本研究主要目的在於開發適用於燃料電池的新型觸媒。以碳硼為載體，利用水熱合成法製備碳-硼-鉑合金觸媒(C-B-Pt)與碳-硼-鈀合金觸媒(C-B-Pd)，期望提升觸媒分散性及活性。實驗上藉由改變碳硼基材條件如：碳粉pH值、硼酸含量、實驗設備裝置及熱處理鍛燒溫度等因素，找出最佳之碳硼基材之製備條件。後續輔以添加貴金屬六氯鉑酸與氯化鈀來探討其效能，期望獲得高活性、高抗腐蝕性之碳硼觸媒來降低白金貴金屬之使用成本。本實驗製得之碳硼觸媒，利用CA、FE-SEM、EDS、FT-IR、XRD及RDE等儀器來測定，探討觸媒親疏水性、觸媒表面型態結構、元素分析與分佈情形、觸媒鍵結、觸媒金屬晶相和觸媒活性等相關特性。
實驗結果顯示， XC-72R碳粉與硼酸之重量最佳化配比為1：5.2，於鐵氟龍容器水熱合成後，加以鍛燒熱處理，具有最佳之碳硼載體。C-B-Pt salt5% 經450℃鍛燒3小時後，在含氧0.5M 硫酸溶液中，掃描速率固定為5mV/s，轉速為900rpm操作循環伏安法，具有最佳之觸媒活性及高比電流密度-18.8 (mA/cm2/g Pt)。

關鍵字：燃料電池、水熱合成法、碳硼觸媒、觸煤活性

This study aims to develop a suitable new type of catalyst for fuel cell. It takes carborane as the support, uses hydrothermal synthesis technology to prepare carboran-platinum alloy catalysts (C-B-Pt) and carboran-palladium alloy catalysts (C-B-Pd) to obtain better catalyst dispersion and reaction activity. To find the best catalyst preparation condition, experimental factors under investigation are：carbon pH value,boric acid content, type of preporation methods, heat-treated calcination temperature, etc. Precious metals salts, such as hexachloroplatinate and palladium chloride were then added on the carboranes. These catalysts are expect to have high activity, high corrosion resistance, and lower cost than platinum catalyst. The generated carborane catalyst from this study will be examined by contact angle for hydrophobicity, FE-SEM for surface morphology, EDS for element analysis, FT-IR for element distribution, XRD for crystal phase identification, and RDE for electrochemical activity. The result suggests that calcination with XC-72R carbon and boric acid at weight ratio of 1:5.2 in Teflon containers would obtained the optimum carborane support. After calcinations of 3 hours at 450℃, of the C-B-Pt salt 5%. The catalyst activity was evaluated by rotating disk electrode with electrode potential scan rate at 5mV/s in 0.5 M sulfuric acid saturated with oxygen, atelectrode rotating speed of 900 rpm. The optimum current density of 18.8 (mA/cm2/g Pt) was obtained.

Keywords：Fuel cell；Hydrothermal Synthesis；Boron doped carbon；Catalytic activity

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目 錄 ii
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
第二章 原理與文獻回顧 3
2.1 燃料電池簡介 3
2.1.1 燃料電池發展史 3
2.1.2 燃料電池分類 4
2.2 質子交換膜燃料電池（PEMFC）簡介與關鍵元件 6
2.2.1 觸媒 10
2.2.2 質子交換膜 12
2.2.3 電極 14
2.2.4 雙極流場板 15
2.3 應用於燃料電池之碳載體-碳材前處理 16
2.4 電池電化學特性 18
2.4.1 循環伏安法 18
2.4.2 極化曲線 20
2.5 旋轉圓盤電極原理簡介 22
2.6 碳硼合金觸媒 23
2.6.1 硼的簡介 23
2.6.2 碳化硼結構與材料 25
2.6.3 碳化硼聚合物發展史 27
2.6.4 碳化硼合金之應用與開發 29
第三章 實驗設備與研究方法 32
3.1 實驗藥品 32
3.2 實驗設備 33
3.3 實驗架構 34
3.4 實驗步驟 35
3.4.1 碳硼載體製備 35
3.4.1.1 碳粉前處理 35
3.4.1.2 碳硼載體基材製備 37
3.4.2 碳硼合金觸媒製備 40
3.5 特性分析 44
3.5.1 接觸角量測儀 44
3.5.2 冷場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 45
3.5.3 能量散佈光譜儀 47
3.5.4 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 48
3.5.5 X-ray繞射分析儀 49
3.5.6 旋轉圓盤電極 50
第四章 結果與討論 52
4.1 親疏水性分析 52
4.2冷場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 57
4.3元素分析 64
4.4 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀分析 70
4.5 X-ray繞射分析儀分析 73
4.6旋轉圓盤電極觸媒活性分析 76
4.6.1 碳硼觸媒 76
4.6.1.1 合成製程差異探討 77
4.6.1.2 硼酸含量探討 78
4.6.1.3 碳粉pH值探討 79
4.6.2 C-B-Pt、C-B-Pd觸媒 83
4.6.2.1 RDE掃描-硫酸水溶液中導入氧氣 84
4.6.2.2 RDE掃描-硫酸水溶液中導入氮氣 97
第五章 結論與未來展望 118
5.1結論 118
5.2未來展望 120
第六章 參考文獻 121

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