臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文試圖探索童妮‧摩里森的《最藍的眼睛》，透過書中黑人社群裡的代表人物：琵可拉、寶琳‧哺愛以及克洛蒂亞‧麥克提爾等，藉由他們彼此之間的緊張關係，進而檢視黑人的慾望、夢想及掙扎的再現問題。因此，本論文將以米歇爾‧傅柯的三大概念做為分析基礎，著重於黑人的發聲、再現、認同、壓迫與抵抗等議題。第一、規訓的概念；第二、權力／知識的概念；第三、瘋狂的概念。首先，本文以一九七五年所出版《規訓與懲罰》為主要的分析框架，利用規訓的概念，探究小說中做為受害者的琵可拉，並且分析監獄制度及美體產業所形成的集體意識。第二、藉由傅柯對於權力／知識的批判，我們了解到傅柯的論述具備某種洞察力，進而闡述那些令人無法解釋且不平等的社會現象，也就是早已存在的西方真實。知識乃是由權力關係中所生產出來的，反之亦然；當人們擁有權力／知識中任何一項時，也就等同於握有了論述的權力以及闡釋世界的能力。最後，藉由琵可拉的瘋癲案例裡，透過琵可拉的瘋狂對話，探究沉默及癲狂在社會中是如何被操弄的。此外，本論文會在傅柯論述的範疇裡，加上後殖民主義的方法論，用來檢視瘋癲，是如何銘刻在整個俄亥俄州的社會裡。事實上，黑人女孩的瘋癲及沉默可視為是黑人的解放空間。也就是說，經過重新解讀琵可拉的癲狂，以及透過哲學層面上的闡述，可以覺察到歐洲中心主義下所被建構的歷史，仍然存在著尚未發掘出的秘密。透過權力及瘋狂的分析下，將可描繪出小說中所存在的內外勢力，同時，藉由琵可拉、克洛蒂亞以及其他人，來做為壓迫和抵抗的發聲機制，令幾乎寂靜的隱秘真實，進而使其發聲。

This thesis attempts to explore tension existing in Pecola, Pauline Breedlove and Claudia MacTeer by examining their representation of blacks' desire, dreaming and suffering in The Bluest Eye. This thesis will be divided into three chapters with a main focus on the blacks' articulation, representation, identity, oppression and resistance within the Foucauldian terms: firstly, the notion of discipline; secondly, the notion of power/knowledge; and thirdly, the notion of madness. To begin with, within the framework of Discipline and Punish (1975), I will examine the notion of discipline to explore the victim—Pecola and the collective consciousness as represented by the carceral society and beauty industry. Secondly, along with Foucault's critique of power/knowledge, we can understand that his critical insight serves to interpret the unexplainable and unequal phenomenon: always already Western reality. Knowledge is produced in the relations of power, and vice versa. When people hold either knowledge or power, people also hold the power of discourse and of interpretation of the world. Lastly, I am interested in the concept of madness revealed in the case of Pecola, and I also focus on the operations of silence and madness as demonstrated in Pecola's insane dialogue. Chapter IV demonstrates the range of Foucauldian terms and post-colonist approaches that are employed to examine madness inscribed in the whole society, Ohio. The black girl's madness and silence could be read as an emancipation space and survival for black community. By rereading Pecola's madness on a philosophic level, we can find out that there are constantly undiscoverable secrets under the constructed Euro-centric history. And this analysis of power and madness will portray those internal and external forces as the instrument of oppression and resistance through Pecola, Claudia and others; namely, all these characters let the almost silent voice of the hidden truth speak.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................ii
Abstract in Chinese ....................................................................................................iv
Abstract in English.......................................................................................................v
Chapter I Introduction
..............................................................................................................1
Chapter II The Notion of Discipline: The Carceral System and Beauty Industry
............................................................................................................15
Chapter III The Notion of Power/Knowledge: Representation and Identity
............................................................................................................37
Chapter IV The Notion of Madness: Oppression and Resistance
............................................................................................................61
Chapter V Conclusion
..........................................................................................................84
Works Cited................................................................................................................90

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