臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，由於人口的擴張造成都市蔓延（urban sprawl）的情形加劇，私人運具的持有率亦逐年增加，進而造成環境汙染，且尖峰時刻交通嚴重擁擠等惡果，而大眾運輸導向發展（Transit-oriented development, TOD）的規劃模式則可有效的解決都市交通問題，並達到節能減碳以減輕環境負荷。透過健全的大眾運輸系統，以及完善的土地使用規劃可鼓勵民眾以步行代替車輛的行駛。再者，台灣早期的道路規劃皆以車輛為主體，在人車爭道的情況下，使行人對徒步的安全性產生疑慮。故本研究欲以完善且理性之科學方法，對都市行人徒步建成環境之設計規劃模式提出合理之規劃依據，並能同時符合使用者之需求。
本研究使用多準則評估的研究方法，以解決大眾運輸導向發展下之行人徒步建成環計規劃與設計的多元與複雜性。本研究應用品質機能展開法之品質屋（House of Quality, HoQ）矩陣結合分析網路程序法（Analytic Network Process, ANP）以了解行人徒步環境設計之技術要求（Alternative Technical Requirements, ATRs）面與一般都市市民之需求（Citizen Needs, CNs）面的交互關聯性，據以建立一客觀且適當之行人徒步空間規劃及設計方案模式。本研究以新北市新店捷運站為實證研究對象，以驗證本研究所應用之研究方法的實用性。

In recent years, the urban sprawl, caused by the population expansion, make the number of the automobile rising quickly. Therefore, the pollution and the situation of the traffic jams in the rush hour become more and more seriously. To solve the problem, the transit-oriented development model has become the effective solution in priority. Through the mass transit system and the mixed use of the land, encouraging people to take walks by alternatively. Moreover, Taiwan’s planning of roads usually design for the motor vehicles and people has to walk in the high risk of danger of the roads. The purpose of this study is to improve and advance the city design of the pedestrian space meeting the needs of users and towards the full utilization of city resources with the maximum benefits.
To solve this complex problem, we use multiple criteria decision. Using the house of quality matrix (HoQ) combined with analytic network process (ANP) to realize the relation between the technical requirements and the citizen needs of the design. In this way, we can establish an objective and effective urban pedestrian space design model. To make the research more practically, we choose the MRT station of Xindian in Xinbei city.

圖次 1
表次 1
第一章 緒論
第一節 研究動機與目的 4
第二節 研究範圍 6
第三節 研究方法說明 7
第四節 研究內容與流程 9
第二章 相關文獻探討與回顧
第一節 大眾運輸導向發展模式之探討 12
第二節 建成環境對行人步行行為的影響 21
第三節 都市行人步行環境規劃設計管制準則 23
第三章 研究方法與模式建立
第一節 相關研究方法介紹 31
第二節 使用者於行人徒步環境設計需求因子評估 36
第三節 行人徒步環境設計技術要求之評選 51
第四節 結合分析網路程序法於品質機能展開模型之建構 53
第四章 實證研究及分析
第一節 實證研究之行人徒步環境介紹 59
第二節 行人徒步環境使用者需求面分析 65
第三節 建立行人徒步環境方案之品質屋矩陣 72
第四節 應用分析網路程序法於行人徒步環境設計之品質屋 81
第五章 結論與建議 97
第一節 結論
第二節 建議 100
參考文獻 101
附錄 106

1.Atkinson-Palombo, Carol and Michael J. Kuby, The geography of advance transit-oriented development in metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona, 2000–2007, Journal of Transport Geography, 2010.
2.Berke, Philip, Joseph McDonald, Nancy White, Michael Holmes, Kat Oury and Rhonda Ryznar, Greening Development for Watershed Protection: Does New Urban Make a Difference? Journal of the American Planning Association 69 (4), pp. 397-413, 2003.
3.Ball , Kylie, Adrian Bauman, Eva Leslie, Neville Owen, Perceived Environmental Aesthetics and Convenience and Company Are Associated with Walking for Exercise among Australian Adults, Preventive Medicine Vol.33, pp.434–440, 2001.
4.Calthorpe, Peter, The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Architectural Press, 1993.
5.Calthorpe, Peter and William Fulton, The Regional City. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2001.
6.Cervero, Robert and Jennifer Day, Suburbanization and transit-oriented development in China, Transport Policy Vol.15, pp.315–323, 2008.
7.Cervero, Robert and Kara Kockelman, Travel Demand and the 3Ds：Density, Diversity, and Design, Transpn Res.-D, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 199-219, 1997.
8.Cervero et al., Direct Ridership Model of Bus Rapid Transit in Los Angeles County, WORKING PAPER, 2009.
9.Clifton, Kelly J., Andréa D. Livi Smith, Daniel Rodriguez, The development and testing of an audit for the pedestrian environment, Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 80, pp. 95-110, 2007.
10.Crane, Randall, The Influence of Urban Form on Travel: An Interpretive Review, Journal of Planning Literature Vol.15, No.3, 2000.
11.Duany, Andres and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, Towns and Townmaking Housing Policies Debate 14 (4): 955-74, 1991.
12.Duany, Andres, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, Jeff Speck, Suburban Nation: The Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of American Dream. New York: North Point Press, 2000.
13.Frank LD and Engelke PO, Schmidt TL. Health and community design: the impact of the physical environment on physical activity. Washington DC: Island Press, 2003.
14.Frank LD, Schmid TL, Sallis JF, Chapman J, Saelens BE. Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured urban form. Am J Prev Med; 28 (suppl 2):117–25, 2005
15.Halden, Derek, Using accessibility measures to integrate land use and transport policy in Edinburgh and the Lothians, Transport Policy Vol.9, pp.313–324, 2002.
16.Handy, S.L., Self-selection in the relationship between the built environment and walking. Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol. 72(1), pp. 55-74, 2006.
17.Howley, Peter, Attitudes towards compact city living: Towards a greater understanding of residential behavior, Land Use Policy Vol.26, pp.792–798, 2009.
18.Humpel N et al. Environmental factors associated with adults’ participation in physical activity: a review. Am J Prev Med 22:188–99, 2002.
19.Humpel, Nancy, Neville Owen and Eva Leslie, Perceived Environment Attributes, Residential Location, and Walking for Particular Purposes, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol.26, Issue 2, pp.119-125, 2004.
20.Ishikawa, A., Amagasa, T., Tamizawa, G., Totsuta, R., and H., Mieno, The Max-Min Delphi Method and Fuzzy Delphi Method Via Fuzzy Integration, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol. 55, pp. 241-253, 1993.
21.Kelly, C.E., Tight, F.C. Hodgson and M.W. Page, A comparison of three methods for assessing the walkability of the pedestrian environment, Journal of Transport Geography, 2010.
22.Klaasen, I.T. and M. Jacobs, Relative location value based on accessibility: application of a useful concept in designing urban regions, Landscape and Urban Planning Vol.45, pp.21-35, 1999.
23.Lau, Joseph C.Y., Accessibility and the coping behaviour of the non-employed people in Hong Kong, Habitat International Vol.30, pp.1047–1055, 2006.
24.Lau, Joseph C.Y. and Chiu, Catherine C.H., Accessibility of workers in a compact city: the case of Hong Kong, Habitat International Vol.28, pp.89–102, 2004.
25.Lin,Lin and Anne Vernez Moudon, Objective versus subjective measures of the built environment, which are most effective in capturing associations with walking?, Health & Place Vol.16 , pp.339–348, 2010.
26.Loo, Becky P.Y., How would people respond to a new railway extension? The value of questionnaire surveys, Habitat International Vol.33, pp.1-9, 2009.
27.Loo, Becky P.Y., Cynthia Chen and Eric T.H. Chan, Rail-based transit-oriented development: Lessons from New York City and Hong Kong, Landscape and Urban Planning Vol.97, pp.202–212, 2010.
28.Lotfi, Sedigheh and M. J. Koohsari, Analyzing Accessibility Dimension of Urban Quality of Life: Where Urban Designers Face Duality Between Subjective and Objective Reading of Place, Soc Indic Res Vol.94, pp.417–435, 2009.
29.Lynch, K , What Time is this Place? M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, 1972.
30.Meade LM, Presley A. RandD project selection using the analytic network process. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management; 49:59–66, 2002.
31.Merom, Dafna, Promoting walking as an adjunct intervention to group cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders—A pilot group randomized trial, Journal of Anxiety Disorders Vol.22, pp.959–968, 2008.
32.Merom, Dafna. Adrian Bauman, Philip Vita and Glenn Close, An environmental intervention to promote walking and cycling—the impact of a newly constructed Rail Trail in Western Sydney, Preventive Medicine Vol.36, pp.235–242, 2003.
33.Merom, Dafna, Chris Rissel, Philayrath Phongsavan, Ben J. Smith, Cathelijne Van Kemenade, Wendy J. Brown and Adrian E. Bauman, Promoting Walking with Pedometers in the Community: The Step-by-Step Trial, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol.32, Issue 4, pp.290-297, 2007.
34.Owen, Neville, Nancy Humpel, Eva Leslie, Adrian Bauman and James F. Sallis, Understanding Environmental Influences on Walking: Review and Research Agenda, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol.27, Issue 1, pp.67-76, 2004.
35.Owen, Neville, Ester Cerin, Eva Leslie, Lorinne duToit, Neil Coffee, Lawrence D. Frank, Adrian E. Bauman, Graeme Hugo, Brian E. Saelens and James F. Sallis, Neighborhood Walkability and the Walking Behavior of Australian Adults, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol.33, Issue 5, pp.387-395, 2007.
36.Poter, Douglas, ULI on the Future-Smart Growth: Economy, Community, and Environment. Washington, D.C.: Urban Land Institute, 2002.
37.Pasaogullari, Nil and Naciye Doratli, Measuring accessibility and utilization of public spaces in Famagusta, Cities, Vol. 21, No.3, p. 225–232, 2004.
38.Reger, Bill, Linda Cooper, Steven Booth-Butterfield, Holli Smith, Adrian Bauman, Margo Wootan, Susan Middlestadt, Bess Marcus and Felicia Greer, Wheeling Walks: A Community Campaign Using Paid Media to Encourage Walking Among Sedentary Older Adults, Preventive Medicine Vol.35, pp.285–292, 2002.
39.Reger, Bill, Adrian Bauman, Linda Cooper, Tien Chey and Kenneth J. Simon, Evaluating communitywide walking interventions, Evaluation and Program Planning Vol.29, pp.251–259, 2006.
40.Reilly,Michael K., Margaret P. O’Mara and Karen C. Seto, From Bangalore to the Bay Area: Comparing transportation and activity accessibility as drivers of urban growth, Landscape and Urban Planning Vol.92, pp.24–33, 2009.
41.Rodriguez, Elizabeth M. Brisson and Nicolás Estupiñán, The relationship between segment-level built environment attributes and pedestrian activity around Bogota’s BRT stations, Transportation Research Part D, Vol. 14, pp.470-478, 2009.
42.Saelens B, Sallis JF, Black J, Chen D. Preliminary evaluation of neighborhood-based differences in physical activity: an environmental scale evaluation. Am J Public Health, 93:1152–8, 2003.
43.Samimi, Amir, Abolfazl (Kouros) Mohammadian and Seyedali Madanizadeh, Effects of transportation and built environment on general health and obesity, Transportation Research Part D Vol.14, pp.67–71, 2009.
44.Sung, Hyungun and Ju-Taek OhTransit-oriented development in a high-density city: Identifying its association with transit ridership in Seoul, Korea, Cities Vol.28, pp.70–82, 2011.
45.Trost, S.G., Neville Owen, Adrian E. Bauman, Jamws F. Sallis, and Wendy Brown., Correlates of adults’ participation in physical activity: review and update. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 34:1996–2001, 2002.
46.Calthorpe著，劉依婷譯，「跨世紀都會藍圖」，1999。
47.Berke, Philip R.等人著，薩支平譯，「都市土地使用規劃」，第五版，五南出版社，2009。
48.Dieter Peinz著，蔡燕寶譯，「圖解都市計畫」，詹世書局，2000。
49.王珮瑜，「應用設計最佳化模式於都市街道方案規劃之研究－以台北市信義路三段為例」，國立臺北大學不動產與城鄉環境學系碩士論文，2010。
50.王偉帆，生態廊道觀之都市綠園道評估架構之研究－以台南市為例，國立成功大學都市計劃學系研究所碩士論文，2008。
51.于正倫，「城市環境藝術」，博遠出版社，1991。
52.日本建築學會編，臺隆書店建築設計資料集成編輯委員會譯，「建築資料集成5」，第七版，臺隆書店，1991。
53.任雅純，「大眾運輸導向發展與住宅區位選擇－台北捷運淡水線之實證研究」，國立台北大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文，2005。
54.呂采芳，「新市區建設地區人行空間及步道系統動線配置規劃準則之研究」，國立成功大學建築學系碩士論文，2006。
55.李家儂、羅健文，「大眾運輸導向發展設計概念中步行可及性與大眾捷運系統旅次關係之初探」，都市交通季刊，第二十卷第四期，第1-14頁，2006。
56.林筑箐，「都市人口飽和程度對都市規劃之影響」，逢甲 大學都市計畫學系碩士班碩士論文，2008。
57.林楨家、楊恩捷，「都市型態對旅運需求影響之結構化分析」，運輸學刊，第十八第卷四期，第391-416頁，2006。
58.林嘉慧，「大眾運輸導向發展引導都市空間再造之策略研究」，中國文化大學建築及都市計畫研究所碩士論文，2008。
59.洪玎螢，都市中行人徒步區設置使用與環境品質關係之研究－以台中市繼光街與電子街行人徒步區為例，逢甲大學土地管理學系研究所碩士論文，2003。
60.施鴻志等人著，「都市交通計畫」，茂昌圖書，1994。
61.徐耿宏，都市社區步行空間之研究，中國文化大學建築及都市計畫研究所碩士論文，2006。
62.徐國城，「緊密都市型態之正負面效益論述：兼論對台灣城鄉空間發展之參考觀點」，土地問題研究季刊，第五卷第四期，第32-45頁，2006。
63.許巧鶯、蔡耀慶，「街道寧適性因子對步行意願影響之研究」，中華民國都市計畫學會、區域科學學會、地區發展學會聯合年會暨論文研討會，2009。
64.張新立、沈依潔，「民眾步行行為意向之研究—以台北市民為例」，運輸學刊，第十七卷 第三期，第233 -26 0頁，2005。
65.陳昭宏，「亞太港埠競爭力與核心能力指標之研究」，運輸學刊，第13卷，第一期，第1-25頁，2001。
66.陳龍安，「應用品質機能展開於產品設計程序中之結構分析」，國立成功大學工業設計所碩士論文，2002。
67.黃建勳，都會區邊緣開發大眾運輸村評估模式之研究，朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所碩士論文，2003。
68.楊恩，「緊密都市之永續性分析」，國立台北大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文，2004。
69.廖世璋，「都市設計應用理論與設計原理」，第三版，詹世書局，2008。
70.鄭滄濱，「軟體組織提昇人員能力之成熟度模糊評估模式」，國立台灣科技大學資訊管理系碩士論文， 2001。
71.趙晉緯，「人行空間綜合評估指標建立之研究」，國立台灣大學土木工學研究所碩士論文，2003。
72.蔡佳蓉，「本土化TOD 都市設計策略之研究」，國立成功大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文，2004。
73.簡龍鳳，「論永續發展概念下緊密都市之空間結構思維」，土地問題研究季刊，第四卷第二期，第16-24頁，2005。
74.鍾婧，「以大眾運輸導向都市發展理念進行捷運系統邊緣節點住宅社區之都市設計研究—以高雄捷運R3站為例」，國立成功大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文，2005。