecting the data. The samples were the teachers of elementary schools in Pingtung County. Adopting the stratified random sampling method, 37 schools were extracted as a sample. Among the totally 449 teachers samplings, 388 of them were valid, reaching a valid rate of 86.4%. All the data from the survey adopted SPSS12 for Window package software to analyze. And the data were analyzed by the following statistical methods:Mean, Standard Deviation, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson product moment correlation, and Multiple stepwise regression. Some conclusions were summarized as follows:
1. The whole Principal Instructional Leadership performance was above medium-high level. Providing the supportive teaching environment is the tactic been adopted most frequently. 2. Elementary School Teachers as a whole has a high degree of awareness of the Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior. In particular, pairs of " Respect system " a higher awareness. 3. Part-time director work of male teachers, Age more than 51 years old, Years of service for more than 26 years of teaching. "remote areas" , School scale below 12 classes teachers in Instructional Leadership of principal is higher awareness. 4. Primary part-time director, Age more than 51 years old of teacher, Years of service for more than 26 years of teaching. "remote areas"of teacher , School scale below 12 classes of teachers in Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior have a stronger awareness. 5. Elementary School Teachers awareness Principal Instructional Leadership , the higher the degree, their Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior to the higher awareness, particularly in the "Provides the supporting teaching environment" principal leadership is more significant. 6. Elementary school Principal Instructional Leadership to enhancing the Teachers'' Organizational Citizenship Behavior has a predictive power, with " Creates the student to study the opportunity " as the main predictors of Principal Instructional Leadership.
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