臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目的：探討三種不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角對起身動作之運動學、動力學與下肢肌電圖參數的變化情形與差異性。方法：8名健康無下肢傷痛病史之成年男性(年齡21.8±1.51歲、身高176.8±5.87公分、體重68±2.62公斤)為受試對象。使用Mega Speed Ms30k高速攝影機(100Hz)及AMTI測力板(1000Hz)各一台，以同步的方法擷取資料，並將站立動作分為伸直前期、伸直期兩個時期進行分析。影片以Kwon 3D動作分析軟體處理，經人體肢段參數(BSP)建置、參考架Kwon CC校正、直接線性轉換(DLT)及量化後取得運動學參數；測力板原始訊號利用Dasy Lab 6.0分析軟體，經濾波(filter)、模組(電壓-力量)校正得到原始三維分力，為利於比較，將力量測量值標準化(normalize)，以體重倍率(Body Wight, BW)表示；肌電訊號由Dasy Lab 6.0軟體分析股直肌、脛骨前肌、股二頭肌、腓腸肌之原始肌電訊號，經積分運算可得積分肌電值（IEMG），除以積分區間之作用時間，得出平均肌電振幅，再以最大自主收縮中間3秒之最大肌電值，進行標準化處理。所得實驗參數使用SPSS for Windows 12.0套裝軟體，以單因子重複量數變異數（α=.05）進行統計分析。結果：一、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角的動作時間、離開坐椅時間、軀幹最大前傾角度與速度、髖關節最大屈曲角度、踝關節最大背屈角度、重心水平與垂直位移達顯著差異。二、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角的峰值到達時間、平均負荷率與壓力中心（COP）左右方向偏移量達顯著差異，垂直分力峰值則未達顯著差異。三、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角起身之下肢平均肌電振幅，伸直前期股直肌、脛骨前肌、腓腸肌與伸直期脛骨前肌達顯著差異，股二頭肌均未達顯著差異。結論：直立坐姿起身的身體肢段擺動動作、速度和下肢肌肉負擔都介於兩組之間，但較容易維持身體平衡，故建議以此方式起身。不同初始坐姿軀幹傾斜角起身，對復健或健身方案的評估設計都有參考性，前傾坐姿起身是很好的下肢肌群肌力訓練，而後傾坐姿起身可以在較低的下肢肌肉負擔下，訓練身體重心的穩定性。

關鍵詞：坐姿軀幹傾斜角、站立、體重倍率

Objective: To explore the parameter variations and differences of the kinematic, the kinetic and EMG signals among three classifications of the angle of initial trunk position on the sit-to-stand movement. Methods: Eight healthy male adult without any history of lower limb pain (age 21.8±1.51years, height 176.8±5.87cm, weight 68 ± 2.62 kg) are participants. The researcher used the Mega Speed Ms30k high-speed cameras (100Hz) and one AMTI force plates (1000Hz) to simultaneously capture the required data. The sit-to-stand movement was divided into two phases, pre-extention and extentsion, and was video-taped by Kwon 3D. Through BSP, modifying Kwon CC, DLT and quantification, the parameters were obtained. Force plate signal was analyzed by Dasy Lab 6.0, and through the filter, and calibrates modular, the primitive three dimension counterforce was calculated. In order to compare, the pitch measurement was normalized and was described by body weight ratio (BW). The original EMG signals of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris long head, and gastrocnemius muscles were analyzed by Dasy Lab 6.0. The said IEMG was divided by the amassed figures of the integral action time interval; then, the average EMG amplitude was obtained; the said average EMG signal amplitude obtained was standardized by the the muscles maximum voluntary contraction EMG amplitude of the middle 3 seconds of the baseline value. The experimental parameters were analyzed by one-way measure ANOVA (SPSS for Windows 12.0, α=.05). Results: 1. There are significant differences, regarding the different angle of trunk position to the time of completion of action, the time of lift-off of the chair, the maximum trunk forward angle, the maximum trunk forward velocity, the maximum hip flexion angle, the maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle, the body of horizontal and vertical displacement of center of gravity variation. 2. There are significant differences, regarding the different angle of trunk position to peak-arising time, average load rate and the concomitant effect of diverting the pressure center; however, peak vertical force is not significant. 3. There are significant differences, regarding the different angle of trunk position to the average EMG amplitude of the lower extremities, rects femoris, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius lateral head of the pre-extension phase and tibialis anterior of extension phase; however, to beceps femoris long head, it is not significant. Conclusion: When standing up from the right sitting position, the swaying of the body segments, the velocity, and the burden of the muscle fall between the aforesaid groups; yet, it is more easily to maintain the balance. Therefore, it is suggested to stand up by this way. With respect to the recovery or the fitness program, standing up from different sitting position has its value; it is good to exercise the lower extremity muscle from the leaning-forward position; while the leaning-backward position, it is good to train for maintaining the stability of the body’s center of gravity.

Key words: the angle of trunk position, sit-to-stand, body weight ratio

目 次
中文摘要..................................................................i
英文摘要.................................................................iii
目次.....................................................................v
表次....................................................................viii
圖次....................................................................ix

壹、緒論…………………………………………..………….........01
一、問題背景……………………………………………..……….…..01
二、研究目的…………………………………………..……….……..06
三、研究範圍與限制……………………………..……………….…..07
四、研究假設…………………………………………………..….…..08
五、名詞操作性定義……………………………………………..…...09
貳、文獻探討………………………………..…………………….....…11
一、由坐到站與動作控制之相關性……………………………...…..11
二、座椅姿式的相關文獻……………………………………...……..22
三、文獻總結……………………………………………………….....29
參、研究方法與步驟………………………………………….………..…31
一、研究架構……………………………………………………….....31
二、研究對象……………………………………………………….....31
三、實驗日期與地點……………………………………..……….…..32
四、實驗儀器與設備………………………………………..…….…..32
五、實驗場地與儀器架設………………………………………….....35
六、實驗方法與步驟……………………………………………….....37
七、資料處理與統計分析………………………………………..…...47
肆、結果……………………………………….………..…………………49
一、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角對起身之運動學參數影響………..……...49
二、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角對起身之下肢動力學參數影響……….....58
三、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角對起身之下肢肌電圖參數影響….……...61
四、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角起身動作之特性分析………...…………..64
伍、討論………………………………………………………….………..67
一、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角起身之運動學分析…………………….....67
二、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角起身之下肢動力學分析……………….....72
三、不同坐姿軀幹傾斜角起身之下肢肌電圖分析……….............74
四、綜合討論……………………………………………….............77
陸、結論與建議……………………………………………………….....79
一、結論………………………………………………………….....…79
二、建議…………………………………………………….............…79
參考文獻…………………………………...…………………………......81
一、中文部分…………………………………….…………….….…81
二、外文部分…………………………………….……….………….84
附錄一、受試者須知及參與同意書…………………...………...…….…93

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