臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以預聚合程序的方式使用芳香族二異氰酸酯(TDI、MDI)與不同分子量(400g/mol、1000 g/mol) 之醚類聚醇Poly(oxypropylene) glycol (PPG)以及1,4-Butane diol (1,4-BD)，合成MDI / PPG 1000-based PUs、TDI / PPG 1000-based PUs、TDI / PPG 1000 / PPG 400-based PUs三系列之聚氨酯薄膜，之後再加入3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APrTMOS)逐步取代1,4-BD，合成出Poly(urethane-urea)-Silica的聚氨酯矽石混成薄膜。接著再以5、10 phr含量之聚氨酯與環氧樹脂摻合。探討聚氨酯材料組成結構的變化對於熱穩定性、尺寸安定性與機械性質及增韌環氧樹脂之影響。
由熱重損失測試(TGA)之結果顯示，所有PU材料之熱穩定性會隨著APrTMOS的含量增加而提升。而熱機械分析(TMA)之結果顯示PU材料隨者APrTMOS的添加，熱膨脹係數(Coefficient of thermal expansion)顯著下降，對於尺寸安定性亦有相當大的貢獻。
機械性質方面，由動態機械分析儀(DMA)結果顯示，隨著APrTMOS含量的增加，聚氨酯薄膜儲存模數(Storage modulus)顯著上升，拉伸試驗顯示，抗張強度(Tensile strength)會隨著APrTMOS含量增加而提升；而斷裂伸長率(Elongation at break)隨著APrTMOS含量提升而逐漸下降，但隨著軟質鏈段的分子量的增加而提升。
含silica之聚氨酯可與環氧樹脂中的環氧基團進行反應而硬化可同時作為增韌劑兼交聯劑。由衝擊試驗得知，該聚氨酯/環氧樹脂摻合物與純的環氧樹脂相比，耐衝擊強度增加，熱性質隨著PU含量而降低也隨著PU中之APrTMOS之含量的增加而增加。

Poly(urethane-urea)-Silica films were prepared by using toluene diisocyanate(TDI) or 4,4’-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), Poly(oxypropylene) glycol (PPG) (400g/mol,1000 g/mol) and 1,4-Butane diol plus 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane synthesized and then knife-coating, heat cured. Following adding 5 or 10 phrs of Poly(urethane-urea)-Silicas blend with epoxy resin to discuss thermal stability, size stability and mechanical properties. PUUS containing siloxane groups could make reaction with epoxide group in the epoxy resin. It could be used as both toughener and crosslinking agent. Blend comparing to pure epoxy, the impact strength increases, but the thermal stability only slightly decreased as the content of PUUS increased.,
TGA results show that the thermal stability of M10, T10, T14, material increase as the APrTMOS content increased. TMA results show that M10, T10, T14, when the APrTMOS added, the thermal expansion coefficient (Coefficient of thermal expansion) significantly decreased, which means the dimensional stability is also a considerable contribution.
Mechanical properties results show that, when content of APrTMOS increased, the storage modulus and tensile strength of polyurethane film significantly increased. While, the elongation at break will be decreased as content of APrTMOS, but increased as the molecular weight of soft segment increased.
The impact test result shows that the blends of polyurethane/epoxy resin were higher than pure epoxy, but the Tg values decrease as the content of PU and increase as the APrTMOS content increased.

中文摘要 i
Abstract iii
致謝 iv
目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2-1 聚氨酯(Polyurethane, PU)之發展沿革 5
2-2 聚氨酯的結構與性能 7
2-3 PU的微相分離理論 22
2-4 聚氨酯/二氧化矽 複合材料 26
2-5 環氧樹脂簡介 27
2-6 環氧樹脂的硬化 29
2-7 環氧樹脂硬化劑簡介 30
2-8 增韌環氧樹脂 31
第三章 實驗部分 33
3-2 實驗藥品與材料 33
3-3 實驗步驟 37
3-4儀器與設備 41
第四章 結果與討論 45
4.1全反射式傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜(FTIR-ATR)分析 45
4.2 ESCA表面性質分析 51
4.3熱穩定性質分析：熱裂解溫度 57
4.4熱機械分析儀(TMA)分析：尺寸安定性 72
4.5動態機械分析儀(DMA)分析 76
4.6拉伸試驗 92
4.7衝擊試驗 96
第五章 結論 104
參考文獻 107

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