臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

[論文題目一]
青心烏龍茶葉為台灣主要茶葉之一，每日適量攝取可預防心血管疾病或是肥胖等等。近數十年來，由於其他產茶國以較低廉生產成本之劣質茶仿台茶或是以進口茶混充國產茶進行高價售出，使得台灣茶產業受到強烈的衝擊；在台灣，雖有經濟部智慧財產局的產地證明標章來保障茶葉的品質，但由於評斷偏於主觀，例如依據其外觀、水色、香氣、滋味等等來判別，因此需要客觀的科學根據來評論。目前有許多文獻利用蛋白質體學找尋表現量差異的蛋白質，了解環境對生物體的影響、藥物的機制、生物標記的發現等等。為了確保各產茶區之獨特完整性，消費者可買到百分百產地茶，避免不明來源之茶葉魚目混珠，因此本篇目的為利用蛋白質體學技術，二維膠體電泳搭配 nano-LC-MS/MS 進行研究，探討不同產茶地區的國產青心烏龍茶葉與國外產的青心烏龍茶葉之蛋白質表現差異，找尋產地特異辨識之分子標誌。本研究以國內外 22 組不同產地的春季青心烏龍茶葉進行蛋白質體實驗，獲得的蛋白質表現強度可以藉由軟體的轉換得到的數值，藉由統計軟體演算出具有代表性的特徵蛋白質點來區分不同產地，搭配生物資訊的方法將 22 個產地所獲得的大量蛋白質強度數據整合成一個資料庫，建立了區分青心烏龍茶葉的產地之平台。此平台可應用於檢測茶葉產地並產生輔助茶農建立自產茶葉的生產履歷，確保台灣茶葉的地位；另一方面，對於消費者而言，飲用安全性獲得提升，也減少茶葉買賣糾紛。

[論文題目二]
降血糖藥物能夠使得血液中的血糖降低，達到治療、控制糖尿病病人的效果，但有部分人士為達私人目的，利用藥物使得身體處於低血糖的狀態。目前已有文獻利用 LC-MS/MS 進行降血糖藥物快速檢測，但尚未有任何研究利用 MALDI-TOF MS 進行偵測。MALDI-TOF MS 在小分子 (m/z < 500) 分析時，因有機基質的訊號，進而干擾及抑制分析物，造成分析困難，因此為了解決有機基質干擾的問題，無機基質之 SALDI-TOF MS 便為一重要的研究方向。氧化石墨烯 (graphene oxide, GO) 為無機材料之一，有研究利用 GO 對長鏈脂肪酸進行純化並利用 MALDI-TOF MS 進行檢測。氧化鐵奈米粒子 (iron oxide nanoparticles, IONP) 具有超順磁性，不會互相有磁性而導致聚集；高表面積，容易具官能基修飾；低沉澱速率，穩定性高；低毒性、生物相容性好，人體不會排斥；目前已應用於生物醫學、臨床的治療與檢測，曾有文獻利用有修飾官能基之 IONP 對小分子進行濃縮並利用 MALDI-TOF MS 進行分析。因此，本篇目的為利用 IO@SLGO、IO@FLGO2-4、IO@FLGO4-8 之不同氧化鐵-石墨烯奈米團簇對人體尿液中之降血糖藥物進行吸附濃縮以及 SALDI-TOF MS 之檢測，並比較此三種奈米團簇之吸附濃縮效果。

[論文題目一]
Oolong tea is one of the major teas in Taiwan, drinking of tea appropriately can prevent cardiovascular disease, obesity and cancer, etc. Recently, the cheap-cost and the poor-quality of the foreign teas have made to imitate Taiwan oolong tea or blend the low-quality foreign teas with Taiwan oolong teas, and sell it at high price; it results in a strong impact on Taiwan oolong teas’ industry. There are origin certification marks to insure the quality of teas grant from intellectual property office in Taiwan, but the judgment is subjective, for instance, the morphology, color, smell, taste, etc. So, it’s need objective scientific basis to judge the teas. So far, several studies used proteomics method to find out the significant expression of proteins, to understand the effects of environments on creatures, the mechanisms of drugs and biomarker discovery, and so on. To assure the integrity of each producing area of oolong tea, 100% original tea can be bought by consumers, and avoid the blending low-quality foreign teas with Taiwan oolong teas, herein, 2-DE and nano-LC-MS/MS was applied to the comparative proteomics analysis of the teas with different production place, to find out the specific proteins as biomarkers for the certification of origins. In this study, we used the spring oolong teas came from 22 different product places to do the proteomics experiments, the protein expression intensity could be measured by software, and used the statistical analysis system to choose the feature protein spots to distinguish the different product places, and then, a database was built by bioinformatics, to establish the platform to
 
distinguish the oolong teas product places. This platform could be used in forecasting the produce places and gave each tea farmer a product resume; on the other hand, it is safer to consumers, and also decreases the dispute of commerce.

[論文題目二]
Hypoglycemic drugs can reduce the level of blood sugar; they are used to treat or control the level of blood sugar in diabetes patients, but there is some people uses the drugs to lower the normal blood suger to feel sick to achieve personal purposes. So far, there are many studies using LC-MS/MS to develop rapid methods to analyze Glimepiride, but there has no study showed the analysis of Glimepiride by using MALDI-TOF MS. When analyzing small molecular (m/z < 500) with MALDI-TOF MS, there are many matrix peaks in the area, it will interfere or suppress the signals of small molecules, results in the difficulties of analysis, to overcome the disadvantage, SALDI-TOF MS has been developed, it can resolve the problem. Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the inorganic materials, there was a study reported that they used GO to enrich the long-chain fatty acid, and analyzed with MALDI-TOF MS. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP), its superparamagnetism leads no self-aggregate, and it has high surface area to modify with functional groups, and its low rate of precipitation indicates that it’s stable, and there’s no rejection on human body because of its low toxic, good biocompatibility, and it can be apply to biomedicine, the therapy and detection of clinical. There is a study showed that they used the modified IONP to enrich small molecule and analysis with MALDI-TOF MS. Here in, our purpose is that using IO@SLGO, IO@FLGO2-4, IO@FLGO4-8, the different type of nanoclusters, to enrich the hypoglycemic drugs in human urine and analysis it with SALDI-TOF MS, and make comparisons between them.

[論文題目一]
第一章 緒論 I-1
第一節 前言 I-1
第二節 茶葉簡介 I-2
第三節 前人研究 I-4
3.1 蛋白質體學技術 I-4
3.2 植物蛋白體研究 I-6
3.3 茶葉蛋白質體研究 I-9
第四節 研究動機與目標 I-9
第五節 研究流程 I-11
第二章 研究材料與方法 I-12
第一節 研究材料 I-12
第二節 蛋白質體分析 I-12
2.1 茶葉蛋白質萃取 I-12
2.2 二維膠體電泳分析 I-13
2.3 銀染 I-14
2.4 膠體內酵素水解 I-15
2.5 質譜分析 I-15
2.6 蛋白質資料庫比對 I-16
第三節 生物資訊分析 I-17
3.1 蛋白質點於二維膠體上之量化 I-17
3.2 特徵選取 I-17
3.3 演算法之測試 I-19
3.4 Gene Ontology 蛋白質功能分析 I-19
第三章 結果與討論 I-20
第一節 青心烏龍茶葉之外觀 I-20
第二節 青心烏龍茶葉之二維膠體電泳圖 I-20
第三節 二維電泳膠圖之數據轉換 I-21
第四節 特徵蛋白質選取 I-21
第五節 演算法測試與茶葉產地之蛋白質資料庫建立 I-21
第六節 蛋白質身份鑑定 I-22
第七節 特徵蛋白質點之 Gene Ontology 分析與討論 I-22
第八節 重要特徵蛋白質點之討論 I-26
第九節 區分茶葉產地平台之未來應用 I-28
第四章 結論 I-29
參考文獻 I-63

[論文題目二]
第一章 緒論 II-1
第一節 前言 II-1
第二節 降血糖藥物之介紹 II-2
第三節 石墨烯之介紹 II-3
第四節 氧化鐵奈米粒子之介紹 II-4
第五節 質譜儀簡介 II-5
5.1 MALDI-TOF MS 之原理與發展 II-6
5.2 SALDI-TOF MS 之原理與發展 II-7
第六節 研究動機 II-9
第七節 實驗流程 II-10
第二章 研究材料與設備 II-11
第一節 藥品與溶劑 II-11
第二節 實驗儀器與設備 II-11
第三章 材料與方法 II-13
第一節 氧化鐵-石墨烯奈米團簇做為吸附濃縮小分子且為基質之材料 II-13
1.1 氧化鐵-石墨烯奈米團簇的種類及其合成原理 II-13
1.2 不同稀釋倍數之 IO@GO 直接分析 Glimepiride 之訊號 II-13
1.3 IO@GO 對 glimepiride 之吸附濃縮反應 II-14
1.4 IO@GO 之反應體積最佳化 II-15
1.5 IO@GO 吸附濃縮反應之樣品反應時間最佳化 II-16
1.6 利用 IO@GO 進行吸附反應之 glimepiride 濃度最低偵測極限 II-17
1.7 真實樣品-藥物之測試 II-17
1.8 真實樣品-正常人尿液之測試 II-18
1.9 真實樣品-服藥病人尿液之測試 II-18
1.10 質譜儀參數條件 II-19
第二節 質譜儀器裝置 II-19
第四章 結果與討論 II-20
第一節 不同稀釋倍數之 IO@GO 直接分析 glimepiride 之訊號 II-20
第二節 IO@GO 對 glimepiride 之吸附濃縮反應 II-20
第三節 IO@GO 吸附濃縮反應之奈米團簇體積最佳化 II-20
第四節 IO@GO 吸附濃縮反應之樣品反應時間最佳化 II-21
第五節 利用 IO@GO 進行吸附反應之 glimepiride 濃度最低偵測極限 II-21
第六節 真實樣品-藥物測試 II-22
第七節 真實樣品-正常人尿液之測試 II-22
第八節 真實樣品-服藥病人尿液之測試 II-23
第五章 結論 II-25
參考文獻 II-39

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