臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

燃料電池在目前是很具有潛力的綠色能源之一，而燃料電池的燃料在陽極部分是採用氫氣，陰極部分是採用空氣，而空氣極易取得，但由於氫氣較難運輸及儲存，因此，如何取得氫氣就是目前燃料電池系統研究中的主要課題之一。所以目前產氫部分皆以重組器為主要的方法，但由於重組器產生氣體的氫氣濃度較低且含有會毒化燃料電池的一氧化碳，會使得系統無法穩定得輸出電力。
本研究使用反應面積為112.85 cm2之自製千瓦級40級燃料電池堆，首先針對陰陽極計量比、電池溫度、增濕溫度等參數進行電池性能影響探討。當得到較佳之參數後，進行一氧化碳濃度與氫氣濃度對燃料電池性能之影響研究，並同時觀測電池堆陽極出口濃度之變化。由結果得知，燃料電池電壓隨時間之變化曲線隨著一氧化碳濃度的變化而有所差異，且燃料電池電壓下降的速率亦隨著氫氣濃度的變化而有所變化，另外，當含一氧化碳之混合氣體通入陽極端時，其電池溫度也會隨之變化。再者，因稀釋氫氣與一氧化碳造成之陽極過電位上升，使得一氧化碳電化學氧化率與吸附率呈現拉扯之現象，進而出現電池電壓震盪之現象。而在本研究中使用Air-Bleeding的方法來消除吸附在觸媒上的一氧化碳，而實驗結果顯示通入小量的空氣可以有效得消除吸附在觸媒上的一氧化碳，使衰退的電壓回升且讓功率能夠穩定輸出。

A fuel cell is one of the most promising green energy devices. Hydrogen is being used as the anodic fuel, and air is being used as the catholic oxidant in a fuel cell. While air can be obtained easily, hydrogen is much harder to produce, transport and store. Thus, hydrogen production becomes a main topic in the research of fuel cell systems. A reformer is commonly used to produce hydrogen. However, the reformate compresses a low concentration of hydrogen and a certain amount of carbon monoxide which deactivates the Pt catalyst, and therefore, using a reformer makes the power of the fuel cell system unable to be steady.
In the study, a self-made kw-class 40cell PEMFC stack with reaction area of 112.85 cm2 per cell was tested. First, effects of anode and cathode stoichiometric ratio, the fuel cell stack temperature and the dew point on the stack performance was carried out. After optimal operational parameters were obtained, effects of the carbon monoxide concentration and hydrogen concentration on stack performance were performed, and the change of the carbon monoxide concentration at the anode outlet was also monitored at the same time. As can be seen in the results, the curve of voltage change with time varied with the carbon monoxide concentration, and the descending rate of voltage varied with the hydrogen concentration. On the other hand, when the mixed gas which contains carbon monoxide was flowed into the fuel cell, the cell temperature changed, too. Moreover, diluted hydrogen and carbon monoxide increased the anodic overpotential, and therefore resulted in a rivaling phenomenon between the oxidation rate of carbon monoxide and the adsorption rate of carbon monoxide on the catalyst. Thus, the stack potential fluctuated. r. In the study, air-bleeding was used to remove carbon monoxide on the catalyst surface to recover the stack performance. The results showed that flowing a small amount of air can remove most carbon monoxide adsorbed on the catalyst, and it can make the stack performance recovered and make the stack power output stable.

目錄
中文摘要 III
Abstract V
誌 謝 VII
目錄 VIII
圖 目 錄 XI
表 目 錄 XIX
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 5
1-3 文獻回顧 7
1-4 研究目標 14
第二章 燃料電池基礎理論 15
2-1質子交換膜燃料電池基本構造 15
2-2質子交換膜燃料電池發電原理 21
第三章 實驗設備 24
3-1燃料電池測試系統 26
3-1-1增濕系統 28
3-2氣體混合機 29
3-3 即時氣體分析儀 31
3-4 交流阻抗量測系統 37
3-5質子交換膜燃料電池堆 40
第四章 實驗理論與研究方法 42
4-1性能評估方法 42
4-1-1極化曲線 42
4-1-2 定電流放電 48
4-1-3 陽極過電位 49
4-2 觸媒表面化學現象及平衡 51
4-3 交流阻抗分析方法 56
4-4 實驗方法 62
4-5實驗步驟 66
第五章 結果與討論 67
5-1流量測試對燃料電池之影響 68
5-2露點溫度及電池溫度對燃料電池之阻抗影響 73
5-3 CO濃度與Air-Bleeding在純氫下對燃料電池之影響 87
5-4 CO濃度與Air-Bleeding在稀釋氫氣下對燃料電池之影響 95
5-4-1 CO濃度與Air-Bleeding在75 %氫氣下對燃料電池之影響 95
5-4-2 CO濃度與Air-Bleeding在50%氫氣下對燃料電池之影響 105
5-4-3 CO濃度與Air-Bleeding在25%氫氣下對燃料電池之影響 114
5-5 相同濃度的一氧化碳對不同濃度的稀釋氫氣之影響 123
第六章 結論 127
第七章 未來工作 130
參考文獻 131

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