臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要是在合成出具有藍相液晶的香蕉型分子，我們首先合成具有掌性中心的香蕉型分子，在香蕉型分子的頂端含有 Nitrile 的官能基，有不含氟官能基的C5C7*的化合物，以及在硬段側邊導入氟的官能基，主要是為了得到低溫及高極性的香蕉型分子，並將其分別命名為 C3FC7* 、 C5FC7* 。在其分子中軟鏈段一邊為七個碳，含有一掌性中心，另一側的軟鍊段各分別為三、五碳，以討論碳數不同，對於產生藍相的關係。另外我們也合成了不含掌性中心的香蕉型分子，並將其分別命名為 C3FC7 、 C5FC7 。最後我們希望可以用混摻的方式，來得到藍相液晶，並拓寬藍相液晶的溫寬。香蕉型分子 C5FC7*得到單一分子即含有藍相，藍相溫寬約為 3°C，另外在介由混摻C5FC7 與 ISO-F，也可以得到藍相，且溫寬可到達 15°C。這些香蕉型分子，我們利用 DSC , FT-IR , POM , UV-Visible 及 X-ray 來進行驗證分析其物性。

In this thesis, we synthesized the banana-shaped liquid crystals with amorphous blue phase and investigated their properties. The banana‐shaped liquid crystals (LC) are based on chiral bent-core molecules containing Nitrile group and C5C7* moieties. The functional fluorine groups are incorporated into the main-chained segments, mainly in order to get low-temperature and high-polarity properties of the banana-shaped molecules, named C3FC7*, C5FC7*. Moreover, a series of molecules with chiral center bearing different alkyl chains (3 and 5 carbons, respectively) was compared to discuss the relationships between different carbon numbers and blue-phase properties. In addition, we also have synthesized a non-chiral center of the banana-shaped molecules, named C3FC7, C5FC7. Finally, we use those blended liquid crystal to obtain blue phase, and to increase range of the blue-phase temperature. Banana-shaped molecule C5FC7* has blue phase with temperature range to 3 °C, and also is blended C5FC7 and ISO-F to improve the range of amorphous blue-phase temperature to 15 °C. We used the DSC, FT-IR, POM, UV-Visible and X-ray measurement to verify the physical properties of those liquid crystals.

誌謝 ............................................................................................................ V
摘要 ............................................................................................................. I
Abstract ..................................................................................................... III
目錄 ............................................................................................................ V
圖目錄 ...................................................................................................... IX
表目錄 ...................................................................................................... XI
第一章 緒論............................................................................................... 1
1-1 前言 .............................................................................................. 2
1-2 液晶簡介 ...................................................................................... 5
1-2-1 液晶的發現 ........................................................................ 5
1-2-2 液晶的分類 ........................................................................ 6
1-2-3 液晶相的鑑定方法 ............................................................. 8
1-2-4 液晶性質 .......................................................................... 11
1-3 香蕉型液晶 ................................................................................ 13
1-3-1 香蕉型液晶簡介 .............................................................. 13
1-3-2 香蕉型液晶分子設計 ...................................................... 17
1-4 藍相液晶 .................................................................................... 18
1-4-1 藍相液晶簡介 .................................................................. 18
1-4-2 藍相液晶分子設計 .......................................................... 21
VII
1-4-3 T 型藍相液晶分子 ........................................................... 21
1-4-4 聯萘藍相液晶分子 .......................................................... 22
1-4-5 超分子藍相液晶分子 ...................................................... 23
1-4-6 香蕉型藍相液晶分子 ...................................................... 24
1-4-7 研究動機與方向 .............................................................. 27
第二章 實驗部分 .................................................................................... 30
2-1 實驗藥品 .................................................................................... 31
2-2 實驗儀器 .................................................................................... 33
2-3 合成流程 .................................................................................... 38
2-4 合成步驟 .................................................................................... 42
第三章 結果與討論 ................................................................................ 66
3-1 香蕉型分子系列一 C5FC7
*、C3FC7
*、C5C7
* .......................... 67
3-1-1 紅外線光譜分析 .............................................................. 67
3-1-2 POM 觀察 ........................................................................ 68
3-1-3 香蕉型分子系列一 C5FC7
*、C3FC7
* 、C5C7
*之混摻 ... 70
3-2 香蕉型分子系列二 C5FC7、C3FC7 .......................................... 72
3-2-1 POM 觀察 ........................................................................ 72
3-2-2 DSC 量測 ......................................................................... 74
3-3 香蕉型分子系列二 C5FC7、C3FC7 之混摻 ............................. 76
VIII
3-3-1 C3FC7 系統 ....................................................................... 76
3-3-2 C5FC7 系統 ....................................................................... 81
3-3-3 C5FC7 混摻系統之 UV-Visible 光譜圖 ......................... 86
3-4 C5FC7 、C3FC7 之 X-ray 繞射 ............................................... 89
第四章 結論與未來展望 ........................................................................ 95
參考文獻 ............................................................................................ 97
附錄 .................................................................................................. 100
IX
圖目錄
Fig. 1-1. 1 三星電子推出藍相的 TFT-LCD ...................................... 4
Fig. 1-2-1. 1 安息香酸膽固醇酯 ........................................................ 5
Fig. 1-2-3. 1 偏光顯微鏡設計圖及其原理 .......................................... 9
Fig. 1-2-3. 2 分子在層內傾斜之角度示意圖 ................................... 11
Fig. 1-3-1. 1 盤狀堆疊、層狀堆疊與三維結構螺旋堆疊形式 ....... 14
Fig. 1-3-1. 2 彎曲型液晶分子基本結構 ............................................ 14
Fig. 1-3-1. 3 香蕉型液晶分子之構型與其示意圖 .......................... 16
Fig. 1-3-1. 4 香蕉型分子堆疊基本行為 ............................................ 16
Fig. 1-3-1. 5 對掌性質的誘發點：分子傾斜方向與偶極方向 ....... 16
Fig. 1-3-2. 1 彎曲分子的基本架構 ................................................... 17
Fig. 1-4-1. 1 藍相紋理圖 .................................................................... 18
Fig. 1-4-1. 2 藍相液晶分子於同一層中的排列方式 ...................... 19
Fig. 1-4-1. 3 狹窄的藍相溫度範圍 ................................................... 20
Fig. 1-4-1. 4 (a) BP I 、(b) BP II 的晶格結構 ................................ 20
Fig. 1-4-3. 1 由Yoshizawa 團隊開發出來的T 型藍相液晶分子 .. 21
Fig. 1-4-4. 1 由Yoshizawa 團隊開發出來的聯萘藍相液晶分子 ... 22
Fig. 1-4-4. 2 由Yoshizawa 團隊開發出來的聯萘藍相液晶分子 ... 22
X
Fig. 1-4-6. 1 單一成分香蕉型藍相液晶之結構及溫度 .................. 24
Fig. 1-4-6. 2 混摻香蕉型液晶含有 BP I ......................................... 25
Fig. 1-4-6. 3 混摻香蕉型液晶可得到 BP III ................................... 25
Fig. 1-4-6. 4 混摻香蕉型液晶可得到 BP III .................................... 26
Fig. 3-1-1. 1 FT-IR 光譜圖 ................................................................ 67
Fig. 3-1-2. 1 C5FC7
* 在溫度 38°C 下的 POM ............................... 68
Fig. 3-1-2. 2 C5FC7
* 在溫度 36°C 下的 POM ............................... 69
Fig. 3-1-2. 3 C5C7
* 在溫度 40°C 下的 POM ................................. 70
Fig. 3-1-3. 1 5CB 和 JC-1041XX 的化學結構 ................................ 70
Fig. 3-2-1. 1 C5FC7 在溫度 80°C 下的 POM ................................ 73
Fig. 3-2-1. 2 C3FC7 在溫度 75°C 下的 POM ................................ 73
Fig. 3-2-2. 1 香蕉型液晶分子 C3FC7 的DSC ................................. 74
Fig. 3-2-2. 2 香蕉型液晶分子 C5FC7 的DSC ................................. 75
Fig. 3-3-1. 1 C3FC7 混摻後的液晶溫度 ............................................. 80
Fig. 3-3-2. 1 C5FC7 混摻後的液晶溫度 ........................................... 85
Fig. 3-3-3. 1 C5FC7 混摻5 mol % ZLI-4572 .................................... 86
Fig. 3-3-3. 2 C5FC7 混摻10 mol % ZLI-4572 .................................. 87
Fig. 3-3-3. 3 C5FC7 混摻10 mol % ISO-F ........................................ 88
XI
表目錄
Tab. 1-2-2. 1 液晶的分類 ..................................................................... 6
Tab. 1-4-7. 1 系列一及系列二之分子結構 ....................................... 27
Tab. 1-4-7. 2 Chiral dopant 之分子結構 ........................................... 29
Tab. 2-1. 1 實驗所需化學試劑 ......................................................... 32
Tab. 2-1. 2 實驗所需化學溶劑 ......................................................... 32
Tab. 3-1-3. 1 系列一化合物與 5CB / JC-1041XX 混摻 ................ 71
Tab. 3-3-1. 1 C3FC7 及混摻分子之結構 ........................................... 77
Tab. 3-3-1. 2 C3FC7 混摻之比例 ....................................................... 78
Tab. 3-3-1. 3 C3FC7 混摻之相圖鑑定 ............................................... 79
Tab. 3-3-2. 1 C5FC7 及混摻分子之結構 ........................................... 82
Tab. 3-3-2. 2 C5FC7 混摻之比例 ....................................................... 83
Tab. 3-3-2. 3 C5FC7 與 ZLI4572 混摻系統的POM ....................... 84
Tab. 3-3-2. 4 C5FC7 與 ISO-F 混摻系統的POM ........................... 84
Tab. 3-4. 1 C3FC7 在120°C 的X-ray 繞射圖譜 ............................ 89
Tab. 3-4. 2 C3FC7 在110°C 的X-ray 繞射圖譜 ............................ 90
Tab. 3-4. 3 C3FC7 在100°C 的X-ray 繞射圖譜 ............................ 90
Tab. 3-4. 4 C3FC7 在90°C 的X-ray 繞射圖譜 .............................. 90
Tab. 3-4. 5 C3FC7 在80°C 的X-ray 繞射圖譜 .............................. 91
XII
Tab. 3-4. 6 C3FC7 在70°C 的X-ray 繞射圖譜 .............................. 91
Tab. 3-4. 7 C5FC7 在110°C 的 X-ray 繞射圖譜 ........................... 92
Tab. 3-4. 8 C5FC7 在100°C 的 X-ray 繞射圖譜 ........................... 92
Tab. 3-4. 9 C5FC7 在90°C 的 X-ray 繞射圖譜 ............................. 93
Tab. 3-4. 10 C5FC7 在65°C 的 X-ray 繞射圖譜 ........................... 93

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