臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

較少的研究著重於學習者在虛擬環境下使用社交與情緒策略的使用。因此，此研究主要目的在探討學生在虛擬環境 (Second Life)下學習英文的社交互動性與接受度。在此研究來說，學習者在虛擬環境下使用社交與情緒策略的情況與傳統教室來做為比較與探討。台灣南部的一所大學英語學系的52位大學生是參與研究的受測者；受測者以中文為母語。教材設計是以任務導向教學法，並且著重任務處理能力與溝通能力為重點像是角色扮演。每周兩小時並且連續六周的實驗。資料的蒐集使用Virtual Task LLSA問卷及面談，並且以質性與量化分析來進行。量化研究結果顯示，在虛擬環境的學習者很少使用社交與情緒策略；然而，質性研究結果指出，受測者對於在虛擬環境下社交互動重要性以及學習英文滿意度的肯定。本研究發現，受測者在虛擬環境下的學習是正向的，並且在學習英文的動機及接受均有顯著的提升。

Few studies have investigated learners’ use of social and affective strategies in a virtual world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate learners’ social interaction and perception of English learning in a virtual world, Second Life. The use of social strategy and affective strategies for language learning in a virtual world were examined and compared with a traditional classroom. Fifty-two college English majors of a university in southern Taiwan were the participants. The teaching materials were designed based on Task-based language teaching that focused on task-solving skills and interactive communication such as role plays. Six instructional interventions were scheduled for two hours every week over six weeks. The data were collected and analyzed in qualitative and quantitative methods from a questionnaire called, Virtual Task-based Language Learning Strategy and Attitude (Virtual Task LLSA) and interviews. The results of the quantitative data showed there was no significant difference in social and affective strategy used by learners in a virtual world. However, the results from the quantitative data revealed the importance of sociability and a certain degree of satisfaction of English learning in a virtual world. This study found learners' motivation and perception has increased significantly in a virtual world.

Abstract ......................................................................................................................... I
摘要 .............................................................................................................................. III
Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................IV
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................ V
List of Tables ............................................................................................................. VII
List of Figures .......................................................................................................... VIII
Chapter One : Introduction ........................................................................................ 1
Background of the Study........................................................................................ 1
Overview of the Literature ..................................................................................... 3
Research Questions of the Study ........................................................................... 5
Significant of the Study.................................................................................. 6
Definition of Key Terms ................................................................................ 7
CALL. ............................................................................................................ 7
Virtual world. ................................................................................................. 7
Second Life. ................................................................................................... 7
TBLT. ............................................................................................................. 8
Learning strategies. ........................................................................................ 8
Motivation. ..................................................................................................... 8
Chapter Two: Literature Review ................................................................................ 9
Overview of the Research Design .......................................................................... 9
Computer-Assisted Language Learning............................................................... 11
Second Life .......................................................................................................... 14
Perception of Technology Use ............................................................................. 18
Task-Based Language Teaching ........................................................................... 20
Social and Affective Learning Strategies ............................................................. 25
Motivation in Language Learning ....................................................................... 28
Chapter Three: Methodology .................................................................................... 32
Overview .............................................................................................................. 32
Settings ................................................................................................................. 32
Participants ........................................................................................................... 33
Research Instruments ........................................................................................... 34
The virtual task LLSA survey. ..................................................................... 34
V I
Interview. ..................................................................................................... 35
Teaching Materials ............................................................................................... 36
Activities in a virtual world and a traditional classroom. ............................ 37
Teaching Procedure .............................................................................................. 40
Data Collection Procedure ................................................................................... 44
Chapter Four: Results ............................................................................................... 46
Results of Social Strategies .................................................................................. 46
Results of Affective Strategies ............................................................................. 47
Results of Learners' Motivation toward Language Learning ............................... 48
Results of Learners' Perception ............................................................................ 48
Backgrounds of the three highly-motivated and three less-motivated participants. .................................................................................................. 48
Common views on learning experiences in Second Life. ............................ 50
Different views on learning experiences in Second Life. ............................ 56
Summary .............................................................................................................. 58
Chapter Five: Discussion ........................................................................................... 60
Overview .............................................................................................................. 60
Second Life .......................................................................................................... 60
The Use of Social and Affective Strategies ......................................................... 61
Learners’ Motivation &; Perception...................................................................... 63
Pedagogical Implications ..................................................................................... 65
Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research ............................................... 67
References ................................................................................................................... 69
Appendices .................................................................................................................. 85
Appendix A. Floor Design in Ben’s Lab. ............................................................. 85
Appendix B. Virtual Task LLSA Survey .............................................................. 88
Appendix C. Interview Questions ........................................................................ 95
Appendix D. Lesson Plan in Second Life ............................................................ 96
Appendix E. Lesson Plan in a Traditional Classroom ......................................... 97
V II
List of Tables
Table 3.1 Reliability of the Virtual Task LLSA survey ................................................ 35
Table 3.2. Weekly Lessons and Activities .................................................................... 40
Table 3.3. Summary of Courses and Accomplished Weekly Activities ....................... 41
Table 3.4. Data Collection Procedure .......................................................................... 44
Table 4.1. Social Strategy Use in a Virtual World and a Traditional Classroom ......... 47
Table 4.2. Affective Strategy Use in a Virtual World and a Traditional Classroom .... 47
Table 4.3. Significance of Learners’ Evaluation in a Virtual World ............................ 48
Table 4.4. Background Information of the Top 3 Highly-Motivated Participants ....... 49
Table 4.5. Background Information of the Top 3 Less-Motivated Participants ........... 49
Table 4.6. Common Positive Views about Language Learning Experiences .............. 52
Table 4.7. Common Negative Views about Language Learning Experiences ............. 55
Table 4.8. Different Opinions of Interviews ................................................................ 58
VI II
List of Figures
Figure 2.1. The Main Focuses ...................................................................................... 10
Figure 3.1. Participants Took the Elevator to Different Floors .................................... 33
Figure 3.2. Role Cards and Note Cards Provided Extra and Alternative Information . 36
Figure 3.3. Virtual Bulletin Board Showed the Information of Instructions ............... 37
Figure 3.4. Chat Box. ................................................................................................... 38
Figure 3.5. IM was an Instant Message System on the SL. ......................................... 38
Figure 3.6. Participants Edited Their Avatar's Appearance .......................................... 43
Figure 3.7. Description of Built-in Function ............................................................... 43

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