臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於高功率LED發光效率提高，使得LED可嘗試使用於手術燈上。相較傳統之鎢鹵素燈體積大且效率低，尤其是會將許多電能用在紅外線波段，需加以處理否則將造成病人病情惡化及醫生不適，LED則無以上之缺點。而在手術進行的過程中，會出現多種不同的照明需求，因此手術燈必須具備調整照明焦距以及範圍的功能。本研究設計一具改變照明焦距能力之LED手術燈，利用旋轉變焦透鏡來改變焦距。透鏡設計使用Tailored Freeform Method產生輪廓，此為離散之設計方式，可達到精準控制光線行進方向。並依照Edge Ray Principle設計數種目標點分佈模式，讓透鏡在旋轉過程中有不同導光方向，由此產生變焦效果，並探討其設計品質。此後，使用變焦透鏡與LED模組進行整體手術燈配光分析，最終之設計結果滿足規格中之變焦要求及IEC-60601-2-41規範中手術燈之最大照度、平坦度、照傷深度等要求。

Due to the high energy transfer efficiency, LED (Light Emitting Diode) is now considered to be a good light source of the surgical operating lamp. The usage of halogen light source in traditional surgical operating lamp has several disadvantages such as big spot size and low efficiency, and most importantly, the high intensity of the infrared ray which would cause the illness of both Doctors and patients.
It is found that during the process of surgery, illuminations for different wound depth and light field area are required, therefore, the adjustable lighting focus or spot size of surgical operating lamp could offer better operating qualities without relocate the operating lamp. In this research we design a LED surgical operating lamp which be able to change focus by rotating the lens of the surgical light. We analyze the ray paths and generate corresponding lens profile using Tailored freeform method. After analysis, we design the lens arrangement according to projection point requirement by using the edge ray principle, which could redirect the direction of the light rays when rotating the lens. This ray redirection can change the focus point of the light. Then, together with LED model, we simulate and analyze the overall lightening distribution. The final design meets both the objective of focus-changing and specifications of surgical operating lamp in IEC-60601-2-41.

目錄
摘 要 I
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究動機 6
1.4 研究方法 7
第二章 原理介紹 9
2.1 手術燈基本要求 9
2.2 幾何光學原理 12
2.2.1 折射與反射定律 12
2.2.2 電磁波傳遞理論 14
2.3 光學模擬方法 16
2.3.1 光學模擬軟體介紹 16
2.3.2 光學模擬方法 17
2.4 手術燈光學模擬內容 19
2.4.1 Central Illuminance 分析 20
2.4.2 Light Field 分析 20
2.4.3 變焦測試 21
2.4.4 Shadow dilution 分析 21
2.4.5 照傷深度分析 22
2.4.6 Depth of illumination分析 23
第三章 研究架構 25
3.1 手術燈光源配光設計 27
3.2 透鏡光學路徑規劃 30
3.2.1 圓環型手術燈透鏡光路關係式推導 34
3.2.2 透鏡輪廓面設計 38
3.2.3 目標點分佈方法 42
3.3 透鏡三維模型建立 47
3.4 光源修正 48
第四章 光學模擬 51
4.1 手術燈配光模擬 51
4.2 變焦透鏡模擬與延伸比較 53
4.2.1 變焦透鏡模擬 54
4.2.2 透鏡延伸比較 57
4.3 透鏡已知輪廓面對設計面之影響 62
4.4 直徑目標點分散設計 64
4.4.1 直徑方向等距分佈、圓周方向相同 65
4.4.2 直徑方向餘弦函數分佈、圓周方向相同 67
4.4.3 直徑方向餘弦函數分佈，圓周方向等距分佈 71
4.5 手術燈相關規格檢驗 72
第五章 結論 75
5.1 結論 75
5.2 未來展望 78
參考文獻 82

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[7] Harmony® LED Surgical Lighting and Visualization System. Available: http://www.steris.com/products/surgical-lights/harmony-led-surgical-lighting-and-visualization-system
[8] I. E. Commission, "Part 2-41: Particular requirements for the safety of surgical luminaires and luminaires for diagnosis," in Medical electrical equipment vol. IEC 60601-2-41:2000, ed, 2000