臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在現實世界中許多的產品(食品/季節商品/化學物品/消費性電子)皆存在著損耗性的本質，諸如腐爛，蒸發和變質。因此，良好的整體存貨策略和正確的合作模式是損耗性產品供應鏈成功的關鍵。由於依照產品以及產業差異，供應鏈的模型亦無法一體適用，本論文探討在不同商業模式下之整合性存貨模型，分別是以製造商為重心的損耗性供應鏈以及以零售商為重心的損耗性供應鏈。針對不同類型的供應鏈，分別探討影響整體利潤的重要因子，目標為發展出使整體聯合成本最小的存貨模型，並由實際的數據範例來證明此理論，而且提供了一個可以應用於現實環境下快速解決複雜問題的方案。

Most items deteriorate in the real world. Deterioration can include decay, evaporation, and spoilage, and will result in imperfect products during the manufacturing process. Therefore, an optimized replenishment strategy is the key to success. Our objective is to derive integrated replenishment strategies for deteriorating products from different business perspectives. We have developed optimal integrated models that consider the major factors in both manufacturer-centric and retailer-centric supply chains. Both models have been validated and analyzed using numerical examples. In addition, this research also provides a rapid solution to solve the above complex problems in the real world.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Research background and purpose 1
1.2 Research scope 3
1.3 Research assumptions 3
1.4 Thesis outline 4
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Integrated inventory model 5
2.2 Deteriorating inventory 7
2.3 The newsboy model 8
2.4 Incentives and price effect 10
CHAPTER 3 THE DETERIORATING MANUFACTURER-CENTRIC SUPPLY CHAINS 13
3.1 Introduction 13
3.2 Notations and assumptions 13
3.2.1 Notations 13
3.2.2 Assumptions 15
3.3 Modeling and analysis 17
3.4 Retailer’s individual decision 20
3.5 Coordinated replenishment decision of supply chain 20
3.5.1 The relevant costs of the manufacturer’s final production process 20
3.5.2 The relevant costs of the manufacturer’s workstation m 24
3.5.3 The material’s relevant costs of the manufacturer 26
3.5.4 The total cost of the inventory model 27
3.6 Optimization of the proposed model 30
3.6.1 Chromosome design 31
3.6.2 Fitness function 31
3.7 Numerical example 32
3.8 Summary 36
CHAPTER 4 THE DETERIORATING RETAILER-CENTRIC SUPPLY CHAINS 37
4.1 Introduction 37
4.2 Notations and assumptions 40
4.2.1 Notations 40
4.2.2 Assumptions 42
4.3 Modeling and analysis 45
4.3.1 Model development 45
4.3.2 The retailer’s sale revenue 46
4.3.3 The retailer’s setup cost for special sale 49
4.3.4 The retailer’s costs for rebate redemption 50
4.3.5 The retailer’s holding cost and the lost-sale cost 51
4.3.6 The retailer’s inspection cost 52
4.3.7 The extra revenue of retailer’s on-hand inventory 52
4.3.8 The total profit of proposed model 53
4.4 Optimization of the proposed model 53
4.4.1 Decision on the number Ls of delivery time interval 54
4.4.2 Optimization for the number of ordering batch N 54
4.4.3 Optimization of the selling price pr 55
4.5 Numerical example and sensitivity analysis 58
4.6 Summary 64
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND FURTHER RESEARCH 65
REFERENCES 67
APPENDIXES 76
Appendix A 76


LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1. Optimization results 34
Table 3.2 Numerical example 35
Table 4.1. Sensitivity analysis when deteriorating rate changes 61
Table 4.2. Sensitivity analysis when fixed demand rate changes 61
Table 4.3. Sensitivity analysis when the rebate-dependent demand rate changes 62
Table 4.4. Sensitivity analysis when the price-dependent demand rate changes 62
Table 4.5. Sensitivity analysis when the demand ratio influenced by price effect changes 62
Table 4.6. Sensitivity analysis when the demand ratio influenced by rebate effect changes 63
Table 4.7. Sensitivity analysis when resource-in-special-sale setup cost changes 63
Table 4.8. Sensitivity analysis when the special sale price changes 63
Table 4.9. Sensitivity analysis when the purchase cost changes 64
Table 4.10. Sensitivity analysis when the selling price changes 64


LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 General supply chain frameworks 2
Figure 3.1 The behavior of the production-inventory chain 17
Figure 3.2 The proposed flow of model achieving 18
Figure 3.3 The inventory level of the manufacturer’s workstation m 21
Figure 3.4 Genetic algorithm flows 30
Figure 3.5 Chromosome structure 31
Figure 3.6 Computing time with generations 33
Figure 3.7 Total cost with generations 35
Figure 4.1 The relevant factors of the inventory problem 38
Figure 4.2 The behavior of the retailer in the proposed supply chain 38
Figure 4.3 The behavior of the inventory level for the proposed model 45
Figure 4.4 The relationship between special sale period and supplier’s selling price increase 47
Figure 4.5 PIPD vs. change rate (various parameters) 59
Figure 4.6 Selling price vs. change rate (various parameters) 59

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