臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的為從經濟分析的角度來觀察薪資與健康等變數的關係，並以華人家庭動態資料庫（Panel Study of Family Dynamics, PSFD）第九年計畫中於2007年（RR-2007）調查的主樣本資料作為觀察樣本，分別從男性與女性兩組樣本下進行實證研究，以期能有進一步的瞭解。本研究先利用Heckman兩階段估計模型方法（Heckman two-step estimation method）檢驗薪資迴歸估計因部分樣本未參與勞動市場而可能出現的樣本選擇性偏誤問題，再建構一個包含健康、子女數、教育、工作經驗、家庭狀況與工作相關因素在內的薪資迴歸估計式來進行實證分析。因為樣本資料存在變異數異質性，迴歸估計採用加權最小平方法(weighted least squares, WLS) 探究不同性別下各變數對薪資的平均影響程度，以及採用分量迴歸法（quantile regression, QR）探討不同薪資條件分配下的邊際影響效果。實證結果顯示健康狀況對男性勞動者與女性勞動者的薪資皆有正向的影響，並且隨著薪資分量越高影響程度越大；而子女數與已婚狀態對男女性的薪資則有相反方向的影響，對男性勞動者而言，子女數和已婚者對薪資有正向的影響且子女數對薪資的影響程度隨著薪資的提升影響效果越趨減少；但對女性勞動者在各分量下卻呈現負向的影響關係，並且子女數對薪資的影響程度自低薪資至中薪資其負向的影響效果越趨增加。因此我們可以推知健康狀況與性別等因素對薪資影響有其重要性，政府在提倡性別平等的同時更應顧及相關配套措施已達政策的周延性。

The object of this paper is to investigate the relationship between wage and health and other factors. The observed samples which are surveyed in 2007 and adopted from RR2007 of Panel Study of Family Dynamics and separated to males and females. The Heckman two-stage estimation model method was employed to examine the existence of sample selection problem. The wage regression included health, the number of children, education, family status and work-related factors. The regression estimation methods of this paper are weighted least squares and quantile regression to explore the average impact of different variables and marginal effect in the distribution of the different wage conditions. The empirical results show that health has a positive impact on the salaries of male and female workers, and with the higher wage the greater impact. The variables of children and married status affect men and women’s salaries in the opposite direction. For male labor, the married status and number of children have a positive impact on wages and the impact of the number of children on the wage become smaller as wage increases. For female labor, the married status and number of children have a negative impact on all wage level, and the negative effect becomes grater as low wage to middle wage level. Therefore, we can infer that the health status, gender and other factors are important for the salary determination. Government promote gender equality shall develop supporting measures at the same time to reach an effective outcome via the integrated policies.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究方法與架構 3
第二章 相關文獻回顧 5
第一節 教育與工作經驗對薪資影響之實證研究 5
第二節 健康狀況對薪資影響之實證研究 8
第三節 性別差異和其他因素對薪資影響之相關實證研究文獻 12
第四節 相關文獻統整 17
第三章 敘述分析 18
第一節 資料來源與研究對象 18
第二節 敘述統計 20
第四章 實證模型與結果分析 28
第一節 計量模型 28
第二節 實證模型 33
第三節 實證結果 40
第五章 結論 59
參考文獻 62

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