臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著全球極端氣候出線機率的日益頻繁，「水資源」的有效管理與利用已被廣泛視為除了「能源」議題外，21世紀全人類最需關心的議題，因此現行如何開發出一套有效管理水資源又可以減少人事成本且具備精確、穩定、持久的自動讀表(Automatic Meter Reading，AMR)系統成為各界最重要的開發方向。本研究計劃是與水表公司合作，嘗試去設計出一套利用無線通訊介面之設計開發，以自動紀錄及回報小口徑計量水表的記錄資料，開發資訊化的遠端用水監測管理平台，協助用水管理機關或業者的健全管理監督機制。設計的目標為不須重新鋪設管線也能達到自動讀表的功能，本研究所使用的先進水表為水表公司所提供的電子式小口徑計量水表並外掛一個Zigbee模組而組成的，而資料傳輸方式則是結合Zigbee無線通訊協定與TCP/IP的網路傳輸協定來達到資料傳輸之目的，資料的管理是使用資料庫搭配網頁伺服機來監控及管理水資源的使用。

With the increasing importance of environment protection, how to effectively manage and utilize the water resources has been widely regarded as significant "energy" issues in 21st century. Therefore, developing an efficient water resource management system not only can cut the budget of manpower, but also provides precise, stable, durable and automatic water meter reading features.
This paper describes the project cooperating with a water meter company who is the major supplier of Taiwan water company. It constantly records data from in-home water meters. By monitoring the water resources remotely, the system greatly enhances mechanism of management with benefits such as easier check of water leakage, better analysis of database and more real-time response. Each water meter tightly bands a wireless module that implements a Zigbee device, and communication with one of the routers or the coordinator nearby. The coordinator of the Zigbee network is actually included in a home router that bridges the Zigbee network to internet with additional communication channels such as WiFi or 3G. A prototype system is implemented for showing the feasibility and demonstration. It communicates with TCP/IP that is the most popular protocol nowadays. With the web based user interface and database query capabilities, the system provides much more manageable and powerful functions on water resource administration than the traditional.

摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目次 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機與背景 1
1.2研究目的 1
1.3章節提要 2
第二章 相關研究及背景知識 3
2.1自動讀表 3
2.2 嵌入式系統(Embedded System) 3
2.2.1 嵌入式系統的發展 4
2.2.2 嵌入式作業系統 5
2.2.3 嵌入式系統之特色 6
2.2.4 嵌入式系統發展之趨勢和應用 8
2.3 Zigbee通訊協定介紹 9
2.3.1 Zigbee/IEEE 802.15.4 10
2.3.2 IEEE 802.15.4實體層通訊協定 11
2.3.3 IEEE 802.15.4媒體存取控制層通訊協定 13
2.3.3.1 信標(Beacon)與超級訊框(Superframe)架構 15
2.3.3.2 載波偵測多重存取/碰撞避免(CSMA/CA)機制介紹 16
2.3.3.2 資料傳輸模式 18
2.3.4 Zigbee Protocol Stack 19
2.3.5 Zigbee協定運作方式 23
2.3.6 Zigbee Application Profile 24

2.3.7 Zigbee主要特性 26
2.3.8 Zigbee應用領域 28
第三章 系統設計與原理 30
3.1設計目摽 30
3.2系統架構 30
3.3硬體介紹 32
3.3.1 Zigbee開發模組套件 32
3.3.2硬體設計 36
3.3.3 Zigbee Gateway 40
3.4軟體介紹 40
3.4.1 開發環境 40
3.4.2 軟體設計 44
3.4.2.1 Zigbee網路 44
3.4.2.2 Zigbee Gateway 54
3.4.2.3管理中心 56
第四章 系統平台建置與功能測試 59
4.1平台建置 59
4.2功能實測 60
第五章 成果與未來展望 63
5.1目前成果 63
5.2未來展望 63
參考文獻 65

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