臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

氮氧化物是造成酸雨和光化學煙霧的重要前趨物之一，控制氮氧化物排放量的方法可分為燃燒控制與後燃燒控制，但是在很多情況下，燃燒控制並不能很有效的達到所要求的標準，所以需以後燃燒控制法來處理氮氧化物。其中又以選擇性觸媒還原法較為普遍，但是其在還原過程中還原劑的溢散、腐蝕等問題還有待解決，所以再找尋更合適的技術是刻不容緩的事。
本研究製備碳改質沸石(C-ZSM5)，並利用微波誘導催化作用處理一氧化氮，微波可使C-ZSM5內部迅速加熱，產生活性熱點，NO分子以這些活性熱點位為反應中心，與C-ZSM5發生還原反應，轉化為N2。
研究結果顯示，C-ZSM5之質量越多，氮氧化物去除效率隨之增加，以本實驗系統操作，最佳去除效率條件為180g的C-ZSM5於300W之微波功率下，可使NO達到90%以上之去除效率。此外，利用微波加熱反應，使C-ZSM5表面溫度隨微波輸出功率增加而上升，以微波輸出功率300W為例，加熱15分鐘後可達到約110℃。
由SEM和BET分析結果顯示，與未改質之ZSM-5相比，C-ZSM5增加些許碳材之熔融狀物質，但可能造成孔洞阻塞，使C-ZSM5比表面積下降，當反應微波功率越高，C-ZSM5微孔體積有增加的趨勢，比表面積隨之上升。

Nitrogen oxides (NOX) are important precursors of acid rain and photochemical smog. Combustion controls and post-combustion controls are the two main categories for NOx emission reduction techniques. However, combustion controls along are not effective enough to achieve the regulation requirement in most cases. Therefore, adaptation of post-combustion controls to remove NOx from the exhausted stream is usually needed. Amongst all the pos-combustion techniques, SCR method is one of the common practices. Yet, during the process of most SCR method, the corrosive reductants can lead to further pollution. As a result, developing alternative control technology is of the highest priority to effectively reduce NOx emission for the industry.
This research used thecarbon-zeolite socony mobil (C-ZSM5) to absorb NO, and employedmicrowave discharge to assisted catalysis C-ZSM5. C-ZSM5 internalwasrapidly heatedto a high temperaturetoproduce an activehot spot,these activehotspot reduced NO in C-ZSM5, and NO converted toN2.
The results show that the conversion of NO to N2 increased with the amount of C-ZSM5 increased. The optimum conversion efficiency of NOcould reach above 90% with microwave power of 300W andamount of C-ZSM5 was 180g. Temperature of the C-ZSM5 rose gradually and reached to approximately 110℃under microwave power output was 300W after 15 minutes. The higher microwave power output was, the higher temperature of C-ZSM5was.
The adsorption on and desorption from C-ZSM5 concern with a porous system, that may differ from slit to spherical shaped properties. According to SEM and BET analysis, the C-ZSM5 was covered by the carbon materials successfully. However, the carbon material may causeholesobstruction, and then the specific surface area of C-ZSM5 was decreased. As the microwave power increased, the specific surface area of C-ZSM5 was increased. Accordingly, the C-ZSM5 was supposed to have larger micropore volume and specific surface area under 500 W of microwave power.

摘　要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iv
目 錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1氮氧化物 5
2.1.1一氧化氮的生成機制 5
2.1.2二氧化氮的生成機制 8
2.1.3氮氧化物對人體產生之影響 10
2.1.4氮氧化物的控制技術 11
2.2微波輻射技術 15
2.2.1微波簡介 15
2.2.2微波介質加熱 17
2.2.3微波材質 18
2.2.4微波特性 18
2.2.5微波誘導催化反應 19
2.2.6微波技術之應用 20
2.2.7微波設備的安全防護 25
2.3沸石的特性與應用 27
2.3.1 沸石結構及分類 27
2.3.2 ZSM-5 沸石簡介 28
2.3.3 沸石之吸附機制 30
2.3.4 沸石改質方法 31
第三章 研究設備與方法 33
3.1 實驗設計與流程 33
3.2碳改質沸石(C-ZSM5) 35
3.2.1 實驗藥品 35
3.2.2製備方法 35
3.3實驗設備 36
3.3.1 微波反應系統 36
3.3.2 實驗氣體及試劑 39
3.3.3 實驗分析設備 39
3.4實驗設計之操作參數 41
3.5研究項目 42
3.5.1吸附實驗 42
3.5.2微波處理條件之探討 42
3.5.3 C-ZSM5在反應管之停留時間 43
3.5.4微波反應C-ZSM5之溫度變化 43
3.5.5溫度去除效率迴歸分析 43
3.5.6 脫附實驗 43
3.5.7 微波反應C-ZSM5之尾氣溫度變化 43
3.5.8 SEM及BET比表面積分析 43
3.6品保與品管 45
3.6.1數據品保工作項目及執行方法 45
3.6.2監測儀器校正 45
3.6.3微波功率校正 45
3.6.4系統洩漏量之檢查 46
3.6.5微波洩漏量之檢測 46
第四章 結果與討論 48
4.1 微波功率校正 48
4.2 吸附實驗 50
4.3 微波處理條件之探討 51
4.3.1不同進氣濃度之影響實驗 51
4.3.2 不同微波功率之影響實驗 51
4.3.3 不同C-ZSM5質量之影響實驗 52
4.4 C-ZSM5在反應管之停留時間 57
4.5 微波反應C-ZSM5之表面溫度變化 58
4.6 溫度去除效率迴歸分析 62
4.7 脫附實驗 66
4.8 微波反應C-ZSM5之尾氣溫度變化 68
4.9 SEM、BET分析結果 70
第五章 結論與建議 75
5.1 結論 75
5.2 建議 77
參考文獻 78
附錄 86
A：MSDS－NO 86
B：MSDS－NO2 89
C：微波爐之微波洩漏量檢測 92

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