臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究採用非侵入式、設備簡單輕巧、易於操作之壓力感測枕頭(Sensor pillow system)蒐集睡眠時之壓力訊號，避免干擾使用者之睡眠品質，為一簡單有效之居家睡眠監測系統。壓力訊號經運算後可獲得上下床、睡姿改變之翻身和呼吸頻率等睡眠資訊，結果將整理為睡眠報告，作為健康照護之參考。
然而壓力感測器僅布置於枕頭下用以偵測頭部之壓力訊號，感測範圍受限，可獲得之資訊較少，因此需要以軟體運算方式提升運算準確度。臥床及睡眠動作等壓力訊號之處理，需由一連串閾值(Threshold)組成之決策條件運算，訊號經過運算流程篩選後，將確認結果寫入睡眠報告紀錄。
除睡眠監測系統外，尚建置健康風險分級機制並提供睡眠監測以外之生理量測功能，包含體溫、血壓、心跳和血氧濃度等。一方面供使用者評估健康狀態與上傳資料至遠端資料庫儲存；另一方面於使用者可能有健康風險時，自動由系統發出立即通知，讓家屬或醫護人員前往探視和救護，確保使用者安全。
本研究透過臨床試驗，評估睡眠監測系統投入實際應用之可行性與有效性，以及獲得演算法之最佳化參數設定。而試驗結果證實採用壓力感測枕頭輔以最佳化之演算法參數，確實可減輕硬體限制影響，準確且即時偵測睡眠之上下床、翻身等壓力訊號獲取睡眠資訊，產生可信之睡眠報告。

In order to provide a simple and effective in-home sleep monitoring system, this research applies a non-invasive and user-friendly sensor pillow system to acquire pressure data during sleep. The system can alleviate the interference from monitoring sensors for comfortableness of the user.
Because the area of these pressure sensors is limited, there is an algorithm designed for improving the accuracy for detection of trunk movement instead of head motion only. The acquired pressure signals, such as occupancy and sleep movement, are processed and distinguished by some thresholds, and then output as sleep report.
Besides the use of sleep monitoring system, the classification platform of health risk is included to integrate automated warning and vital sign measurement. The platform provides a user with analysis of health data and then uploads data into remote database. Also, it will send message to user’s emergency contact persons when the user is probably in jeopardy.
After clinical trial for 30 subjects, its accuracy of the sleep monitoring system is measured, and the optimal parameters are acquired. The result shows the sensor pillow system after optimization with proper algorithm can accurately monitor pressure signals in real-time to distinguish occupancy and sleep movement information.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 系統概述 1
1.3 系統理論基礎 2
1.3.1 老年人 2
1.3.2 睡眠 2
1.3.2.1 睡眠分期 2
1.3.2.2 老年人之睡眠特性 3
1.4 文獻探討 4
第二章 系統設計 8
2.1 睡眠監測系統 8
2.1.1 系統架構 8
2.1.2 硬體介紹 9
2.1.2.1 壓力感測器 9
2.1.2.2 訊號傳輸控制電路 10
2.1.2.3 網路攝影機 11
2.1.2.4 壓力感測枕頭 12
2.1.3 軟體設計 14
2.1.3.1 軟體開發工具 14
2.1.3.2 用戶端應用程式介面 14
2.1.3.3 資料庫 15
2.1.4 用戶操作方式 16
2.1.5 睡眠行為分類 16
2.1.6 睡眠監測流程 17
2.2 壓力訊號之運算 19
2.2.1 壓力感測器之輸出訊號 19
2.2.2 臥床偵測 20
2.2.3 睡眠動作偵測 21
2.2.3.1 睡眠動作之壓力訊號 21
2.2.3.2 睡眠動作偵測之運算流程 22
2.3 緊急通報機制 25
2.3.1 健康風險分級 25
2.3.1.1 睡眠監測 26
2.3.1.1 生理參數量測 27
2.3.2 生理量測儀器 27
2.3.3 通報方式 28
第三章 試驗設計 30
3.1 睡眠監測系統之測試 30
3.1.1 壓力偵測有效範圍測試 30
3.1.2 睡眠動作偵測之測試 30
3.2 臨床試驗設計 31
3.2.1 受試者納入與排除條件 32
3.2.2 試驗器材準備與設置 32
3.2.3 試驗前之準備工作 33
3.2.4 試驗方法與流程 34
3.2.5 資料蒐集與分析 35
第四章 結果與討論 36
4.1 測試結果分析 36
4.1.1 壓力偵測有效範圍測試 36
4.1.2 睡眠動作偵測之測試 36
4.1.3 測試結果 37
4.2 試驗結果與討論 37
4.2.1 臥床訊號偵測 38
4.2.2 振幅參數分析 40
4.2.2.1 振幅閾值分析 40
4.2.2.1 加入動作時間篩選條件之影響 42
4.2.2.2 演算法之客觀程度 43
4.2.3 呼吸訊號分析 43
4.2.4 討論 44
第五章 結論與未來展望 46
5.1 結論 46
5.2 未來展望 46
參考文獻 47
附錄 49

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