本研究以乙醇萃取烏拉草 (學名：Carex meyeriana Kunth) 之莖葉，分析其抗氧化、抗發炎、美白抑制酪胺酸酶、UV吸光值、UV防護能力及光安定性等化妝品活性。烏拉草於中藥藥理上有袪寒、除濕、活絡、止痛、抗菌等功效，但文獻中未見其於化妝品之應用。並將烏拉草實際添加於化妝品噴霧防矖乳液配方中，觀察其安定性是否符合市售貨架規範。
萃取方式以乙醇浸泡烏拉草之莖葉24小時，再減壓濃縮、真空乾燥24小時，得到墨綠色浸膏，萃取率為5.15%。主要成分以HPLC方式分析木犀草素 (Luteolin) 之含量，結果為木犀草素占浸膏含量的1.83%，數據顯示為百里香萃取 (Thyme extract) 之4.7倍。
抗氧化部分總酚含量為196.6 mg GAE/g，DPPH自由基清除能力測定IC50為58.86ppm，數據顯示抗氧化能力高於龍膽萃取物 (Gentian extract) 及五倍子 (Rhus chinensis Mill) 等中草藥萃取物。而1%烏拉草萃取物超氧自由基清除率之Trolox 當量抗氧化能力 (TEAC) 值為0.40 mM。
抑制5-脂質氧合酶 (5-LOX) 抗發炎之IC50為277ppm約為尿囊素 (Allantoin) 之1.14倍。實驗顯示烏拉草萃取物有良好的抗發炎效果。美白效果評估以抑制酪胺酸酶活性試驗，IC50為37ppm約為麴酸之39%。為菠蘿蜜( Artocarpus heterophyllus)萃取液之2.02倍。抗紫外線防曬部份，其UV吸收光譜顯示於290nm〜350 nm有明顯吸收光譜。
本研究並設計噴霧防矖乳液配方，加入2%的烏拉草萃取物約其安定性可符合貨架二年穩定性的要求，而在含有3% Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate 及1% Avobenzone 的配方人體體外實驗 SPF提高15%，並可減緩配方防曬系數在UVB曝曬後20%的衰退現象，且對於UVA有提升作用。
綜合結果烏拉草萃取物可應用於抗氧化、抗發炎、美白及防曬產品等化妝品產品。
而在其聚山梨醇酯海藻酸鈣微膠囊之製備的實驗中，使用高G值的海藻酸鈉溶液與聚山梨醇酯、荷荷芭油、烏拉草萃取液及水乳化後，經由注射筒式泵浦將其滴定入乳酸鈣溶液中使其成為微膠囊膠體。
結果發現加入聚山梨醇酯-20可以增加海藻酸鈉乳化溶液之安定性。海藻酸鈣微膠囊的直徑與真圓度則與海藻酸鈉乳化溶液中海藻酸鈉的濃度有絕對關係，因海藻酸鈉的濃度影響到乳化溶液的黏度，使用含有1%海藻酸鈉、15%荷荷芭油的條件能得到最佳的海藻酸鈣微膠囊直徑與真圓度。海藻酸鈣微膠囊成膜性及海藻酸鈣微膠囊安定性則與海藻酸鈉濃度有關，濃度較高之微膠囊其成膜性及安定性越高。
而若將聚山梨醇酯海藻酸鈣微膠囊運用在化妝品的應用，則希望能得到真圓度佳、成膜性低(易於塗抺)及安定性佳的顆粒。綜合以上需求則以含1%海藻酸鈉、15%荷荷芭油、1% 聚山梨醇酯-20配比製備之微膠囊為最佳條件。

The objective of this study was to characterize the Luteolin composition and evaluate the antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, tyrosinase inhibitory activities, UV absorption value, UV block property and photostability of the Carex meyeriana Kunth extract. We got the dark green ethanol extract and the extraction rate is 5.15%. Analysis of Luteolin in Carex meyeriana Kunth extract was using HPLC, the concentration is 1.83%, and the data showed that is 4.7 times of Thyme extract.
In the antioxidant activity, Carex meyeriana Kunth extract contains the total phenolic content (196.6 mg of gallic acid equivalents, GAE) in large amount and exhibited great DPPH free radical scavenging capacity (IC50 =58.86 ppm). The data showed the antioxidant capacity is higher than Gentian extract, Rhus chinensis Mill Chinese herbal extract and other Chinese herbal extracts. The superoxide radical scavenging rate of 1% Carex meyeriana Kunth extract was 0.40 mM trolox (trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity TEAC).
The anti-inflammatory activity of Carex meyeriana Kunth extract was measured by 5-lipoxygenase inhibition assay （IC50 =277 ppm）, and that is 1.14 times of Allantoin.
In the tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Carex meyeriana Kunth extract was using tyrosine and tyrosinase to evaluate the skin-whitening activity （IC50 =37.69 ppm）, and that is 0.39 times of Allantoin, 2.02 times of Artocarpus heterophyllus extract. The Carex meyeriana Kunth extract has obviously absorption peaks at 290nm〜350 nm UV absorption spectra.
A spray sunscreen recipe of Carex meyeriana Kunth extract was designed in this study. The formula stability test was very well and the shelf-life was prove about two year. In UV protection test, 1% Carex meyeriana Kunth extract can improve 0.5 SPF value, and it can decrease 20% decadent of chemical UV block in the study recipe.
Comprehensive results showed that the Carex meyeriana Kunth extract had the great potential in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy and it also had the great potential in anti-photoaging, skin-whitening and increase the UV-block efficacy which could be used as a novel multi-function ingredient for cosmetic products.
In this study, we emulsified high G alginate, polysorbate-20, Jojoba oil, Carex meyeriana Kunth extract and water to emulsified solution. Then the solution was used syringe pump to prepare the polysorbate calcium alginate microcapsules.
There are some results we could identify in this study. The first is polysorbate-20 could improve the stability of alginate emulsified solution. The second is the diameter and spherical shape of microcapsules are dependent on the viscosity of the alginate emulsified solution. We can get the best spherical shape of microcapsules when the alginate emulsified solution content of 1% alginate and 15% jojoba oil. The third is the film and stability of microcapsules are dependent on the concentration of alginate. We increase the concentration of alginate, and get the higher film and stability of microcapsules.
When the polysorbate calcium alginate microcapsule was used in the cosmetic products, it must have spherical shape, thin flim and very stable. Summery these condition, we can got the best microcapsule when the experiment recipe was 1% alginate , 15% jojoba oil and 1% polysorbate-20.

中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 IV
目錄 VII
圖目錄 X
表目錄 XII
壹、前言 1
PART I 烏拉草萃取物之化妝品活性探討 1
一、極地植物化妝品市場趨勢 1
二、極地植物與抗氧化作用 4
三、極地植物的美白與酪胺酸酶抑制作用 7
四、極地植物抗發炎活性與脂質氧合酶抑制法 13
五、化妝品防矖機制 16
六、極地植物化妝品生物活性文獻彙整 18
七、烏拉草簡介 19
(一) 烏拉草的植物型態 19
(二) 烏拉草的生物活性 21
八、研究動機 25
PART II聚山梨醇酯海藻酸鈣微膠囊之製備 26
一、海藻酸鈣膠體簡介 26
二、海藻酸鈣膠體製備原理海藻酸鈣膠體簡介 26
三、海藻酸鈉溶液的M/G比例 27
四、海藻酸鈉溶液的黏度 27
五、影響海藻膠體顆粒大小及形狀之因素 27
六、影響海藻膠體強度的因子 28
七、海藻酸膠體包覆油脂因子 29
八、研究動機 30
貳、材料與方法 32
PART I 烏拉草萃取物之化妝品活性探討 32
一、研究流程 32
二、烏拉草之萃取 33
三、木犀草素含量分析 34
四、烏拉草萃取物之抗氧化活性測試 35
(一) 總酚含量測定 36
(二) DPPH 自由基清除率試驗 37
(三) 清除 ABTS .+ 總抗氧化能力試驗 37
五、抗發炎活性-體外脂質氧合酶抑制法 39
六、酪胺酸酶活性抑制能力測定美白活性 40
七、烏拉草萃取物吸收光譜測定 41
八、烏拉草噴霧防曬乳配方設計 41
九、烏拉草噴霧防曬乳物化性及安定性測試 45
十、CK Sunscreen之體外UVB防曬係數測定 46
十一、CK Sunscreen之光安定性測定 48
PART II聚山梨醇酯海藻酸鈣微膠囊之製備 49
一、研究流程 49
二、海藻酸鈉乳化溶液配製 50
三、海藻酸鈉乳化溶液安定性(emulsion stability，ES)測試 51
四、微膠囊製備條件探討 53
五、海藻酸鈣微膠囊製備 53
六、海藻酸鈣微膠囊外形測量 54
七、海藻酸鈣微膠囊成膜效率測試 55
八、海藻酸鈣微膠囊安定性測試 56
參、結果與討論 57
PART I 烏拉草萃取物之化妝品活性探討 57
一、烏拉草之萃取率 57
二、木犀草素含量評估 57
三、烏拉草萃取物之抗氧化活性評估 59
（一）總酚含量評估 59
（二）DPPH自由基清除能力能力評估 60
（三）清除 ABTS. + 自由基抗氧化能力評估 60
四、體外脂質氧合酶抑制能力評估 64
五、酪胺酸酶活性抑制能力測定美白活性評估 65
六、烏拉草萃取物吸收光譜結果分析 67
七、烏拉草噴霧防曬乳(CK Sunscreen) 物化性及安定性分析 68
八、烏拉草防曬乳(CK Sunscreen)之體外UV防護能力評估 68
PART II聚山梨醇酯海藻酸鈣微膠囊之製備 81
一、海藻酸鈉乳化溶液安定性(emulsion stability，ES) 分析 71
二、海藻酸鈣微膠囊粒徑分析 71
三、海藻酸鈣微膠囊成膜性評估 75
四、海藻酸鈣微膠囊安定性評估 75
五、海藻酸鈣微膠囊綜合比較 78
肆、結論 80
伍、參考文獻 83

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