奈米碳管具有優異的導電特性、熱性質及機械性質，是一個具有良好潛力的奈米添加材料，而石墨烯為近年來所發現的新型奈米材料來自於石墨的剝層，但由於奈米碳管及石墨烯在高分子基材間的介面相容性不佳，易導致其團聚發揮其預期效果，因此在應用上必須對奈米碳管及石墨烯進行改質。本實驗是將奈米碳管及石墨烯利用不同分散劑來比較其分散效果，沒有用化學改質法分散的目的，是希望保留多壁奈米碳管優良的高長徑比(aspect ratio)，首先將多壁奈米碳管與石墨烯兩者製成薄膜，之後利用溶液法將多壁奈米碳管混摻至聚丙烯中塗佈之，將其製成替代染料敏化太陽能電池的反電極。
本實驗使用熱重損失分析儀(TGA)及熱差分析儀(DSC)探討複材的熱穩定性質，多點探針高阻儀(megohmmeter)觀測複材的導電性，掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)及穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)進行表面分析。藉由奈米碳管的高長徑比可在聚丙烯基材中形成網狀分布的結構，有效的提升聚丙烯複合材料的導電度，進一步的提升其熱穩定性及機械性質。

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) with excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical and thermal properties can be potentially used as nano-reinforcements in polymer composite. Graphene (GP) is layers of exflorated graphite. The lack of interfacial interactions between CNTs and GP with polymer matrix causes their agglomeration; therefore, it is necessary to modify CNTs to enhance the compatibility within a polymer matrix. We dispersing CNTs and GP by physical dispersion, without chemical dispersion causes CNTs has high aspect ratio. First, prepared the CNTs and GP''s film. Then we made solution of polypropylene (PP) with CNTs to coat on the beter electrical film, which could be them need as antielectrode on the dye solar cell.
The thermal properties were analyzed by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The electrical conductivity properties of CNTs film and electrical substrate were obtained by multi-sensers Super Megohmmeter. We used Scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine the morphology of materials. Due to the high aspect ratio of CNTs, the formation of a network structure between PP and physically modified MWNTs significantly improves electrical conductivity, thereby increasing its thermal and mechanical properties.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1太陽能電池之簡介 4
2.1.1染料敏化太陽能電池 5
2.1.1(a): 染料敏化太陽能電池發展史 5
2.1.1(b): 染料敏化太陽能電池之工作原理 6
2.1.1(c): 染料敏化太陽能電池之效率影響因素 8
2.1.1(d): 染料敏化太陽能電池之電解液 13
2.1.2太陽能電池的等校電路 13
2.2奈米碳管的簡介 17
2.2.1奈米碳管的特性 19
2.2.2奈米碳管的合成與影響因素 23
2.2.3奈米碳管的應用 24
2.3石墨烯的簡介 27
2.3.1石墨烯的特性 28
2.3.2石墨烯的製作 30
2.3.2(a)機械剝離法(Mechanical exfoliation) 30
2.3.2(b)化學氣相沉積法(Chemical vapor deposition, CVD) 30
2.3.2(c)磊晶成長法(Epitaxial growth) 31
2.3.2(d)氧化石墨法(Graphite oxide) 31
2.3.2(e)熱還原法(Thermally reduced grapheme, TRG) 32
第三章 實驗設備與步驟 33
3.1實驗藥品 33
3.2實驗儀器 37
3.3實驗配方簡稱與全名 38
3.4 實驗流程 40
3.4.1 多壁奈米碳管與石墨稀之改質與測試比較 40
3.4.2 聚丙烯/奈米碳管複材的製備 41
3.5 實驗步驟 42
3.5.1改質多壁奈米碳管/石墨烯 (Modify MWCNTs/GP) 42
3.5.1 (a)純化多壁奈米碳管(UCNTs) 42
3.5.1 (b)高分子改質多壁奈米碳管(Dispersant/UCNTs) 42
3.5.1 (c) 高分子改質石墨烯(Dispersant/UGP) 43
3.5.2多壁奈米碳管/石墨烯，薄膜的製備(Membrane) 43
3.5.3聚丙烯/奈米碳管的製備(Blending) 44
3.5.3 (a)PP/MCNTs複合材料的製備 44
3.5.3 (b)PP/CNTs與M.CNTs及M.GP薄膜複合材料的貼合製備 45
3.5.4染料敏化太陽能陽電池(DSSC)之製備 45
3.5.4 (a) P90染料敏化太陽能陽電池(DSSC)之陽電極之製備 45
3.5.4 (b)染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSC)之封裝製備 46
3.6 分析試片的製備 47
第四章 結果與討論 50
4.1 沉降分析 50
4.2 表面電阻率之分析(Surface Resistivity) 52
4.2.1 分散劑之比較 52
4.2.2 M.CNTs與M.GP最低表面電阻率之測試 52
4.2.3 M.CNTs/PP/CNTs與M.GP/PP/CNTs表面電阻率測試 54
4.3 表面分析(Surface Analysis) 58
4.3.1 原子力顯微鏡(AFM)之分析 58
4.3.2 光學性質之分析 60
4.3.3 SEM微觀分析分析 64
4.3.4 TEM微觀分析分析 69
4.4 光電轉換效率(Effection Analysis) 72
4.5 熱重損失分析(TGA) 76
4.6 示差掃描量熱儀(DSC) 79
第五章 結論 82
第六章 建議與未來工作 84
參考文獻 85

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