臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文探討的議題為勞動市場求供倍數與勞動平均生產力的關係。 使用台灣2003年到2010年間依行業分的季資料, 並控制固定資本、高低技術勞工數量比及工時等變數, 我們以 GMM 來估計動態固定效果模型, 迴歸結果為求供倍數與勞動平均生產力具有負向關係, 當求供倍數下降1單位, 勞動平均生產力在工業及服務業裡分別會上升 30% 及 10.6%。 勞動市場求供倍數越小的時候, 即職缺相對找工作的人來的少, 雇主容易雇用到勞工, 但勞工不易找到工作, 此時雇主會提高雇用的門檻並有動機汰換低生產力的勞工, 所以在這個時候的勞動平均生產力相對求供倍數大的時候,會來的比較高。 本文即是在描繪勞資雙方媒合的過程, 會篩選出勞工生產力差異的現象。

This paper studies the relationship between labor market tightness and average labor productivity. In our study, labor market tightness is characterized by the ratio of job openings to the applicants. Our sample includes 18 industries in Taiwan over the period of 2003 to 2010. We employ GMM to estimate a dynamic fixed effect model to discuss the impact of labor market tightness on average labor productivity. The empirical result obtained from this study shows that the ratio is negatively related to the averagae labor productivity. When the ratio is lower, more workers are competing for one job. Firms with vacancies will pick up the most productive workers from the job seekers. As a result, average labor productivity will be enhanced.

1 緒論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .1
2 文獻回顧 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 5
3 實證模型與方法. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 9
3.1靜態固定效果模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
3.2動態固定效型模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4 資料來源及處理. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 15
4.1資料頻率調整. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.2行業分類調整. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.3變數統計特性. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5 實證結果 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 22
5.1靜態固定效果模型實證結果 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.2動態固定效果模型實證結果 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.3穩健的實證結果 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
6 結論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
參考文獻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
附錄 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

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