臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要為研製一500W高功率因數電池充電器，充電器分為前級與後級，前級使用主動式功率因數校正電路達成高功率因數之目的，並提供一穩定之直流電源供給後級電路；後級電路使用交錯式雙開關順向式轉換器，以降低電壓電流漣波。充電策略採二階段定電流定電壓控制，並使交錯式轉換器達均流之效果。其充電器輸入交流電壓為90V～265V，輸出最大功率點為電壓13.8V，電流36A。最後由實驗結果驗證充電器之可行性。

In this paper, the development of a 500W high power factor battery charger is preseted. This charger is consisted of two stages. The front stage is implemented by power factor correction circuit to achieve high power factor function, and provides a stable DC voltage power level. The later stage is using a interleaved dual switches forward converter to reduce the voltage and current ripples. The charger policy adopts two controll loops, including constant current loop and constant voltage control loop. The charger input voltage is AC 90V ~ 265V, and maximum output power output at DC 13.8V, 36A. Finally, experimental results are presented to verify feasibility of the charger.

目次
摘要 .................................................................................................................................. i
Abstract ............................................................................................................................. ii
致謝 ................................................................................................................................ iii
目次 ................................................................................................................................ iv
圖目錄 ............................................................................................................................. vi
表目錄 ............................................................................................................................. ix
第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 ............................................................................................... 1
1.2 論文大綱 ........................................................................................................... 2
第二章 二次電池及充電策略簡介 ................................................................................ 3
2.1 二次電池簡介 ................................................................................................... 3
2.2 電池等效模型 .................................................................................................... 4
2.2.1 . 理想等校模型 ...................................................................................... 4
2.2.2 . 線性等校模型 ...................................................................................... 5
2.2.3 . 戴維寧等校模型 .................................................................................. 5
2.2.4 . 等效電容模型 ...................................................................................... 6
2.3 電池充電策略簡介 ........................................................................................... 6
2.3.1 . 定電壓充電法 ...................................................................................... 7
2.3.2 . 定電流充電法 ...................................................................................... 7
2.3.3 . 定電流定電壓充電法 .......................................................................... 8
2.3.4 . 脈衝式充電法 ...................................................................................... 8
2.3.5 . 正負脈衝TM Reflex 式充電法 ............................................................ 9
v
第三章 功率因數校正及順向式轉換器簡介 .............................................................. 10
3.1功率因數與諧波失真的定義 .......................................................................... 10
3.2被動式功率因數校正電路 .............................................................................. 13
3.3主動式功率因數校正電路 .............................................................................. 14
3.3.1 . 平均電流控制法 ................................................................................ 15
3.3.2 . 峰值電流控制法 ................................................................................ 15
3.3.3 . 磁滯電流控制法 ................................................................................ 16
3.4順向式轉換器簡介 .......................................................................................... 18
3.4.1 . 重置繞組順向式轉換器 ..................................................................... 20
3.4.2 . RCD箝位順向式轉換器 .................................................................... 22
3.4.3 . 雙開關順向式轉換器 ........................................................................ 23
3.4.3 . 交錯式雙開關順向式轉換器 ............................................................ 31
第四章 系統架構設計 .................................................................................................. 33
4.1簡介 .................................................................................................................. 33
4.2功率因數校正電路設計 .................................................................................. 34
4.3雙開關順向式轉換器電路設計 ...................................................................... 38
4.4雙開關順向式轉換器小信號模型推導 .......................................................... 41
4.5充電控制方法設計 .......................................................................................... 48
4.6交錯式PWM控制器介紹 ............................................................................... 51
第五章 系統與實驗結果 .............................................................................................. 54
5.1功率因數校正實驗結果 .................................................................................. 54
5.2交錯式雙開關順向式轉換器實驗結果 .......................................................... 58
5.3整機串聯實驗結果 .......................................................................................... 61
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 ...................................................................................... 63
6.1結論 .................................................................................................................. 63
vi
6.2未來研究方向 .................................................................................................. 64
參考文獻 ........................................................................................................................ 65

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