本論文之目的主要在探討銀行市占率對銀行風險的影響，並且更進一步分析銀行治理特定變數，是否會影響銀行市占率與風險的關係。本研究所採用的資料來自台灣經濟新報(TEJ)資料庫，以1996至2009年為研究期間，蒐集台灣32家樣本銀行，共得到397個樣本數。基礎模型的結果顯示，以逾期放款比率為風險的衡量時，銀行市占率可有效減低銀行風險。即當銀行市占率愈高時，銀行對放款進行篩選的意願愈高，所以放款品質愈佳，銀行風險會愈低；以資本適足率為風險的衡量時，結果顯示銀行市占率無法有效減低銀行風險，應該是當銀行市占率愈高時，由於放款品質愈佳，導致自有資本的提存愈低的關係，才使得資本適足率愈低，銀行風險上升。衍生模型－以逾期放款比率為風險的衡量下，結果顯示董監事持股率、控制持股、外國法人持股比例對銀行市占率與逾放比率之影響呈現負向關係，以資本適足率為風險的衡量下，結果顯示董監事持股率、控制持股、外國法人持股比例對銀行市占率與資本適足率之影響呈現正向關係，表示當董監事持股率、控制持股、外國法人持股比例增加，將增加銀行市占率降低風險的效果；席次股份偏離差、交叉持股結構對銀行市占率與逾放比率之影響呈現正向關係，席次股份偏離差、交叉持股結構對銀行市占率與資本適足率之影響呈現負向關係，表示當席次股份偏離差愈大、有交叉持股結構之情形，將減少銀行市占率降低風險的效果。衍生模型中本國政府機構持股比例對銀行市占率與逾放比率之影響呈現正向關係，對銀行市占率與資本適足率之影響呈現負向關係，應該是本國政府機構持股比例愈高的銀行為了配合政府提供政策性放款，導致風險提高。

The main purpose of the study is to investigate the risk of marketing share on the impact of the bank. Further analysis of specific variables including bank management will affect the relationship between bank marketing share and risk. The study adopted data from the Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ) database from 1996 to 2009 and collected samples of Taiwan's 32 banks, and 397 samples were obtained. The result of the basic model showed that when NPL ratio was measured by the risk, banks can effectively lower the marketing share of banking risk. When the bank marketing share is higher, the higher the banks will loan selectively. When the loans have better quality, the risk of the bank will be lowered. When the capital adequacy ratio of the risk is measured, the results indicated that banks cannot effectively reduce the risk. When the bank marketing share is higher, the better quality of the loans will be, which leads to lower equity capital of the escrow relationship and makes lower capital adequacy ratio. Derivative model, an NPL ratio of the risk measure, suggest board ownership rate and control ownership. The proportion of foreign institutional ownership share of banks with NPL ratios of a negative relationship with capital adequacy rate risk measure, the results show that board ownership rate and control ownership, the proportion of foreign institutional ownership share of banks with capital adequacy ratio has positively related effect. It is said that when board ownership rate, control ownership, the proportion of foreign institutional ownership increases, will increase the effect of bank marketing share, reduce risk. Seats in the shares of deviation from the poor, cross-shareholding structure of banks NPL ratio of market share are positively related. Seats deviated from the difference between shares, cross-shareholding structure of the banking market share and impact of capital adequacy ratio of a negative relationship. It deviated from the poor when the larger share of seats, a cross-shareholding structure of the situation, will reduce the risk of reducing the effect of bank marketing share. Derived from the model, the proportion of national government agencies holds non-performing loan ratio of bank marketing share. The effect was positively related to the banking marketing share .The impact of capital adequacy ratio of a negative relationship should be the proportion of national government agencies. The higher the bank support the government to provide policy loans leads to increased risk.

目 錄

頁次
第一章 緒論………………………….………………..……………..1
第一節 研究背景與動機………………….……………………..1
第二節 研究目的………………….………………………….….5
第三節 研究流程………………….……………………………..6
第二章 國內金融產業發展現況……………………..………...…....7
第一節 金融改革政策之推行……………………………...…....7
第二節 金融業務概況……………………………………..…...15
第三節 公司治理與銀行風險的關聯性……………………….20
第三章 文獻回顧………………………………………..……..…...22
第一節 銀行競爭與風險的相關文獻……………………..…...22
第二節 銀行治理、監管和風險承擔的相關文獻………..…...28
第三節 研究假說……………..………………..……………….34
第四章 研究設計……………………………………………..…….38
第一節 實證模型……………………………………………….38
第二節 研究變數……………..………………..……………….40
第三節 資料來源與樣本期間………..…………..…………….49
第四節 敘述統計分析………………..………..……………….52
第五章 實證結果與分析………………………………………..….54
第一節 銀行市占率及財務變數對風險的影響……………….54
第二節 銀行治理變數和銀行市占率交乘項對風險的影響….56
第六章 結論與建議…………………….…………………………..62
第一節 結論………………………...…………………………..62
第二節 研究限制及建議……………...………………………..64
參考文獻…………………………………………………………….67

參考文獻
A.中文
1. 王郁丹。(2006)。「金融控股績效評估-以本國上市櫃公司為例」。
銘傳大學應用統計資訊所碩士論文。
2. 行政院金融監督管理委員會。網址: http://www.fscey.gov.tw/。
3. 中央銀行網站。網址: http://www.cbc.gov.tw。
4. 中央存款保險公司網站。網址: http://www.cdic.gov.tw/。
5. 中華公司治理協會網站。網址: http://www.cga.org.tw/。
6. 毛盛杰。(2006)。「新巴塞爾協定對銀行經營效率的影響－以三
大風險為例」。東吳大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
7. 吳孟紋。(2000)。「銀行業最終股權結構與CAMELS之關係」。
東吳大學國際貿易學系碩士班碩士論文。
8. 吳淑真。(2008)。「銀行多角化對財務績效的影響－以台灣地
區銀行業為例」。國立台北大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
9. 李文惠。(2001)。「公司治理的角度看銀行風險承擔問題之研
究」。國立中山大學財務管理學系研究所碩士論文。
10. 李欣穎。(2002)。「銀行競爭與銀行獲利－跨國之實証研究」。
政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。
11. 沈中華。(2001)。台灣金融業真正的難處：不再過多的銀行，
而是過剩的產能。「工商時報」，民國90年3月25日。
12. 沈中華。(2006)。銀行集中度的影響及海外擴展策略。「今日
合庫」，37:2。
13. 周朝崇。(2001)。「台灣商業銀行合併後經營績效之研究」。
大葉大學事業經營研究所碩士論文。
14. 林宜嫻。(1997)。「本國銀行的股權結構與風險承擔關係之研
究」。國立交通大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
15. 洪得凱。(2010)。「交叉持股對公司治理機制之影響－以力霸
集團企業事件為例」。逢甲大學會計學系碩士班碩士論
文。
16. 高蘭芬、陳振遠、李焮慈。（2006）。資訊透明度及席次控制
權與現金流量權偏離對公司譏笑之影響－以台灣電子業
為例。「台灣管理學報」，6(2): 81-104。
17. 陳沖。(2005)。「 overbanking，真的over了嗎？法國狼與貓頭
鷹－陳沖的金融觀與世界觀」。台北市：聯經出版社。
18. 陳昱瑋。(2009)。「探討銀行購併後組織與人力之整合－以個
案銀行為例」。靜宜大學管理碩士在職專班碩士論文。
19. 黃思嘉。(2000)。「股權結構與組織策略對銀行信用風險之衝
擊」。國立中央大學財務管理研究所碩士論文。
20. 張雅琳。(2003)。「我國企業獨立董事機制與經營績效之關聯
性研究」。大葉大學會計資訊學系碩士班碩士論文。
21. 新華網網站。網址: http:/ /big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/
news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2010-10/25/c_12696036.htm。
22. 劉景中。(2009)。銀行集中度、銀行市場競爭度與銀行風險－
臺灣實證研究。「經濟論文」，中央研究院經濟研究所，
37：1，101-135。
23. 鄭錦榮。(2006)。「銀行業之風險承擔、財務績效與公司治理
之關聯性研究」。國立雲林科技大學財務金融系碩士論
文。
24. 薛健宏。(2008)。董監持股、盈餘平穩化與公司風險之關連性
研究。「會計評論」，第四十六期：107-130。

B.英文
1. Amihud, Y., and B. Lev.(1981). Risk reduction as a managerial motive for conglomeratemergers. The Bell Journal of Economics 12 (Autumn): 605-617.
2. Anderson, R. C., and D. R. Fraser.(2000). Corporate control, bank risk taking, and thehealth of the banking industry. Journal of Banking and Finance 24 (August):1383-1398
3. Anderson, R. C., and D. M. Reeb.(2003). Founding-family ownership and firm performance: evidence from the S&P 500 Journal of Finance 58: 1301-1328
4. Berger AN, DeYoung R, Flannery MJ, Lee D, Oztekin O.(2008).How do large banking organizations manage their capital ratios? J Financ Serv Res 34:123–149
5. Boyd, J. H. and G. De Nicolo.(2005). The Theory of Bank Risk-Taking and Competition Revisited. Journal of Finance, 60: 1329–1343.
6. Boyd J, De Nicolo G, Jalal AM.(2006).Bank risk taking and competition revisited: New theory and evidence,IMF Working paper, WP/06/297
7. Boyd, J. H. and Graham, S. L.(1986). Risk, Regulation, and Bank Holding Company Expansion into Nonbanking, Quarterly Review(Spr): 2-17.
8. Brewer III, Elijah and Marc R. Saidenberg.(1996). Franchise value, ownership structure, and risk at savings institutions. Working Paper, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
9. Buser, S. A., A. H. Chen, and E. J. Kane.(1981). Federal deposit insurance, regulatorypolicy, and optimal bank capital. The Journal of Finance 36 (March): 51-60.
10. Carletti, Elena, Hartmann, Philipp.(2003). Competition and stability: What's special about banking? In Mizen, Paul (Ed.), Monetary History, Exchange Rates and Financial Markets: Essays in Honor of Charles Goodhart. Edward Elgar. Mannheim
11. Casson, M.(1999). The Economics of the Family Firm, Scandinavian Economic History Review 47: 10-23
12. Cebenoyan, A. S., E. S. Cooperman, and C. A. Register.(1995). Deregulation, reregulation,equity ownership, and S&L risk-taking. Financial Management 24 (Autumn): 63-76.
13. Cebenoyan, A. S., E. S. Cooperman, and C. A. Register.(1999). Ownership structure,charter value, and risk-taking behavior for thrifts. Financial Management 28 (Spring):43-60.
14. Cetorelli, N.(2001). Competition among Bank: Good or Bad. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Economic Perspectives, 25: 38–48.
15. Chaganti, R. S., V. Mahajan, and S. Sharma.(1985). Corporate board size, composition, and corporate failures in retailing industry. Journal of Management Studies 22 (July):400-417.
16. Chami, R.(1999). What’s Different about Family Business? Working Paper,University of Notre Dame and International Monetary Fund.
17. Chen, C. R., T. L. Steiner, and A. M. Whyte.(1998). Risk-taking behavior and managementownership in depository institutions. The Journal of Financial Research 21 (Spring):1-16.
18. Claessens, S., Djankov, S., Fan, J. and Lang, L.(2002).Disentangling the incentive and entrenchment effects of large shareholdings. Journal of Finance, 57: 2741-2772.
19. Demsetz R, Saidenberg MR, Strahan PE.(1996). Banks with something to lose: the disciplinary role of franchise value. Fed Reserve Bank N Y Econ Policy Rev 2(2):1–14
20. De Nicolo G, Loukoianova E.(2006).Bank ownership, market structure, and risk, Unpublished WorkingPaper, International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.
21. DeYoung, R.(1994). Fee-Based Services and Cost Efficiency in Commercial Banks, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Proceedings: Conference on Bank Structure and Competition.
22. De Young, R., and Roland, K. P.(2001). Product Mix and Earnings Volatility at Commercial Banks: Evidence from a Degree of Total Leverage. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 10(1), 54.
23. Feldman, R., and Schmidt, J.(1999). Noninterest Income: A Potential for Profits, Risk Reduction and Some Exaggerated Claims. Fedgazette:20-21
24. Galloway, T. M., W. B. Lee, and D. M. Roden.(1997). Bank’s changing incentives andopportunities for risk taking. Journal of Banking & Finance 21 (April): 509-527.


25. Gorton,G., and R. Rosen.(1995). Corporate control, portfolio choice, and the decline of banking. The Journal of Finance 50 (December): 1377-1420.
26. Hayden E., D. Porath, and N. v. Westernhagen .(2007). Does Diversification Improve the Performance of German Banks? Evidence from Individual Bank Loan Portfolios. Journal of Financial Research, Vol. 32, No. 3: 123-140.
27. Hellmann, T., Murdock, K.C., Stiglitz, J.E.,.(2000). Liberalization, moral hazard in banking, and prudential regulation: are capital requirements, enough? American Economic Review, 90: 147–165.
28. Jensen, M. C.(1993). The modern industrial revolution, exit, and the failure of internal control systems. The Journal of Finance 48 (July): 831-880.
29. Jimenez G, Lopez J, Saurina J.(2007). How does competition impact bank risk taking? Working Paper, Banco de Espana.
30. Jone,Y and S. M. Miller.(2001). Bank concentration and performance. Working Paper, Central Michigan University.
31. Keeley, M. C.(1990). Deposit insurance, risk, and market power in banking. The American Economic Review 80 (December): 1183-1200.
32. Klaus Schaeck, Martin Čihák, Simon Wolfe.(2006). Are More Competitive Banking Systems More Stable? IMF Working Paper.
33. Konishi M., and Y. Yasuda.(2004). Factors affecting bank risk taking: Evidence from Japan. Journal of Banking & Finance 28 (January): 215-232.
34. Kwan, S.(1998). Securities Activities by Commercial Banking Firms' Section 20 Subsidiaries: Risk, Return, and Diversification Benefits. Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Working Paper,98-10.
35. Laeven, L. and R. Levine.(2007). Is There A Diversification Discount in Financial Conglomerates? Journal of Financial Economics Elsevier, vol. 85(2) :331-367.
36. Lawrence, J. R.(1999). Banks' Payments-Driven Revenues. Economic Policy Review(Jul): 53-70.
37. Luc Laeven and Ross Levine.(2009). Bank governance, regulation and risk taking. Journal of Financial Economics 93 (2009) : 259–275.
38. Marcus,A. J.(1984). Deregulation and bank financial policy. Journal of Banking & Finance: 557-565
39. Pilloff, S. and S. Rhoades.(2002).Structure and Profitability in Banking Markets. Review of Industrial Organization, 20, 81–98.
40. Pound, J.(1988). Proxy contests and the efficiency of shareholder oversight. Journal of Financial Economics 20 (January-March): 237-265.
41. Rogers, K. E.(1998). Nontraditional Activities and the Efficiency of US Commercial Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance 22(4): 467-482.
42. Rogers, K., and Sinkey Jr, J. F.(1999). An Analysis of Nontraditional Aactivities at U.S. Commercial Banks. Review of Financial Economics, 8(1), 25.
43. Ross, S. A.(1989). Institutional markets, financial marketing, and financial innovation. The Journal of Finance 44 (July): 541-556.
44. Saunders, A., E. Strock, and N. G. Travlos.(1990). Ownership structure, deregulation, and bank risk taking. The Journal of Finance 45 (June): 643-654.
45. Schaeck K, Cihak M, Wolfe S.(2006).Are more competitive banking systems more stable? Unpublished Working Paper No. 143, International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.
46. Shen, Chung-Hua.(2003). Does bank concentration affect bank performance? Working Paper, National Chengchi University.
47. Simpson, W. G., and A. E. Gleason.(1999). Board structure, ownership, and financial distress in banking firms. International Review of Economics & Finance 8: 281-292.
48. Smirlock, M.(1985). Evidence on the (Non) Relationship between Concentration and Profitability in Banking. Journal of Money,Credit, and Banking,17,69-83.
49. Stiroh, K. J.(2002). Diversification in Banking, Is Non-interest Income the Answer? Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports No.154.,
50. Stiroh, K. J.(2003). Revenue Shifts and Performance of U.S. Bank Holding Companies. The Evolving Financial System and Public Policy. Proceeding of a Conference Held by Bank of Canada, Ottawa Ontario: Bank of Canada.
51. Stiroh, K. J., and Rumble, A.(2006). The Dark Side of Diversification: The Case of US Financial Holding Companies.Journal of Banking and Finance, 30(8), 2131-2161.
52. Thorsten, Beck , Asli Demirgüç-Kunt and Ross Levine.(2005). Bank Concentration, Competition, and Crises: First Results. Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 30, No. 5:1581–1603.
53. Zeckhauser, R. J. and J. Pound.(1990). Are Large Shareholders EffectiveMonitors? An Investigation of Share Ownership and Corporate Performance, in Glenn Hubbard, Ed. Asymmetric Information Corporate Finance and Investment.Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 149-180.