臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究採集天然水樣為供應大台中地區飲用水水源的德基水庫，利用DAX-8樹脂將原水樣品分離成五種有機成分，分別為腐植酸(10.8%)、黃酸(25.4%)、疏水性中性物質(23%)、疏水性鹼性物質(4.1%)和親水性物質(34.9%)。磁性Fe3O4/SiO2/CoOx催化顆粒利用溶膠凝膠法製成應用於催化臭氧反應上。而顆粒上的pHpzc 為 1.87，一開始先利用商業性腐植酸作為降解對象，找出在不同的pH值上的最佳降解效果。在pH 4時，比較於臭氧反應，催化臭氧反應有明顯的降解效果，而所得到的Kd值為0.214(s-1)。香豆素作為捕捉氫氧自由基的物質，也是觀察在催化臭氧反應下氧化直接與間接反應的途徑，實驗數據顯出直接/間接的比率為37/63在pH 4的條件之下，而pH 7時為39/61，pH 10 29/71。催化臭氧反應在降解腐植酸的數據A254，在pH 4為88.6%，在pH 7為82.6%，在pH 10為81.8%。催化臭氧反應其在酸、中、鹼都以間接氧化反應為主。

This study collected natural water samples from Te-Chi Reservoir which provides the water source to the metropolitan Taichung area. The organic contents of raw water sample were extracted and classified into hydrophobic neutrals (HPON, 23%), humic acids (HAs, 10.8%), fulvic acids (FAs, 25%) hydrophobic bases (HPOB, 4.1%) and hydrophilic fractions (HPI-F, 34.9%). Magnetic Fe3O4/SiO2/CoOx was synthesized by sol-gel methods as catalysts in ozonation. The catalysts was indicated with the pHzpc of 1.87. Initially, decomposition of commercial humic acid in different pH levels, (pH 4, 7 and 10) was investigated. The acidic condition was found have high decomposition rate (Kd, 0.214 S-1). The coumarin as a hydroxyl radical scavenger was investigated the contribution of direct/indirect oxidation mechanisms in deionized water by sole ozonation and catalytic ozonation in different pHs. Experimental data indicated the contribution of direct/indirect reactions were 37/63% in pH 4, 39/61% in pH 7 and 29/71% in pH 10 by catalytic ozonation, respectively. The indirect oxidation would be the major reaction mechanisms in the catalytic ozonation. The catalyst ozonation reduction rates of A254 are 88.6% (pH 4), 82.6 (pH 7) and 81.8% (pH 10), which is significantly improved than that of ozone alone systems.

摘要............................................…………………………....……….....I
Abstract II
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Objective...........................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Natural Organic Matters (NOMs) in reservior 5
2.2 The characteristic of disinfection by-products (DBPs) 7
2.3 Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) 10
2.4 Ozone reaction 12
2.5 Catalytic ozonation 16
2.6 Homogeneous catalytic ozonation 17
2.7 Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation 20
2.7 Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation 20
2.7.1 Mechanism 21
2.7.2 Mesoporous 27

CHAPTER 3 MATERIAL AND METHODS 29
3.1 Experiment Framework 29
3.2 Sample Preparation and Fractionation Procedures 31
3.2.1 Sampling Site and Preservation 31
3.2.2 Extraction procedure 32
3.3 Analysis Method 38
3.3.1 Absorbance at Wavelength of 254 nm (A254), Dissolved Organic 31
3.3.2 Disinfection By-Product Formation Potential (DBPFP) Study 32
3.3.3 Trihalomethanes (THMs) 42
3.4 Ozonation and Catalytic Ozonation System 45
3.5 The preparation of magnetic catalysts 48
3.5.1 Preparation of Fe3O4 48
3.5.2 Preparation of Fe3O4/SiO2 48
3.5.3 Preparation of Fe3O4/SiO2/CoOx ......……...…………………48
3.6 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (CPMAS 13C NMR) 50
3.6.1 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) 50
3.6.2 Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (CPMAS 13C NMR) 50
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISSCUSION 52
4.1 The Characteristic of Te-Chi Reservoir 52
4.1.1 Water quality of Te-Chi Reservoir 52
4.1.2 The organic fractions ratio in NOMs of Te-Chi Reservoir 55
4.1.3 The SUVA for Raw Water and Five Extracted Organic Fractions 59
4.2 The characteristics of the assembled catalysts 62
4.3 The decomposition of A254 in different pHs 68
4.4 The dosage catalysts 86
4.5 The functional groups profile of NOMs in different AOPs 87

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 91
5.1 Conclusions 91
5.2 Suggestions 92
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