臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著網路的快速發展，人們的生活腳步越來越依賴無線網路，高速的傳輸效率(transmission efficiency)及穩定的品質成了人們最重視的指標之一，然而在無線網路環境下工作站之電力來源大多使用電池，因此電源相當珍貴，除了考量提升傳輸效率，以及如何讓通訊設備更節能省電，成了目前人們討論的重要議題之一。

在無線網路的拓樸環境中，我們可以依據是否需要經過中繼站來區分，將無線網路分類為單跳躍(Single-hop)和多跳躍(Multi-hop)兩種。單跳躍的無線網路在傳輸及電源管理方面，架構較為簡單，過去已有許多研究，而多跳躍的無線網路則較難設計，也相對較為複雜，往往在考量電源管理機制時的同時，工作站之間容易發生隱藏節點問題(Hidden Terminal Problem)或節點曝露問題(Exposed Terminal Problem)，進而導致更多的封包碰撞(packet collision)，使得能源無法有效地利用，目前相關研究也較少，因此若無一個良好的排程機制，多跳躍無線網路環境下的省電是無法達成的。

本篇論文提出一種用於多跳躍環境下的免競爭式工作站通訊指配演算法(Contention-Free Station Communication Matching Algorithm，CFSCM)，這個方法是以清單排程(List-based Scheduling)搭配分時多工存取(Time-Division Multiple Access，TDMA)技術為基礎，藉此避免工作站之間發生碰撞，並利用多通道(Multi-Channels)以及本論文提出的工作站與通道配對方法來增加傳輸效能，讓整個系統在同一時槽內(time slot)，除了預定排程中的工作站可以運作外，還可以有額外多個工作站同時運作，提高並行傳輸的機會，對於目前無法運作的工作站，此演算法便設計使其進入休眠模式來達到節能的目的。模擬結果顯示出本論文的方法在傳輸效率及電源管理方面，與其他過去提出的方法比較相對顯得優異，能夠讓電源有效利用，提升整體網路傳輸效率的目的。

With the rapid development of Internet Application, people’s daily life is dependent on wireless networks increasingly. High traffic of transmission efficiency and stable quality has become one of the most important indicators, and environmental issues are also much attention in recent years. How to improve the network performance and use the energy well has become an important topic in wireless communication research.

The wireless network topology can be divided into the single-hop and the multi-hop wireless networks. Designing the transmission and power management mechanism is easy for single-hop wireless networks. Much research has been developed in the past. However, designing the mechanism for the multi-hop wireless networks is more difficult and complex than the single-hop one and less research has involved in it. The great challenge to design the power management mechanism for the multi-hop wireless networks is the Hidden Terminal Problem and the Exposed Terminal Problem. Therefore, designing a good scheduling mechanism to save the energy must solve those two problems at first.

This paper proposes a “Contention-Free Station Communication Matching Algorithm (CFSCM)”. It is a list-based scheduling method similar to the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access). The main feature of this method is to avoid collision between stations. Multi-channels are used to enhance the network throughput. The CFSCM algorithm can schedule the maximal number of active stations to transfer data at the same time slot to enhance bandwidth utilization. Those stations which do not be scheduled will enter the power-saving mode to save energy. The proposed algorithm can enhance the network throughput and save the energy wasted in idle listening. The simulation results show that CFSCM algorithm is better than the standard and some existing methods on the throughput and the power-saving.

目錄
摘要 .............. i
Abstract .............. ii
誌謝 .............. iii
表目錄 .............. v
圖目錄 .............. vi
第一章 簡介 .............. 1
1.1 研究背景 .............. 1
1.2 研究動機 .............. 3
1.3 研究方法 .............. 5
1.4 論文架構 .............. 7
第二章 文獻探討 .............. 8
2.1 IEEE 802.11標準概述 .............. 8
2.2 多通道存取技術 .............. 12
2.3 分時多工存取技術 .............. 13
2.4 競爭式無線網路通訊協定 .............. 19
第三章 免競爭式傳輸指配排程演算法 .............. 23
3.1 初始化階段 .............. 23
3.2 傳輸階段 .............. 26
3.3 完整範例流程 .............. 29
3.4 CFSCM 演算法 .............. 34
3.5 CFSCM 與 CA 演算法之通訊數量比較分析 .............. 39
第四章 模擬結果與分析 .............. 44
4.1 模擬環境 .............. 44
4.2 模擬分析 .............. 47
4.3 模擬結 果總模擬結 果總 .............. 64
第五章 結論與未來展望 .............. 69
參考文獻 .............. 70
Extended Abstract .............. 72
簡歷 (CV) .............. 77

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