臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

因現在地球之環境變遷，造成臭氧層的破壞，溫室效應日益嚴重，故國際間有所協定，需要將排碳量減少，而土木工程為一排碳量相當大的產業。利用廢棄物取代混凝土中的骨材為一種解決之方法。加上台灣土地狹小、高山多、河川湍急，使得水庫有著龐大的淤泥淤積量，這些淤泥使得水庫的容積量日益減少，處理淤泥為一重要課題。故本研究以水庫淤泥資源化為目的，希望透過對水庫淤泥之性質分析，在利用水庫淤泥之前能對淤泥之特性有進一步之了解，進而達到節省成本以及環保之目的。
本研究主要在探討水庫淤泥加入混凝土中的特性，包含抗壓試驗、乾縮試驗、快速氯離子滲透試驗、水中磨耗試驗等。其中考慮到許多因素，包含水灰比、淤泥取代率、不同之淤泥及水泥比例，總共有23組配比。其中淤泥使用了石門水庫以及白河水庫之淤泥，水泥使用了I型水泥及混合水泥。混合水泥為水泥及爐石混合而成，比例為3:7，因此，本研究也針對爐石的部分有所探討。
研究實驗結果顯示水庫淤泥混凝土是可行的，只要解決了乾縮量太大的問題，在強度方面以及耐久性方面都是在可利用範圍內。對於台灣種種規範法定淤泥混凝土不得使用於主結構物中，此研究指出法規是有待更改修正的。

Because of the changes of earth environment, the carbon emissions have to reduce. One of the way to reduce the use of carbon emissions is alternative sources of aggregates based on waste materials. And Taiwan is a small island which has lots of mountain, so the reservoir has a huge amount of silt deposition. The purpose of this research is based on using reservoir silt as a source of concrete aggregate. Using a variety of analyzing methods, characteristics of reservoir silt may be established to make the utilization of reservoir silt more cost efficiency.
This research studied the effect of reservoir silt on concrete mechanical properties, including compressive strength, static elastic modulus, drying shrinkage, RCPT test, and standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete (underwater method). The mixtures consider many factors, including water/cementitious material ratio, the reservoir silt replacement level, and different types of reservoir silt and cement, there are total 23 mixtures. The types of silt source including Shihmen reservoir and Baiha reservoir; and the types of cement including I type Portland cement and HSS. HSS is combined with I type Portland cement and slag, the proportion of cement and slag is 3:7, so this study also has discussed slag.
Experimental results show that it is feasible about reservoir silt concrete. Unless drying shrinkage, the strength and durability of reservoir silt concrete are available range.

口試委員會審定書 i
誌謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 實驗流程 4
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 台灣水庫淤泥之基本介紹 6
2.1.1台灣水庫淤泥之物理性質 6
2.1.2台灣水庫淤泥之化學性質 8
2.2國內外淤泥摻入混凝土之實例 9
2.2.1英國Mersey Silt應用於一般混凝土 9
2.2.2石門水庫12號沉澱池淤泥應用於一般混凝土 11
2.2.3淤泥對於混凝土之限制與影響 17
2.3爐石對混凝土之影響 18
2.3.1爐石之成分 18
2.3.2爐石於混凝土中之水化反應 18
2.3.3爐石對於混凝土之限制與影響 19
2.4 混凝土之體積穩定性 21
2.4.1混凝土中的水 22
2.4.2混凝土乾縮之種類 23
2.4.3混凝土收縮的預測公式 24
2.5混合水泥 28
2.5.1混合水泥定義及分類 28
2.5.2混合水泥之性能與型別適用範圍 29
2.6水中磨損行為 30
2.6.1水中磨損行為的機制及種類 30
2.6.2水中磨損作用的影響因素 32
2.6.3水中抗磨損之統整 34
2.7混凝土抗磨耗能力與混凝土之強度 34
2.7.1混凝土抗磨能力與材料之關係 35
2.7.2混凝土抗壓強度與材料之關係 39
第三章 實驗架構與各實驗內容 41
3.1實驗內容與架構 41
3.2實驗方法與步驟 41
3.2.1混凝土新拌性質實驗 41
3.2.2力學性質實驗 44
3.2.3乾燥收縮 48
3.2.4水中磨耗實驗 48
3.2.5混凝土抗氯離子穿透能力試驗(RCPT) 53
3.3實驗拌合材料 56
3.3.1水泥 57
3.3.2混合水泥 58
3.3.3化學藥劑 58
3.3.4粗粒料 58
3.3.5細粒料 59
3.3.6石門水庫淤泥 60
3.3.7白門水庫淤泥 61
3.4試驗配比與試體製作 63
3.4.1淤泥混凝土試驗配比 63
3.4.2淤泥混凝土拌合及試體製作 65
第四章 試驗結果與討論 67
4.1水庫淤泥混凝土新拌性質試驗 67
4.2水庫淤泥混凝土基本力學性質試驗 69
4.2.1抗壓強度試驗 69
4.2.2彈性模數試驗 77
4.3水庫淤泥混凝土乾縮試驗 86
4.3.1乾縮試驗結果 86
4.3.2乾縮預測模型比較 94
4.4水庫淤泥混凝土水中磨耗試驗 96
4.5水庫淤泥混凝土RCPT試驗 102
第五章 結論與建議 106
5.1結論 106
5.2建議 108
REFERENCE 109

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