本研究主旨在探討蒸發冷凝式灑水效率之均勻度分析，以50個集水器測試水滴分佈，並利用可視化之實驗，觀察噴頭噴灑液滴現象，實驗在流量135LPM和176.4LPM，噴頭間距15公分與17公分，三種噴頭（1號噴頭開口長度和寬度分別為4公分和0.7公分，2號噴頭開口長度和寬度分別為4公分和1公分，3號噴頭開口長度和寬度分別為3.5公分和0.8公分），集水容器和噴頭高度差為16~32公分；測試在噴頭灑水時上述各參數對均勻度之影響。實驗結果顯示，於蒸發冷凝式冰水機灑水效率中，其噴頭開口之截面積設計與流量變化對於均勻度的影響非常大，若能有效控制噴嘴出口流速於1.2m/s左右，可減少液滴流失及增加撞擊飛濺情形，本研究透過改變流量之測試而歸納出較佳均勻度之流速。由改變噴頭開口截面積觀察噴灑現象，發現在高流量時，2號噴頭盛接量和均勻度都優於1號噴頭；在低流量時，1號噴頭在間距17公分較佳，而在間距15公分時2號噴頭較佳，原因為距離拉近，2號噴頭開口上下寬度較1號噴頭大，導致相鄰噴頭噴灑出液滴撞擊點較近，撞擊後液滴飛濺情形也發生較明顯。

This study aims to investigate the water spray uniformity of sprinkler in an evaporative condenser. Experiments of water droplet distribution are conducted with 50 water collectors, and the nozzle spray droplets patterns were observed during the tests. Three different combinations of nozzle opening length and width (4 cm x 0.7 cm, 4cm x 1 cm, and 3.5 cm x 0.8 cm) were tested with the flow rates varied at 135 LPM and 176.4 LPM. The nozzle spacing were either 15 cm or 17cm, and the distance between water collector and nozzle ranged from 16 cm to 32 cm. Experimental results show that the cross-sectional area of nozzle opening and flow rate significantly affect the water spray uniformity. If the water flow speed can be effectively controlled, this will help to shorten the impact distance, which improves spattering phenomenon and increases the ratio of collected fluid. In this study, at high flow rate, the nozzle opening with 4 cm in length and 1 cm in width transports/channels provides better water spray uniformity compared to the nozzle opening with 4 cm in length and 0.7 cm in width. On the other hand, at low flow rate, the nozzle opening with 4 cm in length and 0.7 cm in width provides better impacting effect with the nozzle spacing of 17 cm, yet the nozzle opening with 4 cm in length and 1 cm in width performs better with the nozzle spacing of 15 cm. The latter case, with the smaller nozzle spacing and bigger nozzle opening size, leads to a shorter impact distance of the spraying flow from two adjacent nozzles﹐and subsequently the spattering of water droplets is more pronounced.

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的與動機 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 蒸發冷凝系統 4
2.1.1 蒸發冷卻技術之理論模型 4
2.1.2 蒸發冷凝灑水對熱傳之影響 7
2.2 噴擊熱傳 11
2.2.1 單相噴擊熱傳 11
2.2.2 雙相噴擊熱傳 13
2.2.3 噴淋孔型式之影響 13
2.2.4 蒸發冷凝不同型式噴嘴影響 15
2.2.5 噴頭噴灑對分佈影響 18
第三章 實驗設備與方法 20
3.1 實驗系統 20
3.1.1 灑水裝置基本構造 21
3.1.2 集水容器構造 23
3.2 實驗參數設定 26
3.3 實驗器材 28
3.3.1 電力分析儀 28
3.3.2 噴流量校正 28
3.3.3 噴頭開口製作 29
3.3.4 幫浦 29
3.3.5 升降台車 29
3.3.6 計重電子台秤 30
3.4 實驗步驟 31
3.5 測試區實驗參數 33
3.6 誤差分析 33
第四章 結果與討論 35
4.1 噴頭實際灑水情形分析 35
4.1.1 灑水一次和二次撞擊 35
4.1.2 有無風量比較 38
4.1.3 空氣側風速量測 41
4.2 實驗數據分析與探討 42
4.2.1 集水率標準差與盛接量探討 42
4.2.2 不同流量比較 42
4.2.3 噴頭間距17公分和2種流量分析 44
4.2.4 噴頭間距15公分和二種流量分析 47
4.3 分配管路之噴頭間距17公分和15公分比較 52
4.3.1 間距17公分和15公分之1號噴頭水量分佈 53
4.3.2 間距17公分和15公分之2號噴頭水量分佈 58
4.4 噴頭2號之特性分析 62
第五章 結論與未來展望 65
5.1 結論 65
5.2 未來展望 66
參考文獻 67
符號說明 70

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