過去的研究雖然已經證實妒忌會產生幸災樂禍，但較少同時將個體的類型或情境作為線索來瞭解對於被妒忌者遭遇不幸、失敗而感到愉快的背後原因，故本研究欲從社會比較的角度出發，全盤探討社會比較的向上比較過程中，感受自我評價威脅的不穩定高自尊者引發妒忌和職場幸災樂禍的主要因素。
本研究以立意抽樣蒐集資料，受測對象為一般公、民營企業員工，不限定產業別，總計發放400份問卷，實際有效回收樣本共227份問卷。回收之有效問卷，採用描述性統計、驗證性因素分析和階層迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析。
研究結果顯示如下：1.自我評價威脅與幸災樂禍間具有正向關係。2.妒忌對自我評價威脅與幸災樂禍具有完全中介效果。3自尊在自我評價威脅、妒忌與幸災樂禍之間具干擾效果。
依據最後結果，本研究提出下列管理意涵供實務界參考。1.揭發職場上社會比較負面的心理歷程，讓企業界正視不利於人際互動的情緒。2.瞭解妒忌的殺傷力，鼓勵員工多正向思考。

Past studies had confirmed envy has influence on Schadenfreude, but there is less to discuss in what kinds of personality and situations people will schadenfreude. In the views of social comparison to explore the reasons when person with unstable self-esteem feels Self-evaluation threat from upward social comparison, person will feel envy and schadenfreude.
The subjects of the study are common public and private enterprises’ staves who are selected by purposive sample method. The 320 questionnaires are collected and the 227 questionnaires are valid. We used confirmation factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis to test our hypotheses.
The results of the research：(1) Self-evaluation threat are influence on Schadenfreude；(2)The relationship between self-evaluation threat and Schadenfreude has been completing mediated by envy.
The implications of this study were：(1)Exposing the negative psychological process of the workplace social comparison to enterprises to notice that the mood will affect interpersonal relationships；(2)Understanding the impact of envy, and encouraging employees have positive thoughts.

中文摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract II
目錄 III
表目次 V
圖目次 VI
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 研究流程 5
第四節 名詞釋義 7
第二章 文獻探討 8
第一節 幸災樂禍 8
第二節 自我評價威脅 13
第三節 自我評價威脅與幸災樂禍之關係 15
第四節 妒忌 17
第五節 自我評價威脅、妒忌與幸災樂禍之關係 20
第六節 自尊 24
第七節 自我評價威脅、妒忌、自尊與幸災樂禍之關係 26
第三章 研究方法 27
第一節 研究架構與假設 27
第二節 研究對象 28
第三節 研究過程 28
第四節 研究工具 30
第五節 調查實施 35
第六節 資料分析 35
第四章 研究結果與討論 39
第一節 樣本描述 39
第二節 整體模式適配度 42
第三節 自我評價威脅、妒忌與幸災樂禍之中介效果 44
第四節 自我評價威脅、妒忌、自尊與幸災樂禍之中介型干擾 49
第五章 研究結論與建議 54
第一節 研究主要發現 54
第二節 研究結論 55
第三節 研究建議 57
第四節 研究限制 60
參考文獻 63
附錄一 正式問卷 77

表目次
表3-1：初選成績 30
表4-1：樣本特性描述統計 40
表4-2：各變項之平均數、標準差與相關矩陣 41
表4-3：整體性驗證性因素分析結果 42
表4-4：自我評價威脅與幸災樂禍之主效果 45
表4-5：自我評價威脅與妒忌之主效果 46
表4-6：妒忌與幸災樂禍之主效果 47
表4-7：自我評價威脅、妒忌與幸災樂禍之中介效果 48
表4-8：中介型干擾 51
表5-1：研究假設及研究結果 54
表5-2：單因子測試法之分析結果 62

圖目錄
圖3-1：研究架構 27
圖3-2：中介型干擾或干擾型中介之檢定架構 37
圖4-1：自尊對自我評價威脅與妒忌之干擾作用 52
圖4-2：自尊對自我評價威脅與幸災樂禍之干擾作用 53

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