臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

面臨多變環境的競爭市場，品質與速度不再是主要競爭優勢，顧客需求的滿足才是企業競爭力之優勢，少量多樣化的彈性生產被製造業者所注重，本研究旨在探討製造業生產線其生產彈性的量化模式建構與分析。針對某一製造生產工廠做實地蒐集生產線資料，由資料中彙整出產品的生產效率、機率、權重值以及各產品之間互相轉換的生產效率與機率等資訊，藉由(1)資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)；(2)層級分析程序法(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)結合灰關聯分析(Grey Relation Analysis, GRA)；(3)熵(Entropy)理論結合理想解類似度順序偏好法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, TOPSIS)；此三種方法計算其生產線生產產品之效率值，進而運用圖論與矩陣法(Graph Theory and Matrix Approach, GTMA)運算得到其生產線之彈性量化值。
研究結果顯示此三種績效衡量方法結合GTMA進行彈性的量化模式皆可有效的提供生產製造系統彈性的量化衡量，其衡量的結果顯示分析評估生產線之彈性效率時，效率值之高低對於GTMA衡量彈性會產生影響，此外由生產線生產的產品數量多寡進行分析，可以得知這些多屬性決策方法結合GTMA衡量製造系統彈性的量化，受產品的多樣性之因素影響甚大，本研究之結論是效率值之高低與生產線可生產的產品多樣性是彈性之主要因素，符合彈性量化之概念。

Facing the current changing and competitive marketing environment, quality and speed are no longer the competitive advantages. Instead, the flexible production of small quantity but various types is concerned by customer and therefore the fulfillment of user requirement is where the enterprise competitive superiority lies. This study focused on the discussion of quantification model construction and analysis on the production flexibility of production line in manufacturing industry. This research collected the actual data of production line in a manufacturing factory and summarized the productivity, probability, weight and other information like inter-transferring productivity and probability between various products. By using (1) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA); (2) Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with Grey Relational Analysis (GRA); and (3) Entropy Theory combined with TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution), these three methods to calculate the efficiency value that the production line is producing and further utilized Graph Theory and Matrix Analysis (GTMA) to come out the flexibility of the production line.
This study demonstrated that the production flexibility evaluation of manufacturing system can be provided by proceeding the flexibility evaluation model using these three performance evaluation methods combined with GTMA. The evaluation result showed that when analyzing the flexible efficiency of production line, the GTMA evaluation flexibility is affected by the efficiency value. In addition, via analyzing the product variety which is produced by the production line, we know that the flexibility quantification evaluated on the manufacturing system by Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) combined with GTMA is affected seriously by the product variety. The conclusion of this study showed that the major factors of flexibility are efficiency value and the product variety which can be achieved by the production line, and it complied with the concept of flexibility quantification requirements.

中文摘要------i
Abstract------ii
誌謝------iv
目錄------v
表目錄------vii
圖目錄------ix
第一章 緒論------1
1.1 研究背景與動機------1
1.2 研究目的------3
1.3 研究方法與流程------4
1.4 研究範圍與限制------7
1.5 論文架構------7
第二章 文獻探討------8
2.1. 彈性相關文獻------8
2.1.1 彈性定義與概念------8
2.1.2 彈性的分類討論------9
2.1.3 彈性的量化與質化------12
2.1.4 彈性的衡量方法------13
2.2 資料包絡分析法------13
2.3 層級分析程序法------15
2.4 灰關聯分析法------16
2.5 熵值(Entropy)------17
2.6 理想解類似度順序偏好法------18
2.7 圖論與矩陣法------18
第三章 研究方法------20
3.1 資料包絡分析法------20
3.1.1 資料包絡分析法之概念------20
3.1.2 資料包絡分析法之模型分析------21
3.2 層級分析程序法------24
3.2.1 層級分析程序法理論分析------24
3.2.2 層級分析程序法問卷之評估尺度------26
3.2.3 層級分析程序法操作步驟 ------27
3.3 灰關聯分析法------29
3.4 理想解類似度順序偏好法------31
3.5 圖論與矩陣法------34
第四章 個案分析------36
4.1 案例背景說明------36
4.2 研究分析流程------40
4.3 生產效率分析------42
4.3.1 運用DEA彙整資料分析------42
4.3.2 運用AHP結合GRA分析------45
4.3.2.1 AHP運算過程------46
4.3.2.2 GRA運算過程------49
4.3.3 運用熵值結合TOPSIS分析------54
4.4 轉換機率與轉換效率計算------60
4.5 運用GTMA進行彈性評估運算------62
第五章 結論與建議------69
5.1 研究結論------69
5.2 本研究貢獻------69
5.3 未來研究與建議------70
參考文獻------71
附錄一------78
附錄二------82
Extended Abstract------86
簡歷(CV)------93

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