臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主旨為探討非離子型界面活性劑Tergitol 15-S-9及15-S-30對聚乙烯吡咯烷酮( poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)，PVP )與聚丙烯酸( poly(acrylic acid)，PAA )兩高分子所形成之分子間複合物之影響。
PVP會藉由吡咯烷酮基與PAA上羧酸形成氫鍵，進而形成疏水性之PVP/PAA高分子複合物，將界面活性劑加入系統時，因界面活性劑與高分子間交互作用力，降低PVP與PAA形成之氫鍵鍵結數目，造成PVP/PAA疏水性下降。非離子型界面活性劑與PVP和PAA間同樣藉由烷基鏈段之疏水作用力，然而Tergitol系統親水端為EO鏈段，在部分系統可與PAA形成氫鍵而存有氫鍵作用力。
本研究將分為兩部分，第一部分為Tergitol 15-S-9系統，第二部分為Tergitol 15-S-30系統，在兩部分中，皆藉由螢光光譜、特徵黏度、酸鹼度及平均叢集數來了解(1)PVP與界面活性劑(2)PAA在不同pH環境下與界面活性劑(3)PVP/PAA高分子複合物在不同pH環境下與界面活性劑之間交互作用機制。
由螢光光譜[I1/I3]py及[IE/IM]py趨勢圖可得到高分子/界面活性劑類微胞開始生成之臨界聚集濃度(cac)，並由[IE/IM]py圖中波峰可判斷系統內有高分子/界面活性劑之類微胞叢集物存在，利用穩態螢光衰減法求出不同系統之平均叢集數。
將研究結果整理比較後，發現在Tergitol 15-S-9系統中，由於EO與PAA作用微弱，界面活性劑與高分子及高分子複合物間作用力受到氫鍵作用力影響較不明顯。在Tergitol 15-S-30系統，因EO鏈段長，提高與PAA高分子鏈形成氫鍵的機會，在酸性環境中氫鍵作用力影響會大於中性及鹼性環境。

The major idea of the research is the influence of noionic surfactant Tergtitol 15-S-9 and 15-S-30 on the polymer complexes of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) ( PVP ) and poly(acrylic acid) ( PAA ).
The PVP/PAA hydrophobic complexes form due to the hydrogen bond between the pyrrolidone belong to PVP and the carboxylic acid belong to PAA. When adding surfactant to PVP/PAA system, the hydrophobic interaction between PVP and PAA decrease, because the interaction between surfactant and polymer reduce the hydrogen bonding between PVP and PAA. There are hydrophobic interaction between alkyl groups in surfactant , PVP and PAA, and hydrogen bonding interaction in a portion of PAA system with the ethylene oxide ( EO ) chains of “Tergitol 15-S-n” surfactant.
The investigation divide into two sections. The first section is Tergitol 15-S-9 system, and the second section is Tergitol 15-S-30 system. The interaction between (1) PVP and surfactant (2) PAA in different pH and surfactant (3) PVP/PAA complexes in different pH and surfactant were characterized by Fluorescent, specific viscosity, pH and aggregation number in both systems.
After unscramble the result of the investigation, discovering the interaction between PAA and surfactant was week in the Tergitol 15-S-9 system, and when the EO chain of surfactant become longer the interaction between surfactant and PAA or PVP/PAA complexes increase.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
總目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章、緒論 1
1-1 引言 1
1-2 研究動機和目的 1
第二章、文獻回顧 3
2-1 界面活性劑系統 3
2-1-1 界面活性劑簡介 3
2-1-2 離子型界面活性劑 3
2-1-3 非離子型界面活性劑 4
2-1-4 微胞形成 5
2-2 非離子型高分子/界面活性劑之系統 7
2-3 聚羧酸/非離子型界面活性劑之系統 11
2-4 非離子型高分子/聚羧酸之系統 19
2-5 非離子型高分子/聚羧酸/界面活性劑之系統 23
第三章、實驗原理 24
3-1 螢光光譜原理 24
3-1-1 螢光探針單分子放光形式 26
3-1-2 螢光探針雙分子複合放光形式 26
3-1-3穩態螢光衰減法(Steady-state fluorescence quenching，SSFQ) 27
3-2 黏度測量原理 28
3-2-1 毛細管黏度計 28
3-3 酸鹼度測量原理 30
3-3-1 Nernst Equation 30
3-3-2 溶液酸鹼值 31
第四章、實驗操作與儀器設備 32
4-1實驗藥品及儀器設備 32
4-1-1實驗藥品 32
4-1-2實驗器材 33
4-1-3分析用儀器 34
4-2待測樣品之製備 35
4-2-1螢光探針法樣品之製備 35
4-2-2穩態螢光衰減法樣品之製備 38
4-2-3穿透度、特徵黏度、酸鹼度樣品之製備 39
第五章、結果與討論 40
5-1 非離子型界面活性劑之Tergitol 15-S-9系統 40
5-1-1 PVP/Tergitol 15-S-9 兩成分系統交互作用之探討 40
5-1-2 PAA/Tergitol 15-S-9 兩成分系統交互作用之探討 43
5-1-3 PVP/PAA/Tergitol 15-S-9 三成分系統交互作用之探討 48
5-1-4 Tergitol 15-S-9系統統整 54
5-2 非離子型界面活性劑之Tergitol 15-S-30系統 61
5-2-1 PVP/Tergitol 15-S-30兩成分系統交互作用之探討 63
5-2-2 PAA/Tergitol 15-S-30兩成分系統交互作用之探討 64
5-2-3 PVP/PAA/Tergitol 15-S-30三成分系統交互作用之探討 68
5-2-4 Tergitol 15-S-30系統統整 72
5-3 非離子型界面活性劑Tergitol系統結果比較 78
5-3-1 PVP/Tergitol兩成分系統交互作用之探討 78
5-3-2 PAA/Tergitol兩成分系統交互作用之探討 78
5-3-3 PVP/PAA/Tergitol 三成分系統交互作用之探討 78
第六章、結論 80
參考文獻 81

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