臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文完成奈米流體內粒子懸浮性之分析。主要目的在探討不同重力場作用下，製備參數對流體內粒子懸浮能力之影響。首先，我們藉由化學共沉法以製備磁鐵礦奈米粒子。接著，我們藉由溶膠凝膠法以包覆穩定劑層於奈米粒子，再透過改變不同烘乾去水條件以製備煤油基奈米流體之成品。進一步，透過X光繞射儀以鑑定奈米材料成份及推估材料晶粒尺寸。最後，透過透光分析儀以分析奈米流體內粒子懸浮性。
研究結果發現，共沉時之pH值和攪拌速度對材料晶粒尺寸影響甚大，晶粒尺寸越小，奈米流體內粒子可獲得較好之懸浮性。包覆時之pH值越高，奈米流體內粒子懸浮能力越好；而溫度越高，懸浮能力一開始越好，隨後則越差。烘乾時之溫度較低和壓力較低，奈米流體內粒子懸浮能力可獲得較好之表現。

This paper presents a study on the analysis of particle suspension of nanofluids. The main purpose is to study the influence of preparation parameters on suspension ability of particles in fluids under various gravitational fields. First, we prepare magnetite nanoparticles by the co-precipitation method. Then, we coat a stabilizer layer on each nanoparticle by the sol-gel method, and further change different drying conditions to prepare kerosene-based nanofluids. Also, through the X-ray diffractometer to identify the nanomaterial composition and estimation the material crystallite size. Finally, through the light transmission meter to analyze the suspension of particles in nanofluids.
Results reveal that when the pH value and stirring speed in the co-precipitation procedure have significant effects on the material crystallite size. As the crystallite size decreases, nanoparticles can achieve better suspension in nanofluids. As for the sol-gel procedure, when the pH value increases, the suspension ability of particles in nanofluids rises; when the temperature increase, the ability is first enhanced and then reduced. For the drying procedure it is found that a nanofiuid can have a better suspension at a lower temperature and a higher pressure.

目錄
中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
符號說明 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究動機 3
1-3 論文結構 3
第二章 製備方法與流程 5
2-1 粒子製備方法 5
2-2 粒子製程及實驗參數 8
2-3 流體製備方法 10
2-4 流體製程及實驗參數 13
第三章 量測方法與結果 17
3-1 材料鑑定原理 17
3-2 粒子特性分析 22
3-3 粒子懸浮性分析 27
第四章 總結 34
4-1 結論 34
4-2 展望 35
參考文獻 36
附錄A 實驗結果 40
附錄B 製程設備 53
附錄C 製備材料 59
自述 61
個人著作 62


表目錄
表2-1.1 常見製備奈米粒子之方法 7
表2-3.1 不同載液之磁性奈米流體特性與用途 11
表2-3.2 不同載液之可搭配穩定劑 12
表3-2.1 常見氧化鐵生成物及其性質 24
表3-2.2 不同製程之粒經大小 24
表A.1 實驗一、共沉之鹼性溶液濃度效應。製程A 40
表A.2 實驗一、共沉之鹼性溶液濃度效應。製程B 41
表A.3 實驗一、共沉之鹼性溶液濃度效應。製程C 42
表A.4 實驗二、包覆pH值效應。pH = 8 43
表A.5 實驗二、包覆pH值效應。pH = 11 44
表A.6 實驗二、包覆pH值效應。pH = 14 45
表A.7 實驗三、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。25℃ 46
表A.8 實驗三、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。50℃ 47
表A.9 實驗三、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。75℃ 48
表A.10 實驗四、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。烘箱溫度60 ℃/壓力 760 torr 49
表A.11 實驗四、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。烘箱溫度60 ℃/壓力70 torr 50
表A.12 實驗四、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。烘箱溫度90 ℃/壓力 760 torr 51
表A.13 實驗四、實驗溫度對懸浮性之影響。烘箱溫度90 ℃/壓力70 torr 52


圖目錄
圖3-1.1 X光自晶格平面之反射示意圖 20
圖3-1.2 X光繞射儀 20
圖3-1.3 透光分析儀 21
圖3-2.1 製程A之X光繞射峰強度 25
圖3-2.2 製程B之X光繞射峰強度 25
圖3-2.3 製程C之X光繞射峰強度 26
圖3-3.1 不同粒子製程下，奈米流體內粒子懸浮性之變化 31
圖3-3.2 不同包覆pH值下，奈米流體內粒子懸浮性之變化 31
圖3-3.3 不同包覆溫度下，奈米流體內粒子懸浮性之變化 32
圖3-3.4 不同烘乾條件下，奈米流體內粒子懸浮性之變化 32
圖3-3.5 溫度過高時，油酸之變化 33
圖3-3.6 水份未完全去除時，煤油基奈米流體之變化 33
圖B.1 去離子水製造機 53
圖B.2 超音波震盪機 53
圖B.3 離心機 54
圖B.4 超音波細胞破碎儀 54
圖B.5 電子天秤 55
圖B.6 蠕動泵浦 55
圖B.7 真空烘箱 56
圖B.8 加熱台 56
圖B.9 真空泵浦 57
圖B.10 高架攪拌機 57
圖B.11 電源供應器 58
圖B.12 多功能Ph計 58
圖C.1 實驗藥品(左起：NaOH、FeCl3及FeCl2．4H2O) 59
圖C.2 實驗藥品(左起；油酸、甲醇及丙酮) 59
圖C.3 實驗藥品(煤油) 60

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