臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究的主旨在於探討是否可以透過生理訊號，觀察玩家自我調節能力對心流經驗的影響。不同自我調節能力的玩家，除了從外界獲得外在回饋（例如:老師評語或酬勞）之外，另外從自行感覺中亦可獲得愉悅感作為內在回饋。過去許多研究中，主要聚焦在如何操弄外在回饋以提升個人的學習表現。少有研究直接觀察個人在學習過程中內在回饋所扮演的角色。其主要原因在於內在回饋屬於個人內在感受難以測量。因此本研究主要使用生理訊號偵測的方式，觀察不同自我調節在獲得內在回饋上的差異，是否會影響個人獲得心流經驗與遊戲表現。

本研究以音樂節奏遊戲為平台，以ASUS Vito W1 滑鼠與 EMotion Recognition 臉部表情辨識軟體，兩者為偵測生理訊號之工具。並探討不同自我調節能力的玩家與遊戲互動之下，所偵測到的生理訊號做為依據，觀查其心流經驗與遊戲表現。本研究發現，生理訊號確實可以預測出，不同特性玩家在遊戲過程中所感受到的生理回饋，而影響到玩家的，整體心流經驗與遊戲表現。自我調節能力越高的玩家在遊戲過程中越能觀察自己的行表現，則越能夠操縱自如，並會選擇適合的關卡作為挑戰，而得到越多的正向生理回饋，並且心流經驗也越高。

關鍵字：自我調節能力、生理訊號、心流經驗、遊戲表現

The purpose of the study is to observe the influence of the players’ self-regulation on the flow experience through the physiological signals. The different self-regulation players are not only receiving the external feedback (for example: teacher reviews or rewards) but also taking their natural pleasure as internal feedback. In the existing studies, they mainly focused on how to manipulate the external feedback to enhance their academic performance. Only few studies have directly observed individual learning scale using internal feedback action. The main reason is that it is not easy to measure personal feeling through the internal feedback. In this study, using the methods of physiological signals detection, observing the variation that the different self-regulation player obtaining from the internal feedback; it is to study how it can impact the individual through obtaining flow experience and playing game Performance.

In this study, using music rhythm game as the platform and using ASUS Vito W1 and Emotion Recognition as facial expression recognition software, both are used as the detection tool for physiological signals. Based on the interaction of different self-regulation players with the game and the detecting physiological signals, it is to observe the performance of flow experience and the game. The study found that the physiological signals can predict the obtaining biofeedback of different player through playing game. It can impact the whole flow experience and the playing game of the player.

Keywords: Self-regulation, physiological signals, Flow Experience, Game Performance

目錄
中文摘要……………………………………………………………… III
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………… IV
誌謝…………………………………………………………………… V
目錄…………………………………………………………………… VI
表目錄………………………………………………………………… IX
圖目錄………………………………………………………………… X
第一章 緒論………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 研究動機 …………………………………………………… 1
1.2 研究背景 …………………………………………………… 3
1.2.1 遊戲性質 ……………………………………………… 3
1.2.2 生理訊號 ……………………………………………… 4
1.2.3 自我調節 ……………………………………………… 5
1.2.4 心流經驗與測量方法………………………………… 5
1.2.5 小結 …………………………………………………… 6
1.3 研究目的 …………………………………………………… 8
1.4 研究問題 …………………………………………………… 8
1.5 研究貢獻 …………………………………………………… 9
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………… 10
2.1 遊戲 ………………………………………………………… 10
2.1.1 遊戲的回饋機制……………………………………… 10
2.1.2 音樂節奏遊戲簡介……………………………………… 12
2.1.3 小結……………………………………………………… 13
2.2 遊戲與心流經驗……………………………………………… 14
2.2.1 心流理論………………………………………………… 14
2.2.2 心流經驗測量…………………………………………… 16
2.2.3 遊戲過程所引發的心流路徑…………………………… 18
2.2.4 小結……………………………………………………… 20
2.3 自我調節……………………………………………………… 20
2.3.1 自我調節學習理論……………………………………… 20
2.3.2 自我調節歷程…………………………………………… 21
2.3.3 自我調節歷程與心流經驗……………………………… 23
2.3.4 小結……………………………………………………… 24
2.4 生理訊號……………………………………………………… 25
2.4.1 心跳率…………………………………………………… 26
2.4.2 面部表情………………………………………………… 27
2.4.3 小結…………………………………………………………… 28
第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………… 29
3.1 研究架構……………………………………………………… 29
3.2 研究假設……………………………………………………… 30
3.3 研究對象……………………………………………………… 31
3.4 研究工具……………………………………………………… 31
3.4.1 量表指標………………………………………………… 31
3.4.2 生理訊號指標…………………………………………… 35
3.4.3 實驗平台………………………………………………… 38
3.5 研究流程……………………………………………………… 40
3.5.1 實驗流程………………………………………………… 40
3.5.2 遊戲介面………………………………………………… 42
3.5.3 資料收集………………………………………………… 44
第四章 研究結果與討論……………………………………………… 47
4.1玩家自我調節能力與關卡選擇………………………………… 47
4.1.1 玩家自我調節能力差異………………………………… 47
4.1.2 玩家在各關卡的遊戲表現……………………………… 48
4.1.3 玩家在關卡間的遊戲表現……………………………… 50
4.2 玩家自我調節能力與生理回饋……………………………… 52
4.2.1 心跳率變化……………………………………………… 52
4.2.2 臉部表情變化…………………………………………… 54
4.3 玩家自我調節能力與心流經驗的關係……………………… 56
4.4 自我調節能力、生理回饋預測遊戲表現與心流經驗……… 58
4.4.1 心流經驗………………………………………………… 59
4.4.2 遊戲表現………………………………………………… 62
4.5 小結…………………………………………………………… 63
第五章 結論與未來展望 …………………………………………… 65
5.1 結論…………………………………………………………… 65
5.2 建議與未來展望……………………………………………… 67
5.2.1 建議 ……………………………………………………… 67
5.2.2 未來展望………………………………………………… 68
參考文獻………………………………………………………………… 70
附錄 A…………………………………………………………………… 74
A.1 ……………………………………………………………………… 74
附錄 B…………………………………………………………………… 76
B.1 ……………………………………………………………………… 76

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