臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討台北地區三座都市垃圾焚化廠(Neihu, Beitou and Mujha MSWI)煙道排放廢氣及周界大氣之戴奧辛／呋喃濃度及特徵。此外，本研究應用ISCST3 煙流擴散模式，針對上述三座都市垃圾焚化廠，煙道排放廢氣中戴奧辛／呋喃於周界大氣之擴散、傳輸之情形進行模擬，配合實際周界大氣戴奧辛採樣之數據比對，以評估三座都市垃圾焚化廠煙道排放廢氣對周界大氣之影響。
三座都市垃圾焚化廠煙道排放廢氣之戴奧辛／呋喃之毒性當量濃度介於0.0193~0.0277ng I-TEQ/Nm3之間，平均為0.0246ng I-TEQ/Nm3。全部低於台灣地區之法規限值0.1ng I-TEQ/Nm3。周界大氣採樣分析結果顯示，台北地區大氣中戴奧辛／呋喃之毒性當量濃度介於0.0192~0.0321 pg I-TEQ/Nm3，平均為0.0255 pgI-TEQ/Nm3，與台灣不同地區都市垃圾焚化爐周界大氣相較，皆屬於較低水準之值，若與日本法規規範之大氣戴奧辛／呋喃之毒性當量濃度(0.6 pg WHO-TEQ/m3)比較，台北地區周界大氣之戴奧辛／呋喃之毒性當量濃度，遠低於日本法規之限值。另外，本研究以ISCST3模式之大氣模擬結果顯示，三座焚化廠累加對採樣點大氣中戴奧辛／呋喃之毒性當量濃度之年貢獻百分比介於0.164~0.723%之間，平均為0.360%。根據各種污染源與大氣樣品相關性之主要成分分析顯示，周界採樣點大氣中戴奧辛／呋喃與三座焚化廠煙道廢氣之戴奧辛／呋喃特徵剖面關聯性較小，而與移動性污染源(汽車休旅車、柴油小客車、重型柴油車、機車)較為相近，顯示台北地區擬降低大氣中戴奧辛／呋喃之毒性當量濃度，應進一步控制移動性污染源之排放。

In this study, three MSWIs (Neihu, Beitou and Mujha MSWI) were investigated for PCDD/F concentrations and characteristic in the flue gas and in the ambient air by sampling. In addition, Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3) model was used tosimulate the PCDD/Fs dispersion in the atmosphere. Then, the estimated and measured concentrations were compared to assess the MSWI’s impact on the ambient air.
The average PCDD/Fs concentrations in the flue gas ranged from 0.0193~0.0277ng I-TEQ/Nm3 and averaged 0.0246ng I-TEQ/Nm3. All of the samples were less than the emission standard 0.1ng I-TEQ/Nm3. The average PCDD/Fs concentration in ambient air ranged from 0.0192 to 0.0321 pg I-TEQ/Nm3 andaveraged 0.0255 pg I-TEQ/Nm3 .The I-TEQ concentrationof in this study(Northern Taiwan) were still at the low level of the range in comparison to Central Taiwan and Southern Taiwan and lower than the quality standards proposed in Japan (0.6 pg WHO-TEQ/m3). Furthermore, the ISCST3 was applied to simulate the dispersion of PCDD/Fs in the atmosphere. The dispersion results revealed that the PCDD/Fs contribution fractionfrom the three MSWIs to the ambient airwere only 0.164~0.723% and averaged 0.360%.
According to PCA analysis for the different pollutant sources, it showed that the levels in the air sampleshad closer relations with the PCDD/F emissionfrom the Mobile sources (GSUV, DSED, DHDC and Motorcycle). It revealed that the emission of mobile sources should be controlled to reduce the PCDD/F concentrations in the ambient air in Taipei area.

目錄
摘要 III
Abstract IV
誌謝 V
Contents VI
List of Tables VIII
List of Figures XI
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Literature review 3
2.1 Chemical structures and properties of PCDD/Fs 3
2.2 Impact of PCDD/Fs on human health 6
2.2.1 Toxic equivalent schemes 6
2.2.2 Impact of PCDD/Fs on human health 9
2.3 Emission sources of PCDD/Fs 11
2.4 Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) in Taiwan 16
2.4.1 The basic information of MSWIs in Taiwan 16
2.4.2 The feed compositions of MSWIs in Taiwan 18
2.4.3 Formation of PCDD/Fs 20
2.4.4 Emission of PCDD/Fs in MSWI 21
2.5 PCDD/F in the ambient air 23
2.6 Model for predicting PCDD/F concentrations 25
Chapter 3 Material and methods 28
3.1 Research Design 28
3.1.1 Basic information of the three MSWIs 30
3.1.2 Selection of the ambient air sampling sites 33
3.1.3 Sampling Period 35
3.1.4 Data collection of the flue gas 36
3.1.5 Dioxin monitoring data by Taiwan EPA 37
3.2 Sampling and Analysis of PCDD/Fs 43
3.2.1 Sampling of PCDD/Fs from the ambient air 43
3.2.2 Analyses of PCDD/Fs 46
3.3 Dispersion Model- ISCST3 47
3.3.1 Introduction of ISCST3 47
3.3.2 Operating Instruction of ISCST3 49
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 50
4.1 Meteorological data 50
4.2 Characterization of PCDD/Fs in the Ambient Air 57
4.2.1 PCDD/F concentration in the Ambient Air 57
4.2.2 Comparisons of PCDD/F Concentrations in the Ambient Air 68
4.3 Characterization of PCDD/Fs in the Stack Flue Gases of MSWIs 71
4.4 Principal Component Analysis 83
4.5 Dispersion Modeling 86
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Suggestions 100
5.1 Conclusions 100
5.2 Suggestions 101
References 102
Appendix Ι 107

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