臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　單載波區塊傳送系統中，接收訊號易因多重路徑通道而造成符元間干擾，故接收端必須使用等化器以提高系統效能。在文獻所提出的等化器之中，混合式決策回授等化器可在效能表現與複雜度之間取得較佳的平衡。因此本篇論文以其為基本架構，提出兩種改良等化器。首先是將混合式決策回授等化器延伸至多接收天線的通訊系統，以利用其空間多樣性的優點，此方法可在增加些許複雜度的情形下，得到大幅的效能改善。
　　另外為了消除混合式決策回授等化器在最小均方誤差準則下，等效通道所形成的未來符元間干擾。我們提出將接收訊號先以線性頻率等化器處理作為未來符元依據的混合式決策回授等化器，此改善方式可以使等化器的效能在低階調變的情況下較原來的混合式決策回授等化器優異。最後我們也將這個方法延伸至多接收天線的通訊系統，得到比在多接收天線下的混合式決策回授等化器更好的效能表現。

　　Broadband single-carrier block transmission systems suffer from severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) induced by multipath channels; therefore, equalization is needed to mitigate ISI. The hybrid decision-feedback equalizer (H-DFE) is a technique that strikes a good balance between performance and complexity. To achieve a better performance, we propose in the thesis two improved equalization algorithms that are based on the H-DFE. First, we extend the H-DFE to the single-input multiple-output (SIMO) channels to take advantage of the spatial diversity. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a significant performance gain with only a modest increase in complexity. Second, in order to mitigate the non-causal ISI induced by the equivalent channel when the H-DFE with the minimum mean-square error criterion is used, we propose a new equalizer which incorporates the decisions of the frequency-domain linear equalizer to cancel the non-causal ISI. Simulation results demonstrate a better performance when low-order modulation is used. Finally, we extend it to SIMO channels.

中文摘要………………………………………………………………I
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………II
誌謝…………………………………………………………………………IV
目錄…………………………………………………………………V
圖表附錄…………………………………………………………………IX
第一章 導論…………………………………………………………………1
　　1.1 前言……………………………………………1
　　1.2 動機……………………………………………………1
　　　　1.2.1 延伸至多接收天線……………………………………1
　　　　1.2.2 降低殘餘ISI…………………………………………………………………………………2
　　1.3 論文章節摘要……………………………………………2
第二章 單載波區塊傳送系統…………………………………………4
　　2.1 通道模型……………………………………………………4
　　2.2 系統模型…………………………………………………4
　　　　2.2.1 循環字首延展………………………………………5
　　　　2.2.2 訓練序列延展………………………………………………6
第三章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………………7
　　3.1 頻域線性等化器[6]…………………………………………………………………………………7
　　　　3.1.1 系統架構………………………………………………7
　　　　3.1.2 Zero Forcing準則…………………………………8
　　　　3.1.3 MMSE 準則…………………………………………8
　　3.2 混合式決策回授等化器[7]……………………………………………………………………9
　　　　3.2.1 系統架構………………………………………………9
　　　　3.2.2 Zero Forcing 準則……………………………………11
　　　　3.2.3 MMSE 準則…………………………………………………13
　　3.3 SIMO頻域線性等化器[9][10]…………………………………………………………14
　　　　3.3.1 系統架構……………………………………………15
　　　　3.3.2 Zero Forcing 準則 (1X2)……………………………………………16
　　　　3.3.3 Zero Forcing 準則 (general case)……………………17
　　　　3.3.4 MMSE 準則 (1X2)…………………………………………………………………17
　　　　3.3.5 MMSE 準則 (general case)…………………………………………17
第四章 SIMO下的混合式決策回授等化器…………………………………19
　　4.1 提出的方法……………………………………………………………19
　　　　4.1.1 系統架構………………………………………………………19
　　　　4.1.2 Zero Forcing 準則 (1X2)……………………………………………21
　　　　　　4.1.2.1推導結果…………………………………………21
　　　　　　4.1.2.2推導過程……………………………………………21
　　　　4.1.3 Zero Forcing 準則 (general case)……………………23
　　　　　　4.1.3.1推導結果……………………………………………23
　　　　　　4.1.3.2推導過程……………………………………………23
　　　　4.1.4 MMSE 準則 (1X2)…………………………………………………………………25
　　　　　　4.1.4.1推導結果………………………………………25
　　　　　　4.1.4.2推導過程………………………………………………25
　　　　4.1.5 MMSE 準則 (general case)…………………………………………26
　　　　　　4.1.5.1推導結果……………………………………………26
　　　　　　4.1.6.2推導過程……………………………………………………27
　　4.2 MMSE準則下造成的殘餘ISI…………………………………………………………………29
　　　　4.2.1 H-DFE MMSE準則之等效通道………………………………29
　　　　4.2.2 MMSE-H-DFE演算法……………………………………32
　　　　4.2.3 SIMO MMSE-H-DFE演算法…………………………………33
　　　　4.2.4 MMSE-H-DFE / SIMO MMSE-H-DFE修正型演算法……34
　　4.3 複雜度分析…………………………………………………………40
　　　　4.3.1 演算法複雜度分析………………………………………40
　　　　　　4.3.1.1 FD-LE MMSE…………………………………………………………………41
　　　　　　4.3.1.2 H-DFE ZF………………………………………………………………………41
　　　　　　4.3.1.3 H-DFE MMSE…………………………………………………………………42
　　　　　　4.3.1.4 MMSE-H-DFE…………………………………………………………………42
　　　　　　4.3.1.5 FD-LE MMSE(1X2)……………………………………………………43
　　　　　　4.3.1.6 H-DFE ZF (1X2)………………………………………………………43
　　　　　　4.3.1.7 H-DFE MMSE (1X2)…………………………………………………43
　　　　　　4.3.1.8 MMSE-H-DFE (1X2)…………………………………………………44
　　　　　　4.3.1.9 MMSE-H-DFEm / MMSE-H-DFEm (1X2)…………44
　　　　　　4.3.1.10 分析SIMO H-DFE………………………………………………………44
第五章 模擬結果與分析……………………………………………………46
　　5.1 模擬環境……………………………………………………………46
　　　　5.1.1 通道參數………………………………………………46
　　　　5.1.2 傳送區塊參數………………………………………………48
　　5.2 SIMO等化器模擬結果與分析…………………………………………48
　　5.3 去除MMSE準則下之殘留ISI等化器模擬結果與分析………………53
　　　　5.3.1 修正型等化器的效能比較………………………53
　　　　5.3.2 等化器模擬結果與分析………………………………………54
　　5.4 複雜度模擬結果與分析……………………………………58
第六章 結論與未來研究方向……………………………………………………61
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………63

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