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研究生:李宗軒
研究生(外文):Tsung-Hsuan Li
論文名稱:澎湖南方海域尋常海綿綱生物多樣性之初探
論文名稱(外文):Preliminary Survey on the Biodiversity of Marine Sponges (Porifera: Demonspongiae) in the Southern Water off Penghu Archipelago
指導教授:黃俞升黃俞升莫顯蕎莫顯蕎引用關係
指導教授(外文):Yusheng M. HuangYusheng M. HuangHin-Kiu Mok
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:海洋生物研究所
學門:自然科學學門
學類:海洋科學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2013
畢業學年度:101
語文別:英文
論文頁數:164
中文關鍵詞:尋常海綿綱分類澎湖南部形態特徵骨針特徵
外文關鍵詞:spicule charactersmorphological characterssouthern PenghuDemonspongiaetaxonomic
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海綿動物門(又稱多孔動物門)由近乎一萬一千個現存物種所組成,包含四個大類,分別為玻璃海綿(六放海綿綱)、石灰海綿(鈣質海綿綱)、尋常海綿(尋常海綿綱)以及同骨海綿綱。海綿廣泛地分佈於全球海域,在海洋生態系中扮演重要且多樣化的角色。在臺灣,由於分類上的困難,海綿生態的研究卻一直以來被忽視。本研究目的為:(一)描述臺灣澎湖南部海域的尋常海綿形態特徵,(二)建立臺灣澎湖南部海域的海綿分類清單,(三)了解臺灣澎湖南部海域尋常海綿的分佈,(四)與臺灣綠島西南側海綿相的比較。每一個海綿樣本是使用水肺潛水在澎湖群島南部海域採集,採集地點分別為青灣、風櫃、山水、望安島西部以及北部,深度介於1.9-15.2公尺之間。海綿骨骼結構,包含海綿絲和骨針的鑑定是使用光學顯微鏡觀察組織切片,掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察骨針特徵與形態。本篇是臺灣第一次針對特定區域對海綿形態分類描述所做的研究。本研究共紀錄28種尋常海綿,分屬7目,14科,其中11種為臺灣新紀錄種,在綠島西南側的海綿物種名錄並無紀錄。青灣和望安島北部海綿分布較多,多樣性也較高。
Phylum Porifera consist of approximately 11,000 extant species of sponges in four distinct groups: the glass sponges (Class Hexactinellida), the calcareous sponges (Class Calcarea), the demosponges (Class Demospongiae), and Class Homoscleromorpha. Marine sponges distribute widely over the oceans; they not only play important roles in the marine ecosystems, but also ecologically function differently. Ecological studies of sponge assemblage have been ignored due to the difficulties in sponge taxonomy in Taiwan. The main objectives of the present study were: (1) to describe the morphological characteristics of Demonspongiae commonly found in southern Penghu archipelagos, Taiwan; (2) to establish the checklist of sponge assemblage in southern Penghu archipelagos, Taiwan; (3) to understand the distribution of sponges in southern Penghu Islands; (4) to compare results with previous study on sponge assemblage in southwest side of Green Island, Taiwan. The collection sites were chosen to five locations including Cingwan, Fongguei, Shanshuei, western Wang-An, and northern Wang-An in southern Penghu Islands. Samples of each sponge in Penghu Islands (Pescadores) were collected by scuba diving at the depth range from 1.9 to 15.2 m. Architectures of the sponge skeleton including sponging fibers and spicule characters were identified using tissue section by compound light microscope (LM) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). This is the first morphological taxonomic study of sponges in specific region in Taiwan, particularly focus on Class Demonspongiae. A total of 28 sponge species belonging to 7 orders were collected in the present study among which 11 species are new record species in Taiwan, not recorded on the sponge species checklist in southwest side of Green Island, Taiwan. The sponge species distribute higher in Cingwan and northern Wang-An, showing a higher sponge biodiversity.
Chapter…………………………………………………………………………….Page
Title page…………………………………………………………………………………i
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………iii
Abstract (in Chinese)………………………………………………………………….iv
Abstract (in English)………………………………………………………...…………v
Contents……………………………………………………………………………….vii
Figure Legends……………………………………………………………………….viii
Table Legends……………………………………………………………………...…….x
Appendix Legends………………………………………………………………..……..xi
1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………...1
2. Materials and Methods………………………………………………………..……..10
3. Results………………………………………….……………………………………19
4. Discussion………………………………………………….………………………...85
5. Literature Cited…………………………………………………………...………….91

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