本研究以氫氧化鋁(ATH)結合自行合成之有機-無機含矽氧烷分枝狀高分子(BPS2)作為聚乳酸(PLA)之無鹵素阻燃劑，藉由塑譜儀以熔融混煉法製備聚乳酸/氫氧化鋁/含矽氧烷分枝狀高分子之阻燃性複合材料。以PLA：ATH重量比75：25時，尚未加入含矽氧烷分枝狀高分子(BPS2)其限氧數值為31並且垂直燃燒測試可達V-2等級；當部份ATH藉由含矽氧烷分枝狀高分子(BPS2)取代後LOI值皆可維持在30，複合材料經圓錐量熱儀測試其平均熱釋放率有下降趨勢，PLA/ATH/BPS2複合材料除P75-0阻燃等級為V-2(UL94 V)外其餘複合材料皆能達到UL-94規範之V-0等級，垂滴現象明顯改善但不會引燃棉花；依實驗證明，添加含矽氧烷分枝狀高分子可有效提升PLA/ATH複合材料之阻燃性質。

Polylactide (PLA) composites with aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and branched siloxane polymer (BPS2) were prepared via direct melting compounding using a brabender. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PLA composite with 25 wt% of ATH, and without BPS2, was about 31. Only V-2 rating (UL94 V) could be achieved. When a portion of the ATH was replaced with the siloxane polymer (BPS2), the LOI was still kept at about 30, but the average heat release rate measured by a cone calorimeter was reduced, and V-0 rating could be obtained. It was also found that addition of the branched siloxane polymer could improve the impact strength of the PLA/ATH composite.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 相關原理與文獻回顧 4
2.1 聚乳酸之簡介 4
2.2 阻燃劑之種類與發展 6
2.3 矽氧烷高分子簡介 7
2.4 分枝狀高分子簡介與特性 8
2.5 聚乳酸阻燃性複合材料 10
2.6 氫氧化鋁於阻燃複材上之研究 12
2.7 聚矽氧烷分枝狀高分子之阻燃機制 17
第三章 實驗方法 25
3.1 實驗藥品 25
3.2 實驗儀器 27
3.3 實驗流程 29
3.4 實驗步驟 30
3.4.1 樣品比例 30
3.4.2 樣品製備方法 31
3.4.3 分枝狀高分子BPS2合成 31
3.5 測試方法 34
3.5.1 限氧指數檢測(Limiting Oxygen Index，LOI) 34
3.5.2 垂直燃燒檢測UL-94 36
3.5.3 熱重分析儀(Thermogravimetric Analysis,TGA) 37
3.5.4 Izod衝擊測試 38
3.5.5 X-ray繞射分析 39
3.5.6 萬能拉力機 40
3.5.7 圓錐量熱儀(Cone Calorimeter) 42
3.5.8 熱裂解動力學 44
3.5.9 微差掃描熱卡計(Differentoal Scanning Calorimeter) 45
3.5.10 掃描電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope) 45
第四章 結果與討論 46
4.1 PLA/ATH/BPS2複合材料之燃燒性質探討 46
4.1.1 限氧指數LOI及垂直燃燒UL-94檢測 46
4.1.2 圓錐量熱儀分析 49
4.1.3 圓錐量熱儀燃燒後殘餘物型態分析 51
4.2 PLA/ATH/BPS2複合材料之熱分解性質分析 52
4.2.1 熱重分析儀檢測 52
4.2.2 熱裂解之活化能分析 54
4.3 PLA/ATH/BPS2複合材料之機械性質探討 56
4.3.1 萬能拉力機檢測 56
4.3.2 Izod耐衝擊分析 57
4.4 PLA/ATH/BPS2複合材料之微結構探討 58
4.4.1 X-ray繞射分析 59
4.4.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 59
第五章 結論 60
References 81
Appendix A 86

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