在本研究中，我們使用掺鉺光纖放大器為寬頻光源，先將此光源入射光纖耦合器，光纖耦合器之一輸出端穿過光纖偏振控制器，之後光纖耦合器之兩個輸出端與錐型光纖對接，再使用光功率計觀察光纖耦合器的出射端有無光輸出，並調整光纖對接情形，使其輸出光功率達到最大。對光完成之後，將此出射端連接到光學頻譜分析儀，並且將錐形光纖放入溶液中，進行液體的折射率變化及溫度變化對於干涉光譜的影響之實驗觀察。除了量測錐形光纖的感測特性，我們也進行光纖接點橫向平移及前後平移的光譜變化觀察，並探討改變光纖偏振控制器的設定角度對於此光纖感測器的敏感度及干涉光譜明暗對比度之影響。最後我們變換光纖偏振控制器的裝設位置及纏繞光纖圈數，觀察其在本光纖感測器系統中所產生的影響。

In this study, we use an erbium-doped fiber amplifier as the broadband light source. The light is first launched into the entrance end of a fiber coupler. One output end of the fiber coupler is wound around the three paddles of the fiber polarization controller. Then the two output ends of the fiber coupler are butt joined with a tapered optical fiber. We use a power meter to observe the output light of the exit end of the fiber coupler, and then we adjust the fiber contact conditions to achieve a maximum output power. After completing the adjustment, we connect the exit end to an optical spectrum analyzer. Then we immerse the tapered optical fiber into a liquid and observe the influence of the variation of the liquid’s refractive index and temperature on the interference spectra. In addition to measuring the sensing properties of the tapered optical fiber, we also separate the fiber butt joints transversely or longitudinally to observe the spectral change. We also explore the influence on the sensitivity and the interference spectrum visibility of the fiber sensor when changing the angles of the fiber polarization controller. Finally, we set up the fiber polarization controller at different positions and change the circle numbers of the fiber wound around the three paddles to observe the resultant effects on this fiber sensing system.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 - 1 -
1.1 前言 - 1 -
1.2 研究動機 - 1 -
1.3 文獻回顧 - 3 -
1.4 本文架構 - 9 -
第二章 實驗原理 - 10 -
2.1 光纖簡介 - 10 -
2.1.1 基本構造 - 10 -
2.1.2光在光纖中傳播的原理 - 12 -
2.1.3 漸逝場 - 14 -
2-2錐形光纖 - 15 -
2.3干涉與干涉儀 - 18 -
2.3.1干涉理論 - 18 -
2.3.2 干涉儀 - 20 -
第三章 實驗儀器、光纖元件製備與系統架構 - 25 -
3.1 實驗儀器 - 25 -
3.1.1 掺鉺光纖放大器 - 25 -
3.1.2 光纖燒熔拉引機 - 26 -
3.1.3 光纖偏振控制器 - 28 -
3.1.4 光學頻譜分析儀 - 29 -
3.1.5 光功率計 - 30 -
3.2 光纖元件的製備 - 31 -
3.2.1 製作光纖耦合器 - 31 -
3.2.2 製作錐型光纖 - 33 -
3.3實驗系統架構及待測液體的製備 - 35 -
第四章 實驗結果與討論 - 37 -
4.1液體折射率的變化 - 37 -
4.2液體溫度的變化 - 39 -
4.3量測液體折射率變化及溫度變化之結論 - 41 -
4.4改變光纖偏振控制器角度並量測明暗對比度與敏感度變化 - 42 -
4.4.1 改變第一個光纖相位延遲片的角度 - 42 -
4.4.2 改變第二個光纖相位延遲片的角度 - 43 -
4.4.3 量測光纖偏振控制器角度對光纖感測器敏感度的影響 - 44 -
4.5橫向左右平移及縱向前後平移光纖對接點 - 48 -
4.5.1 A接點往後平移 - 48 -
4.5.2 光纖偏振控制器對A接點移動的影響 - 49 -
4.5.3 B接點往後平移 - 50 -
4.5.4 光纖偏振控制器對B接點移動的影響 - 51 -
4.5.5 B接點橫向平移 - 53 -
4.6 改變光纖偏振控制器的位置及數量 - 59 -
第五章 更新架構實驗結果與討論 - 62 -
5.1 液體折射率的變化 - 62 -
5.2 改變光纖偏振控制器角度並量測明暗對比度變化 - 64 -
5.2.1 改變第一個光纖相位延遲片的角度 - 64 -
5.2.2 改變第二個光纖相位延遲片的角度 - 65 -
5.2.3 實驗結果討論與比較 - 66 -
5.3縱向前後平移光纖對接點 - 67 -
5.3.1 A接點往後平移 - 67 -
5.3.2 B接點往後平移 - 68 -
5.3.3 實驗結果討論與比較 - 69 -
5.4 改變光纖偏振控制器的位置 - 70 -
第六章 結論與未來展望 - 72 -
參考文獻 - 74 -

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