本研究主要係探討桿菌屬有益細菌對芭菲爾鞋蘭氮肥吸收與同化之影響。有益細菌以澆灌、混拌於介質中及加入霧耕液中三種方式施用。定期調查植體含氮化合物及硝酸還原酶活性，並分析植體營養元素含量，以了解有益桿菌屬細菌對芭菲爾鞋蘭氮肥吸收及同化之影響。施用枯草桿菌及不同肥料於粗介質栽培之芭菲爾鞋蘭 180 天，施用枯草桿菌及好康多肥處理可顯著提高 Paphiopedilum spicerianum 及 Paph. niveum 植株鮮重相對增長量。無論肥料種類，持續施用枯草桿菌 180 天後，Paph. spicerianum及 Paph. niveum 植體氮含量顯著較高，且在為期一年的調查結果顯示，無論施用的肥料種類，施用枯草桿菌處理導致芭菲爾鞋蘭Paph. niveum之可溶性蛋白質、游離胺基酸及硝酸還原酶增加，尤其根部較為明顯。於椰纖混合介質混拌蕈狀桿菌加矽藻土或單獨使用矽藻土70及150天後，混拌蕈狀桿菌加矽藻土分別可提高Paph. spicerianum根部氮含量至1.68% 及 1.84%，且混拌蕈狀桿菌加矽藻土及單獨使用矽藻土對植株鮮重相對增長量皆顯著的高於對照組。混拌蕈狀桿菌加矽藻土 70 天，根部游離胺基酸含量達8.8μmol/g FW，顯著高於單獨使用矽藻土及對照組。混拌蕈狀桿菌加矽藻土 150 天，地上部及根部之硝酸還原酶活性高於對照組。以修改過之 1/4 Hoagland 全銨或全硝養液為氮源，於霧氣耕養液中添加枯草桿菌或蕈狀桿菌，培養 2 個月。結果顯示，施用有益桿菌添加劑於全銨為氮源的Paph. spicerianum植株，提高硝酸還原酶活性的效果較全硝處理明顯，且施用蕈狀桿菌植株根部之硝酸還原酶活性顯著高於施用枯草桿菌。根部游離胺基酸含量以對照組為最高，枯草桿菌次之，蕈狀桿菌最低；但根部可溶性蛋白質含量呈相反之趨勢。顯示施用枯草桿菌及蕈狀桿菌可促進胺基酸合成蛋白質。此外，添加有益桿菌添加劑於全銨養液，導致養液中的游離硝濃度隨著培養的時間而增加。顯示有益桿菌有強效的硝化能力，進而促進芭菲爾鞋蘭生長。

The objective of this study was to research the effects of beneficial Bacillus spp. on Paphiopedilum orchids of nitrogen uptaked and assimilated. Beneficial bacteria was applied as watered, mixed with coir mix as well as superadd to fogponics system.　Regular to investigated into nitrogen compounds and nitrate reductase activity, and analyze of nutritious elements on plant, to understand the effects of beneficial Bacillus spp. on Paphiopedilum orchids of nitrogen uptaked and assimilated.Bacillus subtilis applied and different fertilizer treament for 180 days on Paphiopedilum orchids, effective Bacillus subtilis applied with Hi-control caused improve fresh weight relative growth rate of Paphiopedilum spicerianum and Paph. niveum, but no effect after that. Regardless of the type of fertilizer, application of Bacillus subtilis at 180 days after treatment that caused improve nitrogen contents of Paphiopedilum spicerianum and Paph. niveum. Regardless of the type of fertilizer, application of Bacillus subtilis caused improve free amino acid, nitrate reductase activity and soluble protein in shoot and root of Paph. niveum.Bacillus mycoides with diatom and alone diatom applied mixed in coir mix that caused improve nitrogen contents and fresh weight relative growth rate at 70 and 150 days after treatment, Bacillus mycoides applied mixed in coir mix that caused improve free amino acid contents on root at 70 days after treatment.Different types of nitrogen source (nitrogen-N and ammonia-N) which was a modified 1/4 Hoagland solution. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mycoides superadd to fogponics system at 2 months. Application of Bacillus subtilis superadd to ammonia-N solution that caused improve nitrate reductase activity than nitrogen-N solution. The free amino acid contents in root was hightest in CK, but lowest in Bacillus mycoides treatment.

摘要 ii
Abstract iiii
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viiii
前言(Introduction) 1
前人研究(Literrature review) 3
一、芭菲爾鞋蘭屬原生地及植株性狀 3
二、栽培介質介紹 3
三、枯草桿菌簡介及對植株生長促進上的功效 4
　　　　(一)枯草桿菌簡介 4
　　　　(二)桿菌屬細菌對植株生長促進上的功效 5
　　　　(三)桿菌屬細菌與蘭科植物的關係 5
四、植物對氮肥吸收與同化: 6
　　　　(一)植物對無機態氮的吸收 6
　　　　(二)植物對有機態氮的吸收 7
　　　　(三)植物對氮素的同化 7
材料與方法(Materials and Methods) 9
試驗一、枯草桿菌添加劑及不同肥料對芭菲爾鞋蘭生長之影響 9
一、試驗材料 9
二、試驗方法 9
三、統計分析: 13
試驗二、蕈狀桿菌添加劑對芭菲爾鞋蘭生長之影響 14
一、試驗材料 14
二、試驗方法 14
三、統計分析 14
試驗三、桿菌添加劑及不同氮源型態對霧氣耕芭菲爾鞋蘭生長之影響 14
一、試驗材料 15
二、試驗方法 15
三、統計分析 16
結果(Results) 17
試驗一、枯草桿菌添加劑及不同肥料對芭菲爾鞋蘭生長之影響 17
一、施用枯草桿菌添加劑及不同肥料對芭菲爾鞋蘭相對增長量之影響 17
二、施用枯草桿菌添加劑及不同肥料對芭菲爾鞋蘭植體元素之影響 17
三、施用枯草桿菌添加劑及不同肥料對芭菲爾鞋蘭可溶性蛋白質、游離胺基酸及硝酸還原酶之影響 19
試驗二、蕈狀桿菌添加劑對芭菲爾鞋蘭生長之影響 21
一、混拌蕈狀桿菌添加劑或矽藻土於椰纖混合介質對芭菲爾鞋蘭相對增長量之影響 21
二、混拌蕈狀桿菌添加劑或矽藻土於椰纖混合介質對芭菲爾鞋蘭植體元素之影響 21
三、混拌蕈狀桿菌添加劑或矽藻土於椰纖混合介質對芭菲爾鞋蘭可溶性蛋白質、游離胺基酸及硝酸還原酶 21
試驗三、桿菌添加劑及不同氮源型態對霧氣耕芭菲爾鞋蘭生長之影響 23
一、施用桿菌添加劑及不同氮源型態對霧氣耕芭菲爾鞋蘭游離胺基酸、可溶性 　　蛋白質及硝酸還原酶的影響 23
二、霧氣耕培養1-8週後各處理養液中游離硝及游離銨之變化 23
三、霧氣耕培養1週後各處理養液中大量元素及微量元素之變化 23
討論(Discussion) 24
結論(Conclusion) 29
參考文獻(References) 71
附錄(Appendix) 85

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