臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目的：本研究目的在探討不同類型的身體活動與老年人空間工作記憶的關係。方法：招募身體活動組（持續參與游泳、慢跑、健走二年以上者，平均年齡67.75 ± 2.22，男12人，女8人）與無規律運動組（平均年齡68.15 ± 2.32，男7人，女13人）各20位老年人，施以空間工作記憶作業並收集腦波。結果：身體活動組與無規律運動組在空間工作記憶作業的反應時間與正確率並無顯著差異；但身體活動組在Fz的N100振幅顯著較大。結論：有規律身體活動的老年人在執行認知功能上有較佳表現，尤其在Fz的N100振幅明顯較大，代表參與者對於早期刺激出現時，能夠投入較多專注力。雖然研究結果上與假說部份不符，但身體活動強度、持續時間及類型對於認知功能的可能影響，還是有待探討。

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and older adults’ spatial working memory. Methods: Participants were recruited according to their exercise behaviors: physical activity group (continued to participate in exercise for more than two years, such as: swimming, jogging, walking, M = 12, F = 8, Mean age = 67.75 ± 2.22) and irregular exercise group (M = 7, F = 13, Mean age = 68.15 ± 2.32), and asked to perform spatial working memory task along with EEG recorded. Results: There were no significant differences in reaction time and response accuracy in the spatial working memory task between the physical activity group and irregular exercise group. However, the physical activity group exhibited significantly larger N100 amplitude in Fz than the irregular exercise group. Conclusion: Older adults with regular exercise behaviors perform better cognitive function than those with irregular exercise behaviors, especially in the investment of attentional resources at the early stimulation period during a task requiring spatial working memory. Further research is needed to continually explore the relationships between physical activity intensity, duration, type, and cognitive function in elderly.

口試委員與系主任論文通過簽名表 i
授權書 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
謝誌 v
目次 vi
表次 viii
圖次 ix

第壹章　緒論 1
第一節 問題背景 1
第二節 研究目的 7
第三節 研究假設 8
第四節 名詞解釋 8
第五節 研究限制 10

第貳章　文獻探討 11
第一節 老化對認知神經系統的影響 11
第二節 身體活動對大腦認知功能、老化的影響 13
第三節 事件關聯電位之特性 15
第四節 文獻總結 16

第參章　研究方法 18
第一節 研究架構 18
第二節 實驗參與者 18
第三節 實驗儀器與工具 19
第四節 實驗流程 20
第五節 資料處理與統計分析 22

第肆章　結果與討論 23
第一節 行為資料 23
第二節 腦波資料 24
第三節 討論 27

第伍章　結論與建議 29

參考文獻 30
附錄 40
附錄一　實驗參與者同意書 40
附錄二　實驗參與者基本資料 41
附錄三　簡易智能量表 (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE) 42
附錄四　七日身體活動回憶量表 43


表　次
表4-1二組別在年齡、教育程度、智力、身體活動量的平均數 23
表4-2二組別在反應時間的表現 24
表4-3 二組別在正確率的表現 24
表4-4 二組別在Fz及Cz的N100潛伏時間的表現 24
表4-5 二組別在Fz及Cz的N100振幅的表現 25表4-6 二組別在Cz及Pz的P300潛伏時間的表現 25
表4-7 二組別在Cz及Pz的P300振幅的表現 25


圖　次
圖3-1 研究架構圖 18
圖3-2 實驗流程圖 20
圖3-3 SWM作業示意圖 21
圖3-4 二組別在Fz、Cz與Pz三點電極位置振幅與潛伏時間的比較 26

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