臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出雙臂驅動式馬赫倫德爾強度調變器(Dual Drive-Mach Zehnder Modulator；DD-MZM)搭配相移器(phase shift)、衰減器(attenuator)、電放大器(Electrical Amplifier；EA)以及振盪器(oscillator)組成之光梳頻產生器(Optical Frequency Comb Generator；OFCG)，應用於雙向傳輸系統之分波多工被動式光網路(Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network；WDM-PON)，利用此光梳頻產生器產生32個載波作為傳輸通道，其通道間距為0.16 nm(20 GHz)，將偶數波長通道(even channel)運用於下行傳輸，傳輸速率設定為10 Gbit/s；上行使用奇數波長通道(odd channel)，傳輸速率設定為5 Gbit/s，並且在光網路單元(Optical Network Unit；ONU)端使用無色光源(colorless)技術降低系統成本。
本論文提出三種不同傳輸架構，上、下行分別比較兩組調變碼，驗證使用OFCG產生多載波搭配colorless技術，將下行光源重新調變應用於上行傳輸，有效節省93.7 %之雷射成本。使用遠端泵激(remote pumping)傳輸系統可將主動元件全部配置於光線路終端(Optical Line Terminal；OLT)，降低系統之維修成本。同時上、下行使用不同波長，不僅可減少背向雷利散射(Rayleigh backscattering)，也可以將被動式光網路的總傳輸距離達到105 km。

In the thesis, we propose Optical Frequency Comb Generation (OFCG) which consists of a Dual-drive Mach-Zehnder Modulator (DD-MZM), phase shift, attenuator, Electrical Amplifier (EA), and an oscillator. The proposed OFCG can be applied to bidirection Long-Reach Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network. Utilizes OFCG to generate 32 carriers as transmission channels, and the space among channels is 0.16 nm, which the even channels are chosen as the downstream channels with 10 Gbit/s bit rate. In addition, the odd channels which are chosen as the upstream channels with 5 Gbit/s bit rate, and which use colorless technique are implemented in each Optical Network Unit(ONU) in order to reduce the cost.
This thesis proposes the comparison of three different transmission structures matching two compositions of upstream and downstream modulation codes, respectively. Simulations verify that use the OFCG to generate multi-carrier, and utilize the odd channels with colorless technique are re-modulated as the upstream channels. Besides, the remote pumping system can set all active conponents at the Optical Line Terminal(OLT). To summarize, using OFCG and colorless technique in remote pumping system can reduce the cost effectively.
The results show that use odd and even channels as upstream and downstream channels respectively not only avoids Rayleigh backscattering effect to bidirection WDM-PON, but also raises the transmission distance of PON to 105 km and achieves the Long-Reach PON.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第二章 基礎理論 4
2.1寬頻接取網路技術 4
2.2被動式光網路架構及技術 6
2.2.1 分時多工被動式光網路(TDM-PON) 7
2.2.2 分波多工被動式光網路(WDM-PON) 10
2.2.3 長距離被動式光網路(Long-Reach PON) 11
2.2.4 被動式光網路未來發展 13
2.3光放大器 17
2.3.1 半導體光放大器 19
2.3.2 摻鉺光纖放大器(EDFA) 21
2.3.2.1 架構與泵激方式 21
2.3.2.2 參數定義 24
2.3.3 拉曼光纖放大器 25
2.3.3.1 放大原理 25
2.3.3.2 拉曼光纖放大器基本架構 28
2.3.3.3 三種泵激架構之比較 30
2.3.4 三種光放大器比較 30
2.4色散及光纖介紹 32
2.4.1 色散簡介 32
2.4.2 單模光纖 34
2.4.3 色散補償光纖 35
2.5光纖非線性效應 36
2.5.1 受激散射效應 36
2.5.1.1 受激拉曼散射效應 36
2.5.1.2 受激布里淵散射效應 38
2.5.2 非線性折射率效應 38
2.5.2.1 自相位調變 38
2.5.2.2 交互相位調變 39
2.5.2.3 四波混頻 40
2.6調變格式 42
2.6.1 非歸零開關鍵控(NRZ-OOK) 42
2.6.2 歸零開關鍵控(RZ-OOK) 44
2.6.3 載波抑制歸零開關鍵控(CSRZ-OOK) 45
2.6.4 非歸零差分相位移向鍵控(NRZ-DPSK) 46
2.6.5 歸零差分相位移向鍵控(RZ-DPSK) 49
2.6.6 載波抑制歸零差分相位移向鍵控(CSRZ-DPSK) 51
2.7系統效能判別 53
2.7.1 誤碼率計算 53
2.7.2 光信號雜訊比(OSNR) 55
2.7.3 眼圖分析 57
第三章 實驗技術與原理 60
3.1光梳頻產生器 60
3.1.1 馬赫倫德爾強度調變器 60
3.1.2 頻譜平坦條件 64
3.1.3 光梳頻產生器 66
3.2無色光源(colorless)技術簡介 73
3.2.1 頻譜切割式 73
3.2.2 入射鎖模式 74
3.2.3 波長再利用式 75
3.2.4 光梳頻產生式 76
第四章 系統架構設計與比較 80
4.1架構設計 81
4.1.1 OLT端架構設計 81
4.1.2 LE處架構設計 83
4.1.3 ONU端架構設計 83
4.2傳輸架構設計與討論 84
4.2.1 預補償系統 85
4.2.1.1 預補償系統下行傳輸結果分析 87
4.2.1.2 預補償系統上行傳輸結果分析 90
4.2.2 後補償系統 93
4.2.2.1 後補償系統下行傳輸結果分析 94
4.2.2.2 後補償系統上行傳輸結果分析 96
4.2.3 遠端泵激系統 99
4.2.3.1 遠端泵激系統下行傳輸結果分析 101
4.2.3.2 遠端泵激系統上行傳輸結果分析 104
4.3系統架構結果與討論 107
4.3.1 下行傳輸架構結果分析 107
4.3.2 上行傳輸架構結果分析 109
4.3.3 傳輸架構總結 111
第五章 結論 113
參考文獻 115
附錄A：在學期間發表之論文 120

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