臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

氧化矽孔洞材料因爲具有廣泛的應用性，如作爲吸附劑、固態模板、催化擔體、電極材料、高分子材料填充劑等，引起許多研究的關注。本論文將研究以中孔洞氧化矽材料作為高分子材料的摻合物及以中孔洞氧化矽做為奈米銀的載體以應用做為抗菌材料。
實驗中以實驗室最基本的中孔洞氧化矽為試驗的出發點，先進行與高結晶性聚縮醛塑膠之摻合試驗，以機械熔融混練的方式，將中孔洞氧化矽分散於聚縮醛塑膠，由實驗結果顯示，可提升聚縮醛塑膠的剛性，但在此同時會使靭性下降。
再者將中孔洞氧化矽材料與聚氯乙烯進行共聚合反應，跳脫一般以機械熔融混練的摻合方式，主要用意是藉此提升中孔洞材料在高分子材料內的分散性，由實驗結果顯示，中孔洞氧化矽材料與實心的奈米二氧化矽比較，中孔洞氧化矽雖會使聚氯乙烯的拉伸強度微幅下降，但在伸長率方面確有大幅度的提升，而實心的奈心二氧化矽亦會使聚氯乙烯的拉伸強度微幅下降，但在伸長率方面卻沒有明顯的助益，可知中孔洞氧化矽材料對於聚氯乙烯的剛性不影響，但在靭性方面是有提升的效能。
最後將含有奈米銀的中孔洞氧化矽作為抗菌材料，應用於醋酸乙烯-乙烯乳液的界面活性劑(PVA)中進行抗菌試驗，由實驗結果顯示，含有奈米銀的凝膠態中孔洞氧化矽有明顯的抗菌效果，但此材料為深紅褐色，若要使用於白色的乳液上便不適合，將此凝膠態的奈米銀中孔洞氧化矽材料經800℃煅燒後，可得白色粉體，進行抗菌圈的試驗，亦有抗菌的效果，只是抗菌的效果較差，可能是在高溫煅燒時部份的銀離子被還原或與其他物質產生強鍵結的銀化合物。

Porous silica has extensive applications in many materials. For example, to use as the absorbent, the solid state template, the catalyzed load body, the electrode material, the polymer material filler and so on. It has been concerned for many reaches. The theory will study the mesoporous silica on polymer material blending and Ag Nanoparticles @ Mesoporous Silica as Antibacteria Material.
It starts with mesoporous silica. First, to blend mesoporous silica with high crystalline polyoxymethylene. The mesoporous silica is dispersed in the polyoxymethylene with mechanical melt mixing. In the experiment, the results shows that it can enhance the rigidity of polyoxymethylene, but it will decrease the toughness at the same time.
Secondly, during the polymerization of vinyl chloride to make mesoporous silica involved in the reaction. The retreat to the mechanical melt blending, is mainly intended to enhance the mesoporous material dispersion in polymer. According to the comparisons of mesoporous silica and solid nano-silica in the experiment, mesoporous silica makes PVC tensile strength slightly decreased, but does significationly increase in elongation.
The solid nano silica would also enable the tensile strength of PVC slightly decreased, but no obvious benefit in the elongation. Shows that the mesoporous silica materials for the rigid PVC does not affect, but is enhance in toughness efficiency.
Finally, using nano silver@mesoporous silica as an antibacterial material. To apply vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion of surfactants (PVA) in the antibacterial test. The experimental results show that the nano silver@mesoporous silica gel state have significant antibacterial effect. If we apply this material on the white of emulsion, it will not be suitable because the color is cinnamon. But it we put this into 800℃, we can have white powder. In the antibacterial experiment, it shows less effect of antibacterial.

第一章 緒論 ................................................1
1.1 研究動機與目的........................................1
1.2 孔洞材料介紹 .........................................1
1.2.1 中孔洞氧化矽材料的介紹 .............................2
1.2.2 中孔洞金屬氧化矽抗菌材 .............................3
1.2.2.1 抗菌材料.....................................3
1.2.2.2 銀及其殺菌機制................................5
1.2.2.3 含奈米銀的中孔洞氧化矽材料......................6
1.3 矽酸鹽的基本概念......................................6
1.4 高分子材料介紹........................................8
1.4.1 聚縮醛樹脂介紹....................................9
1.4.2 聚氯乙烯樹脂介紹 .................................10
1.4.3 醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液 .............................12
1.5 高分子混摻...........................................13
第二章 實驗部份.............................................16
2.1 實驗材料 ............................................16
2.2 實驗設備與儀器 .......................................17
2.3 實驗流程.............................................17
2.3.1 中孔洞氧化矽材料合成...............................17
2.3.2 含奈米銀的中孔洞氧化物材料合成 ......................18
2.3.3 以中孔洞二氧化矽作為聚縮醛樹脂填充材之測試 ............18
2.3.3.1 聚摻合物的製備................................18
2.3.3.2 成型加工條件 .................................19
2.3.4 以中孔洞二氧化矽作為聚氯乙烯樹脂填充材之研究...........19
2.3.5 以中孔洞氧化劑/銀作為PVA之抗菌材之研究...............20
2.4 儀器鑑定分析..........................................20
2.4.1 熱重分析儀.......................................20
2.4.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡..................................21
2.4.3 拉伸強度試驗機....................................21
2.4.4 耐衝擊強度試驗機..................................21
2.4.5 硬度測試儀.......................................21
2.4.6 摩擦係數試驗機....................................22
2.4.7 TABER磨耗試驗機..................................22
2.4.8 積分球式分光儀....................................22
2.4.9 抗菌評估方法......................................23
第三章 以PEG高分子為模板合成中孔洞二氧化矽材料...................24
3.1 研究動機及目的........................................24
3.2 結果與討論...........................................26
3.2.1 以不同pH值進行孔洞氧化矽之合成對產物的影響的確認.......26
3.2.2 不同水熱pH值對孔洞氧化矽的影響......................27
第四章 以中孔洞氧化矽作為聚縮醛填充材之研究 .....................30
4.1 研究動機與目的........................................30
4.2 結果與討論...........................................30
4.2.1 合成後的氧化矽依不同的處理步驟對聚縮醛塑膠的影響 .......30
4.2.2 以不同模板合成的中孔洞氧化矽對聚縮醛塑膠的影響.........31
4.2.3 合成孔洞氧化矽不同熟化時間對聚縮醛塑膠的影響...........32
4.2.4 中孔洞氧化矽添加於聚縮醛塑膠對摩擦及磨耗性質的影響......32
4.3 結論................................................33
第五章 以中孔洞氧化矽作為聚氯乙烯填充材之研究....................34
5.1 研究動機與目的........................................34
5.2 結果與討論...........................................34
5.2.1 中孔洞氧化矽對聚氯乙烯色澤之影響.....................34
5.2.2 中孔洞氧化矽對聚氯乙烯拉伸性質之影響..................35
5.2.3 中孔洞氧化矽與實心奈米二氧化矽對聚氯乙烯拉伸性質之比較...36
5.3 結論................................................36
第六章 以含奈米銀之中孔洞氧化矽作為抗醋酸乙烯-乙烯乳液抗菌材料之研究.37
6.1 研究動機與目的 .......................................37
6.2 結果與討論...........................................37
6.2.1 不同奈米銀對聚乙烯醇(PVA)水溶液的抗菌效果.............38
6.3 結論................................................40
第七章 結論 ................................................41
參考資料...................................................42

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